Repurposing Citrus paradisi L. waste seed oil in the renewable production of biodiesel using phytosynthesized lead oxide nanoparticles
•Conversion of waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel.•Synthesis of lead oxide nanocatalyst using leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale.•Optimization of transesterification via Response Surface Methodology.•Optimal yield of 93% was produced under specific reaction conditions. G...
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| Published in | Waste Management Bulletin Vol. 2; no. 2; pp. 335 - 348 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.06.2024
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2949-7507 2949-7507 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.wmb.2024.05.012 |
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| Abstract | •Conversion of waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel.•Synthesis of lead oxide nanocatalyst using leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale.•Optimization of transesterification via Response Surface Methodology.•Optimal yield of 93% was produced under specific reaction conditions.
Global interest in developing a state-of-the-art circular economy has been driven by the desire to generate bioenergy and bioproducts from biowaste streams. Biodiesel, synthesized from used, non-edible oils has emerged as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative fuel for diesel engines. This study investigates the feasibility of employing an innovative circular economy to convert waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel using green lead oxide nanoparticles (PbONPs). The synthesized biodiesel is noted for its ecofriendly characteristics, being non-toxic, biodegradable, cost effective and comparable to traditional petroleum-based diesel. PbONPs were prepared using aqueous leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale L. Analytical characterization of PbONPs revealed an average particle size of 42 nm. PbONPs demonstrated recyclability with maximum catalytic activity maintained through four consecutive cycles of transesterification. An optimal yield of 93 % was achieved under specific reaction conditions: a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 7:1, a reaction time of 105 min, a temperature of 92.5 ˚C, and a catalyst load of 0.32 wt%. The predominant fatty acid methyl ester identified in the biodiesel was 5, 8-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester. The biodiesel produced from C. paradisi met the criteria for international standards with an impressively low sulfur content of 0.0001 %, underscoring its clean and benign nature. |
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| AbstractList | •Conversion of waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel.•Synthesis of lead oxide nanocatalyst using leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale.•Optimization of transesterification via Response Surface Methodology.•Optimal yield of 93% was produced under specific reaction conditions.
Global interest in developing a state-of-the-art circular economy has been driven by the desire to generate bioenergy and bioproducts from biowaste streams. Biodiesel, synthesized from used, non-edible oils has emerged as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative fuel for diesel engines. This study investigates the feasibility of employing an innovative circular economy to convert waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel using green lead oxide nanoparticles (PbONPs). The synthesized biodiesel is noted for its ecofriendly characteristics, being non-toxic, biodegradable, cost effective and comparable to traditional petroleum-based diesel. PbONPs were prepared using aqueous leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale L. Analytical characterization of PbONPs revealed an average particle size of 42 nm. PbONPs demonstrated recyclability with maximum catalytic activity maintained through four consecutive cycles of transesterification. An optimal yield of 93 % was achieved under specific reaction conditions: a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 7:1, a reaction time of 105 min, a temperature of 92.5 ˚C, and a catalyst load of 0.32 wt%. The predominant fatty acid methyl ester identified in the biodiesel was 5, 8-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester. The biodiesel produced from C. paradisi met the criteria for international standards with an impressively low sulfur content of 0.0001 %, underscoring its clean and benign nature. Global interest in developing a state-of-the-art circular economy has been driven by the desire to generate bioenergy and bioproducts from biowaste streams. Biodiesel, synthesized from used, non-edible oils has emerged as a sustainable and ecofriendly alternative fuel for diesel engines. This study investigates the feasibility of employing an innovative circular economy to convert waste Citrus paradisi L. seed oil into sustainable biodiesel using green lead oxide nanoparticles (PbONPs). The synthesized biodiesel is noted for its ecofriendly characteristics, being non-toxic, biodegradable, cost effective and comparable to traditional petroleum-based diesel. PbONPs were prepared using aqueous leaf extract of Nasturtium officinale L. Analytical characterization of PbONPs revealed an average particle size of 42 nm. PbONPs demonstrated recyclability with maximum catalytic activity maintained through four consecutive cycles of transesterification. An optimal yield of 93 % was achieved under specific reaction conditions: a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 7:1, a reaction time of 105 min, a temperature of 92.5 ˚C, and a catalyst load of 0.32 wt%. The predominant fatty acid methyl ester identified in the biodiesel was 5, 8-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester. The biodiesel produced from C. paradisi met the criteria for international standards with an impressively low sulfur content of 0.0001 %, underscoring its clean and benign nature. |
| Author | Ahmad, Mushtaq Emmanuel, Okezie Ahuchaogu, Ahamefula A. Waseem, Amir Rozina |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 orcidid: 0000-0001-5003-2017 surname: Rozina fullname: Rozina email: Rozinaroshni@yahoo.com organization: Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan – sequence: 2 givenname: Okezie surname: Emmanuel fullname: Emmanuel, Okezie email: emmanuel.20@osu.edu organization: Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Mushtaq surname: Ahmad fullname: Ahmad, Mushtaq organization: Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan – sequence: 4 givenname: Amir surname: Waseem fullname: Waseem, Amir organization: Department of Chemistry, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan – sequence: 5 givenname: Ahamefula A. surname: Ahuchaogu fullname: Ahuchaogu, Ahamefula A. organization: Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Abia State University, Nigeria |
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| Issue | 2 |
| Keywords | Green energy PbONPs Waste seed oil Biodiesel Citrus paradisi |
| Language | English |
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