Polyhalogenated compounds (chlorinated paraffins, novel and classic flame retardants, POPs) in dishcloths after their regular use in households

Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 d...

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Published inThe Science of the total environment Vol. 595; pp. 303 - 314
Main Authors Gallistl, Christoph, Lok, Bianca, Schlienz, Annika, Vetter, Walter
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2017
Subjects
Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
Dishcloths
Environmental Monitoring
ethane
exposure pathways
Flame Retardants - analysis
gloves
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Halogenated flame retardants
hexabromocyclododecane
hexachlorobenzene
Household Articles
households
humans
Hydrocarbons, Brominated
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - analysis
Indoor environment
kitchens
lindane
Novel BFRs
Paraffin - analysis
persistent organic pollutants
polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Polyhalogenated compounds
Skin adsorption
Textiles - analysis
Halogenated flame retardants
Polyhalogenated compounds
Novel BFRs
Indoor environment
Dishcloths
Skin adsorption
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Abstract Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 dishcloths revealed the presence of 29 polyhalogenated contaminants with total mean/median concentrations of 6,900/3,600ng/dishcloth, respectively. The spectrum featured classic and novel halogenated flame-retardants (HFRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), chlordene plus and dechlorane plus, as well as typical chloropesticides and background contaminants (e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (p,p′-DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lindane). The individual dishcloths showed highly variable fingerprints of polyhalogenated compounds. If present, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were by far the most prominent compound class with up to 55,400ng/dishcloth. Without consideration of chlorinated paraffins, the mean concentration of other polychlorinated compounds (270ng/dishcloth) was generally one order of magnitude lower than the mean concentration of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (1,700ng/dishcloth). Our study verified that a wide range of polyhalogenated compounds is readily available in the kitchen environment. Furthermore, dishcloths are ordinarily handled without gloves or hand protection, given the observed concentrations of polyhalogenated compounds in dishcloths, such handling may serve as an additional exposure pathway for human users. Evaluation of this thesis was supported by conduction of a dermal uptake assessment. [Display omitted] •Dishcloths are used in the kitchen for cleaning surfaces after cooking and eating.•After 14days of use dishcloths (n=19) were analyzed on polyhalogenated compounds.•Twenty-nine polyhalogenated compounds or compound classes were quantified.•Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins dominated with levels of up to 55μg/dishcloth.•Skin uptake of detected compounds was estimated by a skin absorption assessment.
AbstractList Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 dishcloths revealed the presence of 29 polyhalogenated contaminants with total mean/median concentrations of 6,900/3,600ng/dishcloth, respectively. The spectrum featured classic and novel halogenated flame-retardants (HFRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), chlordene plus and dechlorane plus, as well as typical chloropesticides and background contaminants (e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (p,p'-DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lindane). The individual dishcloths showed highly variable fingerprints of polyhalogenated compounds. If present, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were by far the most prominent compound class with up to 55,400ng/dishcloth. Without consideration of chlorinated paraffins, the mean concentration of other polychlorinated compounds (270ng/dishcloth) was generally one order of magnitude lower than the mean concentration of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (1,700ng/dishcloth). Our study verified that a wide range of polyhalogenated compounds is readily available in the kitchen environment. Furthermore, dishcloths are ordinarily handled without gloves or hand protection, given the observed concentrations of polyhalogenated compounds in dishcloths, such handling may serve as an additional exposure pathway for human users. Evaluation of this thesis was supported by conduction of a dermal uptake assessment.
Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 dishcloths revealed the presence of 29 polyhalogenated contaminants with total mean/median concentrations of 6,900/3,600ng/dishcloth, respectively. The spectrum featured classic and novel halogenated flame-retardants (HFRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), chlordene plus and dechlorane plus, as well as typical chloropesticides and background contaminants (e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (p,p′-DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lindane). The individual dishcloths showed highly variable fingerprints of polyhalogenated compounds. If present, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were by far the most prominent compound class with up to 55,400ng/dishcloth. Without consideration of chlorinated paraffins, the mean concentration of other polychlorinated compounds (270ng/dishcloth) was generally one order of magnitude lower than the mean concentration of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (1,700ng/dishcloth). Our study verified that a wide range of polyhalogenated compounds is readily available in the kitchen environment. Furthermore, dishcloths are ordinarily handled without gloves or hand protection, given the observed concentrations of polyhalogenated compounds in dishcloths, such handling may serve as an additional exposure pathway for human users. Evaluation of this thesis was supported by conduction of a dermal uptake assessment. [Display omitted] •Dishcloths are used in the kitchen for cleaning surfaces after cooking and eating.•After 14days of use dishcloths (n=19) were analyzed on polyhalogenated compounds.•Twenty-nine polyhalogenated compounds or compound classes were quantified.•Medium-chain chlorinated paraffins dominated with levels of up to 55μg/dishcloth.•Skin uptake of detected compounds was estimated by a skin absorption assessment.
Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 dishcloths revealed the presence of 29 polyhalogenated contaminants with total mean/median concentrations of 6,900/3,600ng/dishcloth, respectively. The spectrum featured classic and novel halogenated flame-retardants (HFRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), chlordene plus and dechlorane plus, as well as typical chloropesticides and background contaminants (e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (p,p'-DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lindane). The individual dishcloths showed highly variable fingerprints of polyhalogenated compounds. If present, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were by far the most prominent compound class with up to 55,400ng/dishcloth. Without consideration of chlorinated paraffins, the mean concentration of other polychlorinated compounds (270ng/dishcloth) was generally one order of magnitude lower than the mean concentration of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (1,700ng/dishcloth). Our study verified that a wide range of polyhalogenated compounds is readily available in the kitchen environment. Furthermore, dishcloths are ordinarily handled without gloves or hand protection, given the observed concentrations of polyhalogenated compounds in dishcloths, such handling may serve as an additional exposure pathway for human users. Evaluation of this thesis was supported by conduction of a dermal uptake assessment.Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent use. Here we analyzed dishcloths for the occurrence of polyhalogenated compounds after 14days of use in household kitchens. Analysis of 19 dishcloths revealed the presence of 29 polyhalogenated contaminants with total mean/median concentrations of 6,900/3,600ng/dishcloth, respectively. The spectrum featured classic and novel halogenated flame-retardants (HFRs) like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), chlordene plus and dechlorane plus, as well as typical chloropesticides and background contaminants (e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (p,p'-DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and lindane). The individual dishcloths showed highly variable fingerprints of polyhalogenated compounds. If present, medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) were by far the most prominent compound class with up to 55,400ng/dishcloth. Without consideration of chlorinated paraffins, the mean concentration of other polychlorinated compounds (270ng/dishcloth) was generally one order of magnitude lower than the mean concentration of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) (1,700ng/dishcloth). Our study verified that a wide range of polyhalogenated compounds is readily available in the kitchen environment. Furthermore, dishcloths are ordinarily handled without gloves or hand protection, given the observed concentrations of polyhalogenated compounds in dishcloths, such handling may serve as an additional exposure pathway for human users. Evaluation of this thesis was supported by conduction of a dermal uptake assessment.
Author Gallistl, Christoph
Lok, Bianca
Schlienz, Annika
Vetter, Walter
Author_xml – sequence: 1
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-9887-3365
  surname: Gallistl
  fullname: Gallistl, Christoph
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  givenname: Bianca
  surname: Lok
  fullname: Lok, Bianca
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  givenname: Annika
  surname: Schlienz
  fullname: Schlienz, Annika
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Walter
  surname: Vetter
  fullname: Vetter, Walter
  email: walter.vetter@uni-hohenheim.de
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384585$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Halogenated flame retardants
Polyhalogenated compounds
Novel BFRs
Indoor environment
Dishcloths
Skin adsorption
Language English
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Snippet Dishcloths are routinely used in the clean-up process following daily kitchen activities and are thus subject to contamination commensurate with their frequent...
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SubjectTerms Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
Dishcloths
Environmental Monitoring
ethane
exposure pathways
Flame Retardants - analysis
gloves
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
Halogenated flame retardants
hexabromocyclododecane
hexachlorobenzene
Household Articles
households
humans
Hydrocarbons, Brominated
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated - analysis
Indoor environment
kitchens
lindane
Novel BFRs
Paraffin - analysis
persistent organic pollutants
polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Polyhalogenated compounds
Skin adsorption
Textiles - analysis
Title Polyhalogenated compounds (chlorinated paraffins, novel and classic flame retardants, POPs) in dishcloths after their regular use in households
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.217
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384585
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1885951400
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2000410653
Volume 595
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