Life History and Population Dynamics of Green Crabs (Carcinus maenas)

Carcinus maenas (the “shore crab” or “European green crab”) is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invaders by the IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has...

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Published inFishes Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 4
Main Authors Young, Alan M., Elliott, James A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.03.2020
Subjects
Animal behavior
Argentina
Australia
Biology
Breeding
Carcinus maenas
Crustaceans
Decapoda
Developmental stages
diet
Ecological distribution
Ecosystem dynamics
ecosystems
El Nino
Estuaries
Europe
european green crab
euryhaline species
Euryhalinity
genetic variation
Habitat preferences
Habitat selection
habitats
Harbors
Introduced species
Invasive species
Larvae
Larval development
Larval stage
Life history
Marine crustaceans
Mythology
Ocean currents
omnivores
Phenotypic plasticity
Physiology
Population
Population dynamics
Population studies
Salinity tolerance
salt tolerance
shore crab
Shores
South Africa
Temperature
Temperature requirements
Temperature tolerance
Tolerances (dimensional)
Oregon
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
Europe
Africa
British Columbia Canada
England
California
Iceland
Vancouver Island
Canada
Norway
Nova Scotia Canada
Puget Sound
Salish Sea
South Africa
Argentina
Australia
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Abstract Carcinus maenas (the “shore crab” or “European green crab”) is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invaders by the IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has established two well-studied nonindigenous populations in the northwestern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific and less-studied populations in Australia, Argentina and South Africa. Green crabs are eurythermal and euryhaline as adults, but they are limited to temperate coastlines due to more restrictive temperature requirements for breeding and larval development. They cannot tolerate wave-swept open shores so are found in wave-protected sheltered bays, estuaries and harbors. Carcinus maenas has been the subject of numerous papers, with over 1000 published in the past decade. This review provides an up-to-date account of the current published information on the life history and population dynamics of this very important species, including genetic differentiation, habitat preferences, physical parameter tolerances, reproduction and larval development, sizes of crabs, densities of populations, sex ratios, ecosystem dynamics and ecological impacts in the various established global populations of green crabs.
AbstractList Carcinus maenas (the “shore crab” or “European green crab”) is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invaders by the IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has established two well-studied nonindigenous populations in the northwestern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific and less-studied populations in Australia, Argentina and South Africa. Green crabs are eurythermal and euryhaline as adults, but they are limited to temperate coastlines due to more restrictive temperature requirements for breeding and larval development. They cannot tolerate wave-swept open shores so are found in wave-protected sheltered bays, estuaries and harbors. Carcinus maenas has been the subject of numerous papers, with over 1000 published in the past decade. This review provides an up-to-date account of the current published information on the life history and population dynamics of this very important species, including genetic differentiation, habitat preferences, physical parameter tolerances, reproduction and larval development, sizes of crabs, densities of populations, sex ratios, ecosystem dynamics and ecological impacts in the various established global populations of green crabs.
Author Young, Alan M.
Elliott, James A.
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  surname: Elliott
  fullname: Elliott, James A.
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Snippet Carcinus maenas (the “shore crab” or “European green crab”) is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invaders by the IUCN)...
Carcinus maenas (the "shore crab" or "European green crab") is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world's 100 worst invaders by the IUCN)...
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SubjectTerms Animal behavior
Argentina
Australia
Biology
Breeding
Carcinus maenas
Crustaceans
Decapoda
Developmental stages
diet
Ecological distribution
Ecosystem dynamics
ecosystems
El Nino
Estuaries
Europe
european green crab
euryhaline species
Euryhalinity
genetic variation
Habitat preferences
Habitat selection
habitats
Harbors
Introduced species
Invasive species
Larvae
Larval development
Larval stage
Life history
Marine crustaceans
Mythology
Ocean currents
omnivores
Phenotypic plasticity
Physiology
Population
Population dynamics
Population studies
Salinity tolerance
salt tolerance
shore crab
Shores
South Africa
Temperature
Temperature requirements
Temperature tolerance
Tolerances (dimensional)
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Title Life History and Population Dynamics of Green Crabs (Carcinus maenas)
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