Catalyst Engineering for Electrochemical Energy Conversion from Water to Water: Water Electrolysis and the Hydrogen Fuel Cell

[Display omitted] In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable energy system. Electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion is an ideal energy system that can produce fuels via sustainable, foss...

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Published inEngineering (Beijing, China) Vol. 6; no. 6; pp. 653 - 679
Main Authors Peng, Lishan, Wei, Zidong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2020
Elsevier
Subjects
Electrocatalysis
Electrocatalyst engineering
Fuel cell
Hydrogen–water energy conversion
Renewable energy system
Structure design
Water electrolysis
Electrocatalysis
Renewable energy system
Hydrogen–water energy conversion
Structure design
Water electrolysis
Electrocatalyst engineering
Fuel cell
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Abstract [Display omitted] In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable energy system. Electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion is an ideal energy system that can produce fuels via sustainable, fossil-free pathways. However, the energy conversion efficiency of two functioning technologies in this energy system—namely, water electrolysis and the fuel cell—still has great scope for improvement. This review analyzes the energy dissipation of water electrolysis and the fuel cell in the hydrogen–water energy system and discusses the key barriers in the hydrogen- and oxygen-involving reactions that occur on the catalyst surface. By means of the scaling relations between reactive intermediates and their apparent catalytic performance, this article summarizes the frameworks of the catalytic activity trends, providing insights into the design of highly active electrocatalysts for the involved reactions. A series of structural engineering methodologies (including nanoarchitecture, facet engineering, polymorph engineering, amorphization, defect engineering, element doping, interface engineering, and alloying) and their applications based on catalytic performance are then introduced, with an emphasis on the rational guidance from previous theoretical and experimental studies. The key scientific problems in the electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion system are outlined, and future directions are proposed for developing advanced catalysts for technologies with high energy-conversion efficiency.
AbstractList In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable energy system. Electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion is an ideal energy system that can produce fuels via sustainable, fossil-free pathways. However, the energy conversion efficiency of two functioning technologies in this energy system—namely, water electrolysis and the fuel cell—still has great scope for improvement. This review analyzes the energy dissipation of water electrolysis and the fuel cell in the hydrogen–water energy system and discusses the key barriers in the hydrogen- and oxygen-involving reactions that occur on the catalyst surface. By means of the scaling relations between reactive intermediates and their apparent catalytic performance, this article summarizes the frameworks of the catalytic activity trends, providing insights into the design of highly active electrocatalysts for the involved reactions. A series of structural engineering methodologies (including nanoarchitecture, facet engineering, polymorph engineering, amorphization, defect engineering, element doping, interface engineering, and alloying) and their applications based on catalytic performance are then introduced, with an emphasis on the rational guidance from previous theoretical and experimental studies. The key scientific problems in the electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion system are outlined, and future directions are proposed for developing advanced catalysts for technologies with high energy-conversion efficiency.
[Display omitted] In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable energy system. Electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion is an ideal energy system that can produce fuels via sustainable, fossil-free pathways. However, the energy conversion efficiency of two functioning technologies in this energy system—namely, water electrolysis and the fuel cell—still has great scope for improvement. This review analyzes the energy dissipation of water electrolysis and the fuel cell in the hydrogen–water energy system and discusses the key barriers in the hydrogen- and oxygen-involving reactions that occur on the catalyst surface. By means of the scaling relations between reactive intermediates and their apparent catalytic performance, this article summarizes the frameworks of the catalytic activity trends, providing insights into the design of highly active electrocatalysts for the involved reactions. A series of structural engineering methodologies (including nanoarchitecture, facet engineering, polymorph engineering, amorphization, defect engineering, element doping, interface engineering, and alloying) and their applications based on catalytic performance are then introduced, with an emphasis on the rational guidance from previous theoretical and experimental studies. The key scientific problems in the electrochemical hydrogen–water conversion system are outlined, and future directions are proposed for developing advanced catalysts for technologies with high energy-conversion efficiency.
Author Wei, Zidong
Peng, Lishan
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  fullname: Peng, Lishan
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  givenname: Zidong
  surname: Wei
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  email: zdwei@cqu.edu.cn
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Issue 6
Keywords Electrocatalysis
Renewable energy system
Hydrogen–water energy conversion
Structure design
Water electrolysis
Electrocatalyst engineering
Fuel cell
Language English
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crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_eng_2019_07_028
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eng_2019_07_028
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_eng_2019_07_028
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
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PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate June 2020
2020-06-00
2020-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2020-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2020
  text: June 2020
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Engineering (Beijing, China)
PublicationYear 2020
Publisher Elsevier Ltd
Elsevier
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– name: Elsevier
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Snippet [Display omitted] In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing...
In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change, substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable...
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SubjectTerms Electrocatalysis
Electrocatalyst engineering
Fuel cell
Hydrogen–water energy conversion
Renewable energy system
Structure design
Water electrolysis
Title Catalyst Engineering for Electrochemical Energy Conversion from Water to Water: Water Electrolysis and the Hydrogen Fuel Cell
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.028
https://doaj.org/article/d4b9078e4b904f60954160ec47dc874c
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