Wnt pathway regulation of embryonic stem cell self-renewal

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can generate all of the cell types found in the adult organism. Remarkably, they retain this ability even after many cell divisions in vitro, as long as the culture conditions prevent differentiation of the cells. Wnt signaling and β-catenin have been shown to cause stron...

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Published inCold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology Vol. 4; no. 9; p. a007971
Main Author Merrill, Bradley J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 01.09.2012
Subjects
Animals
beta Catenin - metabolism
beta Catenin - physiology
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Differentiation
Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Mice
Models, Genetic
Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription Factors - physiology
Wnt Proteins - genetics
Wnt Proteins - metabolism
Wnt Proteins - physiology
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Abstract Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can generate all of the cell types found in the adult organism. Remarkably, they retain this ability even after many cell divisions in vitro, as long as the culture conditions prevent differentiation of the cells. Wnt signaling and β-catenin have been shown to cause strong effects on ESCs both in terms of stimulating the expansion of stem cells and stimulating differentiation toward lineage committed cell types. The varied effects of Wnt signaling in ESCs, alongside the sometimes unconventional mechanisms underlying the effects, have generated a fair amount of controversy and intrigue regarding the role of Wnt signaling in pluripotent stem cells. Insights into the mechanisms of Wnt function in stem cells can be gained by examination of the causes for seemingly opposing effects of Wnt signaling on self-renewal versus differentiation.
AbstractList Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can generate all of the cell types found in the adult organism. Remarkably, they retain this ability even after many cell divisions in vitro, as long as the culture conditions prevent differentiation of the cells. Wnt signaling and β-catenin have been shown to cause strong effects on ESCs both in terms of stimulating the expansion of stem cells and stimulating differentiation toward lineage committed cell types. The varied effects of Wnt signaling in ESCs, alongside the sometimes unconventional mechanisms underlying the effects, have generated a fair amount of controversy and intrigue regarding the role of Wnt signaling in pluripotent stem cells. Insights into the mechanisms of Wnt function in stem cells can be gained by examination of the causes for seemingly opposing effects of Wnt signaling on self-renewal versus differentiation. Wnt/β-catenin signaling causes different effects on naive embryonic stem cells (self-renewal) and primed cells (differentiation). Surprisingly, it also controls the transition from naive to primed state.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can generate all of the cell types found in the adult organism. Remarkably, they retain this ability even after many cell divisions in vitro, as long as the culture conditions prevent differentiation of the cells. Wnt signaling and β-catenin have been shown to cause strong effects on ESCs both in terms of stimulating the expansion of stem cells and stimulating differentiation toward lineage committed cell types. The varied effects of Wnt signaling in ESCs, alongside the sometimes unconventional mechanisms underlying the effects, have generated a fair amount of controversy and intrigue regarding the role of Wnt signaling in pluripotent stem cells. Insights into the mechanisms of Wnt function in stem cells can be gained by examination of the causes for seemingly opposing effects of Wnt signaling on self-renewal versus differentiation.
Author Merrill, Bradley J
AuthorAffiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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Snippet Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can generate all of the cell types found in the adult organism. Remarkably, they retain this ability even after many cell divisions...
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SubjectTerms Animals
beta Catenin - metabolism
beta Catenin - physiology
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Differentiation
Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Mice
Models, Genetic
Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Signal Transduction - physiology
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription Factors - physiology
Wnt Proteins - genetics
Wnt Proteins - metabolism
Wnt Proteins - physiology
Title Wnt pathway regulation of embryonic stem cell self-renewal
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22952393
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