Maxillary Sinus Augmentation in Humans Using Cortical Porcine Bone: A Histological and Histomorphometrical Evaluation After 4 and 6 Months

• Published in: Clinical implant dentistry and related research Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 13 - 18
• Main Authors: Scarano, Antonio, Piattelli, Adriano, Perrotti, Vittoria, Manzon, Licia, Iezzi, Giovanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2011
• Subjects: Alveolar Ridge Augmentation - methods; Animals; Biocompatible Materials - therapeutic use; bone regeneration; Bone Regeneration - physiology; Bone Substitutes - therapeutic use; Dental Implantation, Endosseous - methods; Dentistry; Female; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus - surgery; Middle Aged; Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic - methods; Osseointegration - physiology; porcine bone-derived biomaterial; sinus augmentation procedures; Swine; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1523-0899; 1708-8208
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00176.x

ABSTRACT Background: Bone substitutes, such as allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, have been proposed in several augmentation procedures. Purpose: The aim of the present study was a histologic and histomorphometric evaluation of specimens retrieved 4 or 6 months after sinus augmentation using cortical porcine bone augmentation material. Materials and Methods: A total of 77 specimens, retrieved after 4 and 6 months from augmented sinuses, were used in this study. The specimens were processed to be observed under light microscopy. Histomorphometric measurements were presented as means ± standard deviations. Results: Most of the particles were surrounded by newly formed bone with large osteocyte lacunae. Histomorphometry showed that, after 4 months, the newly formed bone represented 28%, marrow spaces 36%, the residual graft material 37%, while, after 6 months, the newly formed bone represented 31%, marrow spaces 34%, while the residual graft material was 37%. Conclusion: The present results show that cortical porcine bone is a biocompatible, osteoconductive biomaterial that can be used for maxillary sinus augmentation procedures without interfering with the normal reparative bone processes.