The Durability of Alkali-Activated Materials in Comparison with Ordinary Portland Cements and Concretes: A Review

China is the largest producer and user of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and the rapid growth of infrastructure development demands more sustainable building materials for concrete structures. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly building ma...

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Published inEngineering (Beijing, China) Vol. 6; no. 6; pp. 695 - 706
Main Authors Wang, Aiguo, Zheng, Yi, Zhang, Zuhua, Liu, Kaiwei, Li, Yan, Shi, Liang, Sun, Daosheng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2020
Elsevier
Subjects
Alkali-activated materials
Deterioration mechanism
Durability
Geopolymer
Ordinary Portland cement
Alkali-activated materials
Durability
Geopolymer
Deterioration mechanism
Ordinary Portland cement
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Abstract China is the largest producer and user of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and the rapid growth of infrastructure development demands more sustainable building materials for concrete structures. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly building material with a wide range of potential applications. This paper compares the durability of AAMs and OPC-based materials under sulfate attack, acid corrosion, carbonation, and chloride penetration. Different AAMs have shown distinct durability properties due to different compositions being formed when different raw materials are used. According to the calcium (Ca) concentration of the raw materials, this paper interprets the deterioration mechanisms of three categories of AAMs: calcium-free, low-calcium, and calcium-rich. Conflicts found in the most recent research are highlighted, as they raise concerns regarding the consistence and long-term properties of AAMs. Nevertheless, AAMs show better durability performances than OPC-based materials in general.
AbstractList China is the largest producer and user of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and the rapid growth of infrastructure development demands more sustainable building materials for concrete structures. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly building material with a wide range of potential applications. This paper compares the durability of AAMs and OPC-based materials under sulfate attack, acid corrosion, carbonation, and chloride penetration. Different AAMs have shown distinct durability properties due to different compositions being formed when different raw materials are used. According to the calcium (Ca) concentration of the raw materials, this paper interprets the deterioration mechanisms of three categories of AAMs: calcium-free, low-calcium, and calcium-rich. Conflicts found in the most recent research are highlighted, as they raise concerns regarding the consistence and long-term properties of AAMs. Nevertheless, AAMs show better durability performances than OPC-based materials in general.
Author Zhang, Zuhua
Shi, Liang
Zheng, Yi
Li, Yan
Wang, Aiguo
Liu, Kaiwei
Sun, Daosheng
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  organization: Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Building Materials, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230022, China
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Tue Jul 01 02:18:49 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:53:26 EDT 2025
Thu Jul 20 20:16:38 EDT 2023
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Keywords Alkali-activated materials
Durability
Geopolymer
Deterioration mechanism
Ordinary Portland cement
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
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MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c406t-2390e31f9528ea1557d38beec6f45531befef2e0623cec1081fe39ef45859b683
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PublicationDate June 2020
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  text: June 2020
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Engineering (Beijing, China)
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Snippet China is the largest producer and user of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and the rapid growth of infrastructure development demands more sustainable building...
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SubjectTerms Alkali-activated materials
Deterioration mechanism
Durability
Geopolymer
Ordinary Portland cement
Title The Durability of Alkali-Activated Materials in Comparison with Ordinary Portland Cements and Concretes: A Review
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.08.019
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