Invasion potential of hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespa spp.)

Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies u...

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Published inFrontiers in insect science Vol. 3; p. 1145158
Main Authors Otis, Gard W., Taylor, Benjamin A., Mattila, Heather R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 09.05.2023
Subjects
Insect Science
extinction vortex
giant hornet
propagule pressure
Asian hornet
invasion potential
Vespa
invasive species
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2673-8600
2673-8600
DOI10.3389/finsc.2023.1145158

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Abstract Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies using local food and nest materials. Of the 22 species in the genus Vespa , five species are now naturalized far from their endemic populations and another four have been detected either in nature or during inspections at borders of other countries. By far the most likely pathway of long-distance dispersal is the transport of gynes in transoceanic shipments of goods. Thereafter, natural dispersal of gynes in spring and accidental local transport by humans cause shorter-range expansions and contribute to the invasion process. Propagule pressure of hornets is unquantified, although it is likely low but unrelenting. The success of introduced populations is limited by low propagule size and the consequences of genetic founder effects, including the extinction vortex linked to single-locus, complementary sex determination of most hymenopterans. Invasion success is enhanced by climatic similarity between source locality and introduction site, as well as genetic diversity conferred by polyandry in some species. These and other factors that may have influenced the successful establishment of invasive populations of V. velutina , V. tropica , V. bicolor , V. orientalis , and V. crabro are discussed. The highly publicized detections of V. mandarinia in North America and research into its status provide a real-time example of an unfolding hornet invasion.
AbstractList Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies using local food and nest materials. Of the 22 species in the genus , five species are now naturalized far from their endemic populations and another four have been detected either in nature or during inspections at borders of other countries. By far the most likely pathway of long-distance dispersal is the transport of gynes in transoceanic shipments of goods. Thereafter, natural dispersal of gynes in spring and accidental local transport by humans cause shorter-range expansions and contribute to the invasion process. Propagule pressure of hornets is unquantified, although it is likely low but unrelenting. The success of introduced populations is limited by low propagule size and the consequences of genetic founder effects, including the extinction vortex linked to single-locus, complementary sex determination of most hymenopterans. Invasion success is enhanced by climatic similarity between source locality and introduction site, as well as genetic diversity conferred by polyandry in some species. These and other factors that may have influenced the successful establishment of invasive populations of , , , , and are discussed. The highly publicized detections of in North America and research into its status provide a real-time example of an unfolding hornet invasion.
Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies using local food and nest materials. Of the 22 species in the genus Vespa, five species are now naturalized far from their endemic populations and another four have been detected either in nature or during inspections at borders of other countries. By far the most likely pathway of long-distance dispersal is the transport of gynes in transoceanic shipments of goods. Thereafter, natural dispersal of gynes in spring and accidental local transport by humans cause shorter-range expansions and contribute to the invasion process. Propagule pressure of hornets is unquantified, although it is likely low but unrelenting. The success of introduced populations is limited by low propagule size and the consequences of genetic founder effects, including the extinction vortex linked to single-locus, complementary sex determination of most hymenopterans. Invasion success is enhanced by climatic similarity between source locality and introduction site, as well as genetic diversity conferred by polyandry in some species. These and other factors that may have influenced the successful establishment of invasive populations of V. velutina, V. tropica, V. bicolor, V. orientalis, and V. crabro are discussed. The highly publicized detections of V. mandarinia in North America and research into its status provide a real-time example of an unfolding hornet invasion.Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies using local food and nest materials. Of the 22 species in the genus Vespa, five species are now naturalized far from their endemic populations and another four have been detected either in nature or during inspections at borders of other countries. By far the most likely pathway of long-distance dispersal is the transport of gynes in transoceanic shipments of goods. Thereafter, natural dispersal of gynes in spring and accidental local transport by humans cause shorter-range expansions and contribute to the invasion process. Propagule pressure of hornets is unquantified, although it is likely low but unrelenting. The success of introduced populations is limited by low propagule size and the consequences of genetic founder effects, including the extinction vortex linked to single-locus, complementary sex determination of most hymenopterans. Invasion success is enhanced by climatic similarity between source locality and introduction site, as well as genetic diversity conferred by polyandry in some species. These and other factors that may have influenced the successful establishment of invasive populations of V. velutina, V. tropica, V. bicolor, V. orientalis, and V. crabro are discussed. The highly publicized detections of V. mandarinia in North America and research into its status provide a real-time example of an unfolding hornet invasion.
Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations. Mated, diapausing females (gynes) can easily be transported to new habitats, where their behavioral flexibility allows them to found colonies using local food and nest materials. Of the 22 species in the genus Vespa , five species are now naturalized far from their endemic populations and another four have been detected either in nature or during inspections at borders of other countries. By far the most likely pathway of long-distance dispersal is the transport of gynes in transoceanic shipments of goods. Thereafter, natural dispersal of gynes in spring and accidental local transport by humans cause shorter-range expansions and contribute to the invasion process. Propagule pressure of hornets is unquantified, although it is likely low but unrelenting. The success of introduced populations is limited by low propagule size and the consequences of genetic founder effects, including the extinction vortex linked to single-locus, complementary sex determination of most hymenopterans. Invasion success is enhanced by climatic similarity between source locality and introduction site, as well as genetic diversity conferred by polyandry in some species. These and other factors that may have influenced the successful establishment of invasive populations of V. velutina , V. tropica , V. bicolor , V. orientalis , and V. crabro are discussed. The highly publicized detections of V. mandarinia in North America and research into its status provide a real-time example of an unfolding hornet invasion.
Author Mattila, Heather R.
Otis, Gard W.
Taylor, Benjamin A.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope , Bern , Switzerland
1 School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada
3 Department of Entomology, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN , United States
4 Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College , Wellesley, MA , United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope , Bern , Switzerland
– name: 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College , Wellesley, MA , United States
– name: 1 School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, ON , Canada
– name: 3 Department of Entomology, Purdue University , West Lafayette, IN , United States
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Gard W.
  surname: Otis
  fullname: Otis, Gard W.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Benjamin A.
  surname: Taylor
  fullname: Taylor, Benjamin A.
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Heather R.
  surname: Mattila
  fullname: Mattila, Heather R.
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ContentType Journal Article
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Keywords extinction vortex
giant hornet
propagule pressure
Asian hornet
invasion potential
Vespa
invasive species
Language English
License Copyright © 2023 Otis, Taylor and Mattila.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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Edited by: Xesús Feás, Academy of Veterinary Sciences of Galicia, Spain
ORCID: Gard W. Otis, orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-9013; Benjamin A. Taylor, orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-0484; Heather R. Mattila, orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-1688
Reviewed by: Simone Lioy, Independent researcher, Turin, Italy; Hannah J. Penn, Agricultural Research Service (USDA), United States; Laura Bortolotti, Council for Agricultural and Economics Research (CREA), Italy
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PublicationTitle Frontiers in insect science
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Snippet Hornets are large, predatory wasps that have the potential to alter biotic communities and harm honey bee colonies once established in non-native locations....
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Title Invasion potential of hornets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespa spp.)
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10926419
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