Effects of different tillage methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode in the Songliao Plain of China
•We pioneered the research on RT and ST in the wide and narrow rows rotation mode.•RT and ST can solve the problem of cold and wet seedbed compared to NT.•RT and ST can promote maize seed germination and seedling growth compared to NT.•NT and ST can improve maize yield compared to NT. The Songliao P...
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Published in | Geoderma Vol. 452; p. 117120 |
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Language | English |
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01.12.2024
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Abstract | •We pioneered the research on RT and ST in the wide and narrow rows rotation mode.•RT and ST can solve the problem of cold and wet seedbed compared to NT.•RT and ST can promote maize seed germination and seedling growth compared to NT.•NT and ST can improve maize yield compared to NT.
The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage22NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode is widely used for maize planting in this region. However, in spring, the NT method in this mode suffer from low soil temperature and high soil water content33SWC: soil water content. (SWC), which severely restrict maize seed germination and seedling growth. We pioneered the research and practice of the ridge tillage44RT: ridge tillage. (RT) method and strip tillage55ST: strip tillage. (ST) method in this mode. We developed a new tillage machine to enable the implementation of RT and ST methods in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode, which has not been previously reported in this region. In this mode, the relative research of the RT method and ST method has not been conducted, and the effects of the RT method and ST method on the soil properties and maize seedling growth have not been clarified. Therefore, a 3-year field experiment was conducted at 7 randomly selected experimental sites in this region to research the effects of RT, ST, and NT methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth. During the spring sowing period, for soil pH, organic matter66OM: organic matter. (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, both the RT method and ST method resulted in greater values than the NT method, and there was no significant difference between the RT method and ST method. This indicated that prolonged NT was not conducive to even distribution of OM, resulting in slightly lower available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compared to the RT and ST methods. Within 30 days after spring sowing, for soil temperature, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value; for SWC, NT method value > RT method value > ST method value. For mean seedling emergence time77MET: mean seedling emergence time. (MET), RT method value < ST method value < NT method value; for seedling emergence rate88ER: seedling emergence rate. (ER), plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value. Higher soil temperature, more suitable SWC, and better nutrient availability were beneficial in shortening MET, promoting dry matter accumulation, which ultimately increased plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight of maize seedlings. In RT, ST, and NT methods, soil temperature and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 10–22 °C soil temperature interval. In the RT method and ST method, SWC and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 15–24 % SWC interval. In the NT method, SWC and plant dry weight were negatively and linearly correlated in the 27–35 % SWC interval. Moreover, maize yield responses were positive for the RT method and ST method compared with the NT method. The RT method and ST method well solved the problems of low soil temperature and high SWC that existed in NT fields, which affected the early growth of maize seedlings, and ensured the stability and improvement of maize yields. The results suggest that both the RT method and ST method may provide significant improvements over the existing NT method. |
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AbstractList | The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage²2NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode is widely used for maize planting in this region. However, in spring, the NT method in this mode suffer from low soil temperature and high soil water content³3SWC: soil water content. (SWC), which severely restrict maize seed germination and seedling growth. We pioneered the research and practice of the ridge tillage⁴4RT: ridge tillage. (RT) method and strip tillage⁵5ST: strip tillage. (ST) method in this mode. We developed a new tillage machine to enable the implementation of RT and ST methods in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode, which has not been previously reported in this region. In this mode, the relative research of the RT method and ST method has not been conducted, and the effects of the RT method and ST method on the soil properties and maize seedling growth have not been clarified. Therefore, a 3-year field experiment was conducted at 7 randomly selected experimental sites in this region to research the effects of RT, ST, and NT methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth. During the spring sowing period, for soil pH, organic matter⁶6OM: organic matter. (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, both the RT method and ST method resulted in greater values than the NT method, and there was no significant difference between the RT method and ST method. This indicated that prolonged NT was not conducive to even distribution of OM, resulting in slightly lower available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compared to the RT and ST methods. Within 30 days after spring sowing, for soil temperature, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value; for SWC, NT method value > RT method value > ST method value. For mean seedling emergence time⁷7MET: mean seedling emergence time. (MET), RT method value < ST method value < NT method value; for seedling emergence rate⁸8ER: seedling emergence rate. (ER), plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value. Higher soil temperature, more suitable SWC, and better nutrient availability were beneficial in shortening MET, promoting dry matter accumulation, which ultimately increased plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight of maize seedlings. In RT, ST, and NT methods, soil temperature and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 10–22 °C soil temperature interval. In the RT method and ST method, SWC and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 15–24 % SWC interval. In the NT method, SWC and plant dry weight were negatively and linearly correlated in the 27–35 % SWC interval. Moreover, maize yield responses were positive for the RT method and ST method compared with the NT method. The RT method and ST method well solved the problems of low soil temperature and high SWC that existed in NT fields, which affected the early growth of maize seedlings, and ensured the stability and improvement of maize yields. The results suggest that both the RT method and ST method may provide significant improvements over the existing NT method. •We pioneered the research on RT and ST in the wide and narrow rows rotation mode.•RT and ST can solve the problem of cold and wet seedbed compared to NT.•RT and ST can promote maize seed germination and seedling growth compared to NT.