On visual access to letter case and lexical/semantic information

Reported are 4 experiments designed to investigate automatic processing of letter case & lexical/semantic information under forward & backward masking conditions that disallowed a visible image. Stimulus displays were letter string pairs in which the letter case for each pair matched or did...

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Published in	Memory & cognition Vol. 13; no. 5; pp. 392 - 404
Main Authors	Avant, Lloyd L., Thieman, Alice A.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Austin, TX Psychonomic Society 01.09.1985
Subjects	Attention Biological and medical sciences Discrimination Learning Form Perception Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Language Letter Recognition and Discrimination Masking Pattern Recognition, Visual Perceptual Masking Production and perception of spoken language Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Reading Semantics Visual Stimulation Human Vigilance Visual imagery Memory Attention Visual perception Letter Lexicons Language Mental automatism Semantics Vision Masking
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ISSN	0090-502X 1532-5946
DOI	10.3758/BF03198452

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Abstract	Reported are 4 experiments designed to investigate automatic processing of letter case & lexical/semantic information under forward & backward masking conditions that disallowed a visible image. Stimulus displays were letter string pairs in which the letter case for each pair matched or did not match, & the relationship between the 2 strings within pairs varied. Experiment 1 (N = 40 undergraduates) required direct same-different responses to stimulus pairs. Experiments 2 & 3 (N = 80, 32) used a direct index of automatic prerecognition analyses of verbal-linguistic parameters & showed that, with 30-millisecond pre- & postmasked presentations, letter case, orthographic regularity, & lexical /semantic information are all analyzed in unconscious operations. Experiment 4 (N = 40) showed that, under viewing conditions used in experiments 2 & 3, Ss had no awareness of the stimulus input. Implications for models of unconscious processing are discussed. 7 Tables, 3 Figures, 50 References. Modified HA
AbstractList	Reported are 4 experiments designed to investigate automatic processing of letter case & lexical/semantic information under forward & backward masking conditions that disallowed a visible image. Stimulus displays were letter string pairs in which the letter case for each pair matched or did not match, & the relationship between the 2 strings within pairs varied. Experiment 1 (N = 40 undergraduates) required direct same-different responses to stimulus pairs. Experiments 2 & 3 (N = 80, 32) used a direct index of automatic prerecognition analyses of verbal-linguistic parameters & showed that, with 30-millisecond pre- & postmasked presentations, letter case, orthographic regularity, & lexical /semantic information are all analyzed in unconscious operations. Experiment 4 (N = 40) showed that, under viewing conditions used in experiments 2 & 3, Ss had no awareness of the stimulus input. Implications for models of unconscious processing are discussed. 7 Tables, 3 Figures, 50 References. Modified HA
Author	Thieman, Alice A. Avant, Lloyd L.
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Cites_doi	10.1515/9783110804478 10.1016/0010-0285(83)90010-5 10.3758/BF03334791 10.1016/0010-0285(73)90012-1 10.1037/0033-295X.82.6.407 10.1037/0096-1523.1.3.205 10.1037/0096-3445.104.2.146 10.3758/BF03199379 10.1016/0022-0965(77)90031-5 10.3758/BF03335891 10.1037/0096-3445.106.3.226 10.1093/brain/97.1.709 10.3758/BF03202538 10.1016/0001-6918(82)90043-9 10.1037/h0035681 10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.174 10.1016/0010-0285(83)90009-9 10.1037/h0032759 10.2307/747031 10.1016/S0022-5371(83)80008-5 10.1016/0042-6989(62)90037-8 10.3758/BF03204315 10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.127 10.3758/BF03204258 10.3758/BF03203208 10.1037/0096-3445.110.3.341 10.1016/0010-0285(74)90015-2
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Keywords	Human Vigilance Visual imagery Memory Attention Visual perception Letter Lexicons Language Mental automatism Semantics Vision Masking
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SubjectTerms	Attention Biological and medical sciences Discrimination Learning Form Perception Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Language Letter Recognition and Discrimination Masking Pattern Recognition, Visual Perceptual Masking Production and perception of spoken language Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Reading Semantics Visual Stimulation
Title	On visual access to letter case and lexical/semantic information
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