A fast chemical oxidation method for predicting the long-term mineralization of biochar in soils
Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here,...
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| Published in | The Science of the total environment Vol. 718; p. 137390 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
20.05.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different 13C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K2Cr2O7 (0.1 M) with different H+ concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R2 > 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils.
[Display omitted]
•The fraction of biochar-carbon oxidized by a solution with 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 hours, was very closely correlated (R2> 0.99) with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale.•H/C and O/C were not accurate for predicting stability of biochar in soil.•Mineralization rate of biochar was more sensitive to inherent stability of biochar than to soil type, especially for biochars produced at above 300 °C. |
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| AbstractList | Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different
C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K
Cr
O
(0.1 M) with different H
concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K
Cr
O
and 0.2 M H
at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R
> 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils. Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different 13C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K2Cr2O7 (0.1 M) with different H+ concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R2 > 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils. [Display omitted] •The fraction of biochar-carbon oxidized by a solution with 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 hours, was very closely correlated (R2> 0.99) with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale.•H/C and O/C were not accurate for predicting stability of biochar in soil.•Mineralization rate of biochar was more sensitive to inherent stability of biochar than to soil type, especially for biochars produced at above 300 °C. Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different 13C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K2Cr2O7 (0.1 M) with different H+ concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R2 > 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils.Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different 13C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K2Cr2O7 (0.1 M) with different H+ concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 and 0.2 M H+ at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R2 > 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils. Biochar stability determines the effectiveness of biochar's functions such as carbon sequestration, soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement and soil pollution remediation. However, a fast method for accurately predicting biochar long-term stability in soil remains elusive. Here, firstly, an incubation experiment was conducted on mineralization dynamics of different ¹³C-labelled biochars over 368 days to explore their actual mineralization in soils and establish their mineralization model. Thereafter, ten treatments of fast chemical oxidation methods using K₂Cr₂O₇ (0.1 M) with different H⁺ concentrations and oxidation times were applied to the biochars to reveal which method best matches the mineralization of biochar in soils. Results showed that the percentage of biochar‑carbon oxidized by the solution containing 0.1 M K₂Cr₂O₇ and 0.2 M H⁺ at 100 °C for 2 h was in accordance with the one that potentially would be mineralized in soils at a 100-year scale (R² > 0.99; REMS = 2.53; RD = 15.3). The results provided a chemical oxidation method that was robust, effective, low cost and highly available for measuring the long-term stability of biochar in soils. |
| ArticleNumber | 137390 |
| Author | Liu, Gang Zhu, Jianguo Lin, Xingwu Wang, Hui Sun, Xiaoli Zhang, Yanhui Jin, Haiyang Liu, Benjuan Liu, Qi Lin, Zhibin Xie, Zubin Wang, Xiaojie Hu, Tianlong Bei, Qicheng |
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| SubjectTerms | Biochar Carbon Carbon Sequestration Charcoal Chemical oxidation isotope labeling Mineralization oxidation Oxidation-Reduction prediction protons remediation Soil soil fertility soil pollution soil structure Stability Stable isotope stable isotopes Time Factors |
| Title | A fast chemical oxidation method for predicting the long-term mineralization of biochar in soils |
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