•NT and ST can improve maize yield compared to NT. The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage22NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode is widely used for maize planting in this region. However, in spring, the NT method in this mode suffer from low soil temperature and high soil water content33SWC: soil water content. (SWC), which severely restrict maize seed germination and seedling growth. We pioneered the research and practice of the ridge tillage44RT: ridge tillage. (RT) method and strip tillage55ST: strip tillage. (ST) method in this mode. We developed a new tillage machine to enable the implementation of RT and ST methods in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode, which has not been previously reported in this region. In this mode, the relative research of the RT method and ST method has not been conducted, and the effects of the RT method and ST method on the soil properties and maize seedling growth have not been clarified. Therefore, a 3-year field experiment was conducted at 7 randomly selected experimental sites in this region to research the effects of RT, ST, and NT methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth. During the spring sowing period, for soil pH, organic matter66OM: organic matter. (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, both the RT method and ST method resulted in greater values than the NT method, and there was no significant difference between the RT method and ST method. This indicated that prolonged NT was not conducive to even distribution of OM, resulting in slightly lower available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compared to the RT and ST methods. Within 30 days after spring sowing, for soil temperature, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value; for SWC, NT method value > RT method value > ST method value. For mean seedling emergence time77MET: mean seedling emergence time. (MET), RT method value < ST method value < NT method value; for seedling emergence rate88ER: seedling emergence rate. (ER), plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value. Higher soil temperature, more suitable SWC, and better nutrient availability were beneficial in shortening MET, promoting dry matter accumulation, which ultimately increased plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight of maize seedlings. In RT, ST, and NT methods, soil temperature and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 10–22 °C soil temperature interval. In the RT method and ST method, SWC and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 15–24 % SWC interval. In the NT method, SWC and plant dry weight were negatively and linearly correlated in the 27–35 % SWC interval. Moreover, maize yield responses were positive for the RT method and ST method compared with the NT method. The RT method and ST method well solved the problems of low soil temperature and high SWC that existed in NT fields, which affected the early growth of maize seedlings, and ensured the stability and improvement of maize yields. The results suggest that both the RT method and ST method may provide significant improvements over the existing NT method. The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage22 NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode is widely used for maize planting in this region. However, in spring, the NT method in this mode suffer from low soil temperature and high soil water content33 SWC: soil water content. (SWC), which severely restrict maize seed germination and seedling growth. We pioneered the research and practice of the ridge tillage44 RT: ridge tillage. (RT) method and strip tillage55 ST: strip tillage. (ST) method in this mode. We developed a new tillage machine to enable the implementation of RT and ST methods in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode, which has not been previously reported in this region. In this mode, the relative research of the RT method and ST method has not been conducted, and the effects of the RT method and ST method on the soil properties and maize seedling growth have not been clarified. Therefore, a 3-year field experiment was conducted at 7 randomly selected experimental sites in this region to research the effects of RT, ST, and NT methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth. During the spring sowing period, for soil pH, organic matter66 OM: organic matter. (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, both the RT method and ST method resulted in greater values than the NT method, and there was no significant difference between the RT method and ST method. This indicated that prolonged NT was not conducive to even distribution of OM, resulting in slightly lower available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compared to the RT and ST methods. Within 30 days after spring sowing, for soil temperature, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value; for SWC, NT method value > RT method value > ST method value. For mean seedling emergence time77 MET: mean seedling emergence time. (MET), RT method value < ST method value < NT method value; for seedling emergence rate88 ER: seedling emergence rate. (ER), plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight, RT method value > ST method value > NT method value. Higher soil temperature, more suitable SWC, and better nutrient availability were beneficial in shortening MET, promoting dry matter accumulation, which ultimately increased plant height, stem thickness, and plant dry weight of maize seedlings. In RT, ST, and NT methods, soil temperature and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 10–22 °C soil temperature interval. In the RT method and ST method, SWC and plant dry weight were positively and linearly correlated in the 15–24 % SWC interval. In the NT method, SWC and plant dry weight were negatively and linearly correlated in the 27–35 % SWC interval. Moreover, maize yield responses were positive for the RT method and ST method compared with the NT method. The RT method and ST method well solved the problems of low soil temperature and high SWC that existed in NT fields, which affected the early growth of maize seedlings, and ensured the stability and improvement of maize yields. The results suggest that both the RT method and ST method may provide significant improvements over the existing NT method. |
ArticleNumber | 117120 |
Author | Wang, Libin Zhang, Yongguang Liu, Yuanyuan Dong, Yonglu Wang, Yueyong |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yueyong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yueyong organization: College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Yongguang surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Yongguang organization: College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yuanyuan orcidid: 0000-0003-3122-689X surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Yuanyuan email: liuyuanyuan@jlau.edu.cn organization: College of Information Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Libin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Libin organization: Changchun Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Changchun 130062, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Yonglu surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Yonglu organization: Changchun Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Changchun 130062, China |
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Keywords | Conservation agriculture Soil structure No-tillage Seeding trait Grain yield Maize straw mulching |
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Snippet | •We pioneered the research on RT and ST in the wide and narrow rows rotation mode.•RT and ST can solve the problem of cold and wet seedbed compared to NT.•RT... The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage²2NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and... The Songliao Plain is the main maize (Zea mays L.) producing region in Northeast China. The no-tillage22 NT: no-tillage. (NT) method in alternating wide and... |
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SubjectTerms | China Conservation agriculture corn dry matter accumulation field experimentation Grain yield Maize straw mulching nitrogen No-tillage nutrient availability organic matter phosphorus plant height potassium ridge tillage seed germination Seeding trait seedling emergence seedling growth soil pH Soil structure soil temperature soil water soil water content spring strip tillage Zea mays |
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Title | Effects of different tillage methods on soil properties and maize seedling growth in alternating wide and narrow rows rotation mode in the Songliao Plain of China |
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