Leaching Methods Can Underestimate Mineralization Potential of Soils

Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of...

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Published inCommunications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Vol. 47; no. 13-14; pp. 1701 - 1708
Main Authors Mulvaney, Richard L., Otto, Rafael, Griesheim, Kelsey L., Su, Kai, Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Philadelphia Taylor & Francis 05.08.2016
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
air drying
Alfisols
Ammonium
ammonium compounds
ammonium nitrogen
Biological N availability index
Brazil
Calcium chloride
Histosols
Illinois
Leaching
mineral N production
Mineralization
Mollisols
N fertilizer requirement
net mineralization
nitrates
nitrites
nitrogen
Nitrogen dioxide
Oxisols
potassium chloride
soil incubation
temperate soils
USA, Illinois
ASW, Brazil
Brazil
Illinois
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Abstract Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of exchangeable ammonium (NH 4 + )-N and nitrate + nitrite (NO 3 − + NO 2 - )-N, relative to conventional extractions using 2 M potassium chloride (KCl). Ten air-dried soils were used, five each from Illinois and Brazil, that had been amended with NH 4 + -N (1 g kg −1 ) and NO 3 - -N (0.6 g kg −1 ). Both methods were in good agreement for inorganic N analysis of the Brazilian Oxisols, whereas leaching was significantly lower by 12-48% in recovering exchangeable NH 4 + -N from Illinois Alfisols, Mollisols, and Histosols. The potential for underestimating net N mineralization was confirmed by a 12-wk incubation experiment showing 9-86% of mineral N recoveries from three temperate soils as exchangeable NH 4 + .
AbstractList Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl sub(2)), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of exchangeable ammonium (NH sub(4) super(+))-N and nitrate + nitrite (NO sub(3) super(-)+ NO sub(2) super(-))-N, relative to conventional extractions using 2 M potassium chloride (KCl). Ten air-dried soils were used, five each from Illinois and Brazil, that had been amended with NH sub(4) super(+)-N (1 g kg super(-1)) and NO sub(3) super(-)-N (0.6 g kg super(-1)). Both methods were in good agreement for inorganic N analysis of the Brazilian Oxisols, whereas leaching was significantly lower by 12-48% in recovering exchangeable NH sub(4) super(+)-N from Illinois Alfisols, Mollisols, and Histosols. The potential for underestimating net N mineralization was confirmed by a 12-wk incubation experiment showing 9-86% of mineral N recoveries from three temperate soils as exchangeable NH sub(4) super(+).
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl2), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of exchangeable ammonium (NH4+)-N and nitrate + nitrite (NO3-+ NO2-)-N, relative to conventional extractions using 2 M potassium chloride (KCl). Ten air-dried soils were used, five each from Illinois and Brazil, that had been amended with NH4+-N (1 g kg-1) and NO3--N (0.6 g kg-1). Both methods were in good agreement for inorganic N analysis of the Brazilian Oxisols, whereas leaching was significantly lower by 12-48% in recovering exchangeable NH4+-N from Illinois Alfisols, Mollisols, and Histosols. The potential for underestimating net N mineralization was confirmed by a 12-wk incubation experiment showing 9-86% of mineral N recoveries from three temperate soils as exchangeable NH4+.
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl ₂), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of exchangeable ammonium (NH ₄⁺)-N and nitrate + nitrite (NO ₃⁻+ NO ₂–)-N, relative to conventional extractions using 2 M potassium chloride (KCl). Ten air-dried soils were used, five each from Illinois and Brazil, that had been amended with NH ₄⁺-N (1 g kg ⁻¹) and NO ₃–-N (0.6 g kg ⁻¹). Both methods were in good agreement for inorganic N analysis of the Brazilian Oxisols, whereas leaching was significantly lower by 12–48% in recovering exchangeable NH ₄⁺-N from Illinois Alfisols, Mollisols, and Histosols. The potential for underestimating net N mineralization was confirmed by a 12-wk incubation experiment showing 9–86% of mineral N recoveries from three temperate soils as exchangeable NH ₄⁺.
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), so as to remove mineral N that would otherwise be subject to immobilization. A study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of leaching for analysis of exchangeable ammonium (NH 4 + )-N and nitrate + nitrite (NO 3 − + NO 2 - )-N, relative to conventional extractions using 2 M potassium chloride (KCl). Ten air-dried soils were used, five each from Illinois and Brazil, that had been amended with NH 4 + -N (1 g kg −1 ) and NO 3 - -N (0.6 g kg −1 ). Both methods were in good agreement for inorganic N analysis of the Brazilian Oxisols, whereas leaching was significantly lower by 12-48% in recovering exchangeable NH 4 + -N from Illinois Alfisols, Mollisols, and Histosols. The potential for underestimating net N mineralization was confirmed by a 12-wk incubation experiment showing 9-86% of mineral N recoveries from three temperate soils as exchangeable NH 4 + .
Author Otto, Rafael
Griesheim, Kelsey L.
Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
Su, Kai
Mulvaney, Richard L.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Richard L.
  surname: Mulvaney
  fullname: Mulvaney, Richard L.
  email: mulvaney@illinois.edu
  organization: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois
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  givenname: Rafael
  surname: Otto
  fullname: Otto, Rafael
  organization: Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo
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  organization: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois
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  surname: Su
  fullname: Su, Kai
  organization: Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University
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  givenname: Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
  surname: Trivelin
  fullname: Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
  organization: Laboratory of Stable Isotopes, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo
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Snippet Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), so as to...
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl2), so as to...
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl sub(2)), so as...
Aerobic incubations to estimate net nitrogen (N) mineralization typically involve periodic leaching of soil with 0.01 M calcium chloride (CaCl ₂), so as to...
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SubjectTerms air drying
Alfisols
Ammonium
ammonium compounds
ammonium nitrogen
Biological N availability index
Brazil
Calcium chloride
Histosols
Illinois
Leaching
mineral N production
Mineralization
Mollisols
N fertilizer requirement
net mineralization
nitrates
nitrites
nitrogen
Nitrogen dioxide
Oxisols
potassium chloride
soil incubation
temperate soils
Title Leaching Methods Can Underestimate Mineralization Potential of Soils
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