Food Intake and Dietary Glycaemic Index in Free-Living Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intak...

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Published inNutrients Vol. 3; no. 6; pp. 683 - 693
Main Authors McGeoch, Susan C., Holtrop, Grietje, Fyfe, Claire, Lobley, Gerald E., Pearson, Donald W. M., Abraham, Prakash, Megson, Ian L., MacRury, Sandra M., Johnstone, Alexandra M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.06.2011
MDPI
Subjects
Aged
Carbohydrates
Case-Control Studies
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diet
Diet Records
Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage
Edible Grain
Electronic mail systems
Energy Intake
Female
Food
Food Handling
Fruit
Glycemic Index
Humans
Male
Medical screening
Middle Aged
Nutrients
Nutrition
Nutrition Policy
Questionnaires
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - administration & dosage
United Kingdom
Vegetables
United Kingdom > UK
Scotland
type 2 diabetes mellitus
diet
food intake
glycaemic index
lifestyle
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI10.3390/nu3060683

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Abstract A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations. Conclusions: Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.
AbstractList A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations. Conclusions: Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.
A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations. Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.
A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group ( n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group ( n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations. Conclusions: Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.
A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations.UNLABELLEDA recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are limited UK data regarding the dietary GI in free-living adults with and without T2DM. We measured the energy and macronutrient intake and the dietary GI in a group (n = 19) of individuals with diet controlled T2DM and a group (n = 19) without diabetes, matched for age, BMI and gender. Subjects completed a three-day weighed dietary record. Patients with T2DM consumed more daily portions of wholegrains (2.3 vs. 1.1, P = 0.003), more dietary fibre (32.1 vs. 20.9 g, P < 0.001) and had a lower diet GI (53.5 vs. 57.7, P = 0.009) than subjects without T2DM. Both groups had elevated fat and salt intake and low fruit and vegetable intake, relative to current UK recommendations.Patients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.CONCLUSIONSPatients with T2DM may already consume a lower GI diet than the general population but further efforts are needed to reduce dietary GI and achieve other nutrient targets.
Author Megson, Ian L.
MacRury, Sandra M.
Holtrop, Grietje
Johnstone, Alexandra M.
McGeoch, Susan C.
Abraham, Prakash
Fyfe, Claire
Lobley, Gerald E.
Pearson, Donald W. M.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK; Email: g.holtrop@abdn.ac.uk
4 Department of Diabetes & Cardiovascular Science, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK; Email: ian.megson@uhi.ac.uk (I.L.M.); sandra.macrury@uhi.ac.uk (S.M.M.)
1 Department of Diabetes, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK; Email: donald.pearson@nhs.net (D.W.M.P.); p.abraham@nhs.net (P.A.)
3 The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK; Email: c.fyfe@abdn.ac.uk (C.F.); g.lobley@abdn.ac.uk (G.E.L.); alex.johnstone@abdn.ac.uk (A.M.J.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Diabetes, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK; Email: donald.pearson@nhs.net (D.W.M.P.); p.abraham@nhs.net (P.A.)
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– name: 3 The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK; Email: c.fyfe@abdn.ac.uk (C.F.); g.lobley@abdn.ac.uk (G.E.L.); alex.johnstone@abdn.ac.uk (A.M.J.)
– name: 4 Department of Diabetes & Cardiovascular Science, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness IV2 3JH, UK; Email: ian.megson@uhi.ac.uk (I.L.M.); sandra.macrury@uhi.ac.uk (S.M.M.)
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Issue 6
Keywords type 2 diabetes mellitus
diet
food intake
glycaemic index
lifestyle
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Snippet A recent Cochrane review concluded that low glycaemic index (GI) diets are beneficial in glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)....
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SubjectTerms Aged
Carbohydrates
Case-Control Studies
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diet
Diet Records
Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage
Edible Grain
Electronic mail systems
Energy Intake
Female
Food
Food Handling
Fruit
Glycemic Index
Humans
Male
Medical screening
Middle Aged
Nutrients
Nutrition
Nutrition Policy
Questionnaires
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - administration & dosage
United Kingdom
Vegetables
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Title Food Intake and Dietary Glycaemic Index in Free-Living Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22254116
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Volume 3
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