From the litter layer to the saprolite: Chemical changes in water-soluble soil organic matter and their correlation to microbial community composition
Organic matter content and chemistry is vital to the structure and function of soil systems, but while organic matter is recognized as biogeochemically important, its chemical interaction with soil processes is not well understood. In this study we used fluorescence spectroscopy, which has been used...
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| Published in | Soil biology & biochemistry Vol. 68; pp. 166 - 176 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Ltd
01.01.2014
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Organic matter content and chemistry is vital to the structure and function of soil systems, but while organic matter is recognized as biogeochemically important, its chemical interaction with soil processes is not well understood. In this study we used fluorescence spectroscopy, which has been used extensively for understanding the role of organic matter in aquatic systems, to identify chemical changes in organic matter with depth in a soil system. Soil was collected from nine different pits in a first-order montane catchment in the Colorado Front Range. The water-soluble soil organic matter was extracted from each sample and fluorescence and UV–vis spectroscopy was used to analyze its chemical character. While organic matter chemistry had little correlation with landscape location and local vegetation, there were noticeable consistent trends between soil horizon and organic matter chemistry in each pit. Total organic matter decreased with depth and became less aromatic with increasing depth. This less aromatic material in the saprolite also had a greater microbial signature. The redox character of the organic matter accompanied this change in source and molecular structure, with more oxidized character corresponding with organic matter with more microbial input and more reduced character corresponding to organic matter with more plant input. A concurrent investigation of the microbial population of the same soil samples also showed microbial population composition varying more with soil depth than landscape position, and depth changes in microbial diversity occurred concomitantly with depth changes in organic matter chemistry.
•Chemistry of water-soluble organic matter, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy, changed noticeably with soil depth.•The degree of microbial input to water-soluble organic matter correlated to the redox state of the organic matter.•Microbial community diversity and organic mater chemistry changed concomitantly with soil depth. |
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| AbstractList | Organic matter content and chemistry is vital to the structure and function of soil systems, but while organic matter is recognized as biogeochemically important, its chemical interaction with soil processes is not well understood. In this study we used fluorescence spectroscopy, which has been used extensively for understanding the role of organic matter in aquatic systems, to identify chemical changes in organic matter with depth in a soil system. Soil was collected from nine different pits in a first-order montane catchment in the Colorado Front Range. The water-soluble soil organic matter was extracted from each sample and fluorescence and UV–vis spectroscopy was used to analyze its chemical character. While organic matter chemistry had little correlation with landscape location and local vegetation, there were noticeable consistent trends between soil horizon and organic matter chemistry in each pit. Total organic matter decreased with depth and became less aromatic with increasing depth. This less aromatic material in the saprolite also had a greater microbial signature. The redox character of the organic matter accompanied this change in source and molecular structure, with more oxidized character corresponding with organic matter with more microbial input and more reduced character corresponding to organic matter with more plant input. A concurrent investigation of the microbial population of the same soil samples also showed microbial population composition varying more with soil depth than landscape position, and depth changes in microbial diversity occurred concomitantly with depth changes in organic matter chemistry. Organic matter content and chemistry is vital to the structure and function of soil systems, but while organic matter is recognized as biogeochemically important, its chemical interaction with soil processes is not well understood. In this study we used fluorescence spectroscopy, which has been used extensively for understanding the role of organic matter in aquatic systems, to identify chemical changes in organic matter with depth in a soil system. Soil was collected from nine different pits in a first-order montane catchment in the Colorado Front Range. The water-soluble soil organic matter was extracted from each sample and fluorescence and UV–vis spectroscopy was used to analyze its chemical character. While organic matter chemistry had little correlation with landscape location and local vegetation, there were noticeable consistent trends between soil horizon and organic matter chemistry in each pit. Total organic matter decreased with depth and became less aromatic with increasing depth. This less aromatic material in the saprolite also had a greater microbial signature. The redox character of the organic matter accompanied this change in source and molecular structure, with more oxidized character corresponding with organic matter with more microbial input and more reduced character corresponding to organic matter with more plant input. A concurrent investigation of the microbial population of the same soil samples also showed microbial population composition varying more with soil depth than landscape position, and depth changes in microbial diversity occurred concomitantly with depth changes in organic matter chemistry. •Chemistry of water-soluble organic matter, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy, changed noticeably with soil depth.•The degree of microbial input to water-soluble organic matter correlated to the redox state of the organic matter.•Microbial community diversity and organic mater chemistry changed concomitantly with soil depth. |
| Author | Eilers, Kathryn Anderson, Suzanne P. McKnight, Diane M. Fierer, Noah Gabor, Rachel S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rachel S. surname: Gabor fullname: Gabor, Rachel S. email: Rachel.gabor@colorado.edu organization: Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Kathryn surname: Eilers fullname: Eilers, Kathryn organization: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Diane M. surname: McKnight fullname: McKnight, Diane M. organization: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Noah surname: Fierer fullname: Fierer, Noah organization: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Suzanne P. surname: Anderson fullname: Anderson, Suzanne P. organization: Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA |
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| Keywords | Organic matter/microbe interactions EEM-PARAFAC Water soluble organic matter (WSOM) UV–vis absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy XAD-8 resin fractionation Soil depth Community structure Fractionation Organic matter Litter UV―vis absorbance and fluorescence Fluorescence saprolite Depth Soils Absorbance Chemical modification Spectrometry spectroscopy Water solubility Soil science Microorganism Resins Microbial community |
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