Oil characteristics of genetically improved cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi): An assessment of a cajuput breeding program in Indonesia
Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While breeding program have aimed to improve oil yield and 1,8-cineole content, there is notable absence of research integrating genetic improvements with advan...
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| Published in | Forest science and technology Vol. 21; no. 3; pp. 243 - 253 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Seoul
Taylor & Francis
03.07.2025
Taylor & Francis Ltd Taylor & Francis Group |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2158-0103 2158-0715 |
| DOI | 10.1080/21580103.2025.2510261 |
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| Abstract | Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While breeding program have aimed to improve oil yield and 1,8-cineole content, there is notable absence of research integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques to comprehensively evaluate oil quality and plantation site suitability. This study addresses this gap by assessing the chemical composition, purity, and physicochemical properties of cajuput oil derived from improved seeds, alongside evaluating plantation site suitability across diverse regions in Indonesia. The samples were collected from eight locations: Aceh Besar-Aceh, Pekanbaru-Riau, North Lampung-Lampung, Tanggamus-Lampung, Gunungkidul-Yogyakarta, Bojonegoro-East Java, Bima-West Nusa Tenggara (WNT), and Biak Numfor-Papua. Oil analysis was conducted using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), molecular distillation, and physicochemical tests, while soil chemical properties were analyzed to assess site suitability. The results revealed 80 chemical compounds dominated by 1,8-cineole (48.49 - 69.32%), followed by caryophyllene and terpineol. Molecular distillation increased 1,8-cineole content by 9.8 to 27.7% and adjusted the refractive index to meet Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Nine out of 21 samples conformed to SNI standard for all parameters. Soil analysis indicated suboptimal conditions in all locations due to nutrient deficiencies, low pH, and poor soil texture. However cajuput trees demonstrated strong adaptability to marginal soils. This study highlights the feasibility of integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques for sustainable cajuput oil production across diverse environmental conditions in Indonesia. It provides a foundation for optimizing plantation strategies and enhancing oil quality to meet growing market demands. |
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| AbstractList | Abstract Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While breeding program have aimed to improve oil yield and 1,8-cineole content, there is notable absence of research integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques to comprehensively evaluate oil quality and plantation site suitability. This study addresses this gap by assessing the chemical composition, purity, and physicochemical properties of cajuput oil derived from improved seeds, alongside evaluating plantation site suitability across diverse regions in Indonesia. The samples were collected from eight locations: Aceh Besar-Aceh, Pekanbaru-Riau, North Lampung-Lampung, Tanggamus-Lampung, Gunungkidul-Yogyakarta, Bojonegoro–East Java, Bima-West Nusa Tenggara (WNT), and Biak Numfor-Papua. Oil analysis was conducted using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), molecular distillation, and physicochemical tests, while soil chemical properties were analyzed to assess site suitability. The results revealed 80 chemical compounds dominated by 1,8-cineole (48.49 - 69.32%), followed by caryophyllene and terpineol. Molecular distillation increased 1,8-cineole content by 9.8 to 27.7% and adjusted the refractive index to meet Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Nine out of 21 samples conformed to SNI standard for all parameters. Soil analysis indicated suboptimal conditions in all locations due to nutrient deficiencies, low pH, and poor soil texture. However cajuput trees demonstrated strong adaptability to marginal soils. This study highlights the feasibility of integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques for sustainable cajuput oil production across diverse environmental conditions in Indonesia. It provides a foundation for optimizing plantation strategies and enhancing oil quality to meet growing market demands. Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While breeding program have aimed to improve oil yield and 1,8-cineole content, there is notable absence of research integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques to comprehensively evaluate oil quality and plantation site suitability. This study addresses this gap by assessing the chemical composition, purity, and physicochemical properties of cajuput oil derived from improved seeds, alongside evaluating plantation site suitability across diverse regions in Indonesia. The samples were collected from eight locations: Aceh Besar-Aceh, Pekanbaru-Riau, North Lampung-Lampung, Tanggamus-Lampung, Gunungkidul-Yogyakarta, Bojonegoro–East Java, Bima-West Nusa Tenggara (WNT), and Biak Numfor-Papua. Oil analysis was conducted using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), molecular distillation, and physicochemical tests, while soil chemical properties were analyzed to assess site suitability. The results revealed 80 chemical compounds dominated by 1,8-cineole (48.49 - 69.32%), followed by caryophyllene and terpineol. Molecular distillation increased 1,8-cineole content by 9.8 to 27.7% and adjusted the refractive index to meet Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Nine out of 21 samples conformed to SNI standard for all parameters. Soil analysis indicated suboptimal conditions in all locations due to nutrient deficiencies, low pH, and poor soil texture. However cajuput trees demonstrated strong adaptability to marginal soils. This study highlights the feasibility of integrating genetic improvements with advanced analytical techniques for sustainable cajuput oil production across diverse environmental conditions in Indonesia. It provides a foundation for optimizing plantation strategies and enhancing oil quality to meet growing market demands. |
| Author | Kartikawati, Noor Khomsah Haryjanto, Liliek Putri, Asri Insiana Sufriadi, Elly Nirsatmanto, Arif Sunarti, Sri Herawan, Toni Muhammad, Syaifullah Rimbawanto, Anto Lestari, Fajar Ginting, Binawati Riski, Cantika Dwi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Noor Khomsah surname: Kartikawati fullname: Kartikawati, Noor Khomsah organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 2 givenname: Anto surname: Rimbawanto fullname: Rimbawanto, Anto organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 3 givenname: Binawati surname: Ginting fullname: Ginting, Binawati organization: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala – sequence: 4 givenname: Syaifullah surname: Muhammad fullname: Muhammad, Syaifullah organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala – sequence: 5 givenname: Cantika Dwi surname: Riski fullname: Riski, Cantika Dwi organization: Atsiri Research Centre-PUIPT Nilam Aceh, Universitas Syiah Kuala – sequence: 6 givenname: Elly surname: Sufriadi fullname: Sufriadi, Elly organization: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala – sequence: 7 givenname: Arif surname: Nirsatmanto fullname: Nirsatmanto, Arif organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 8 givenname: Sri surname: Sunarti fullname: Sunarti, Sri organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 9 givenname: Asri Insiana surname: Putri fullname: Putri, Asri Insiana organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 10 givenname: Liliek surname: Haryjanto fullname: Haryjanto, Liliek organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 11 givenname: Toni surname: Herawan fullname: Herawan, Toni organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency – sequence: 12 givenname: Fajar surname: Lestari fullname: Lestari, Fajar organization: Applied Botany Research Centre, National Research and Innovation Agency |
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| Snippet | Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While breeding... Abstract Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) is an essential oil-producing tree with significant economic and medicinal value in Indonesia. While... |
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| SubjectTerms | Analytical techniques Breeding Cajuput oil Caryophyllene Chemical composition Chemical compound Chemical compounds Chemical properties Chromatography Cineole Distillation Environmental conditions Essential oils Feasibility studies Gas chromatography Genetic engineering Improved seed Indonesian National Standard Leaves Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Melaleuca cajuputi Myrtaceae Oils & fats Petroleum production Physicochemical properties Plantations Refractivity Research centers Scientific imaging Seeds Software Soil analysis Soil chemistry Soil properties Soil testing Soil texture Supply & demand Terpineol Texture Traditional medicine Tree improvement Trees Wnt protein |
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| Title | Oil characteristics of genetically improved cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi): An assessment of a cajuput breeding program in Indonesia |
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