Endogenously released GIP reduces and GLP-1 increases hepatic insulin extraction

• Published in: Peptides (New York, N.Y. : 1980) Vol. 125; p. 170231
• Main Authors: Keyhani-Nejad, Farnaz, Barbosa Yanez, Renate Luisa, Kemper, Margrit, Schueler, Rita, Pivovarova-Ramich, Olga, Rudovich, Natalia, Pfeiffer, Andreas F.H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2020
• Subjects: Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology; fatty liver; Female; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide - pharmacology; GIP; glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - pharmacology; glucose; Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; Glycemic index; Hepatic insulin clearance; homeostasis; hormone secretion; Humans; Incretins - pharmacology; insulin; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin Resistance; Isomaltose - administration & dosage; Isomaltose - analogs & derivatives; Isomaltulose; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Male; mice; Middle Aged; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; peptides; Sucrose; Sucrose - administration & dosage; Western diets; T2DM; Isomaltulose; NAFLD; GLP-1; HIC; Hepatic insulin clearance; Sucrose; Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; Glycemic index; GIP; iAUC; IGT; NGT

•The induction of fatty liver and insulin resistance by sucrose requires GIP receptors and is prevented by the similarly composed but distally absorbed glucose-fructose dimer, isomaltulose, which releases little GIP but much GLP-1.•Hepatic insulin clearance is improved in humans by isomaltulose as c...