Functions of mental imagery in expert golfers
This two-study article examines the functional aspects of the use of imagery and describes the relationship among function, content and characteristics of mental images used by expert golfers in different situations. In Study 1, three methods of interviews (field interviews self-confrontation interv...
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| Published in | Psychology of sport and exercise Vol. 11; no. 6; pp. 444 - 452 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.11.2010
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| Abstract | This two-study article examines the functional aspects of the use of imagery and describes the relationship among function, content and characteristics of mental images used by expert golfers in different situations.
In Study 1, three methods of interviews (field interviews self-confrontation interviews and focus group) were used with 21 expert golfers to collect data about their use of imagery. In Study 2, 31 expert golfers were exposed to different situations (task-involving vs. ego-involving situations, easy vs. difficult tasks conditions) in order to examine the links between: (a) the function and the content, and the function and the characteristics of their mental images, and (b) the situation and the function of their mental images.
Results indicated that one category of content (images of the outcome with an internal perspective) was principally used by all participants. Moreover, the expert golfers adapted the content and the characteristics of their images according to the function that was required by the situation. The influence of the situation on imagery use highlighted in Study 1 was not confirmed in Study 2.
Results confirm the links among function, content and characteristics of imagery postulated recently (
Fournier, Deremaux, & Bernier, 2008; Murphy, Nordin, & Cumming, 2008; Nordin & Cumming, 2005). Taking into consideration these functional links should enhance the relevance of future research and help the sport psychology practitioner to better understand athletes’ use of imagery. The influence of the situation on imagery use still requires further exploration. |
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| AbstractList | This two-study article examines the functional aspects of the use of imagery and describes the relationship among function, content and characteristics of mental images used by expert golfers in different situations.
In Study 1, three methods of interviews (field interviews self-confrontation interviews and focus group) were used with 21 expert golfers to collect data about their use of imagery. In Study 2, 31 expert golfers were exposed to different situations (task-involving vs. ego-involving situations, easy vs. difficult tasks conditions) in order to examine the links between: (a) the function and the content, and the function and the characteristics of their mental images, and (b) the situation and the function of their mental images.
Results indicated that one category of content (images of the outcome with an internal perspective) was principally used by all participants. Moreover, the expert golfers adapted the content and the characteristics of their images according to the function that was required by the situation. The influence of the situation on imagery use highlighted in Study 1 was not confirmed in Study 2.
Results confirm the links among function, content and characteristics of imagery postulated recently (
Fournier, Deremaux, & Bernier, 2008; Murphy, Nordin, & Cumming, 2008; Nordin & Cumming, 2005). Taking into consideration these functional links should enhance the relevance of future research and help the sport psychology practitioner to better understand athletes’ use of imagery. The influence of the situation on imagery use still requires further exploration. This two-study article examines the functional aspects of the use of imagery and describes the relationship among function, content and characteristics of mental images used by expert golfers in different situations. In Study 1, three methods of interviews (field interviews self-confrontation interviews and focus group) were used with 21 expert golfers to collect data about their use of imagery. In Study 2, 31 expert golfers were exposed to different situations (task-involving vs. ego-involving situations, easy vs. difficult tasks conditions) in order to examine the links between: (a) the function and the content, and the function and the characteristics of their mental images, and (b) the situation and the function of their mental images. Results indicated that one category of content (images of the outcome with an internal perspective) was principally used by all participants. Moreover, the expert golfers adapted the content and the characteristics of their images according to the function that was required by the situation. The influence of the situation on imagery use highlighted in Study 1 was not confirmed in Study 2. Results confirm the links among function, content and characteristics of imagery postulated recently (). Taking into consideration these functional links should enhance the relevance of future research and help the sport psychology practitioner to better understand athletes' use of imagery. The influence of the situation on imagery use still requires further exploration. |
| Author | Fournier, Jean F. Bernier, Marjorie |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marjorie surname: Bernier fullname: Bernier, Marjorie email: marjorie.bernier@insep.fr – sequence: 2 givenname: Jean F. surname: Fournier fullname: Fournier, Jean F. email: jean.fournier@insep.fr |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s10339_012_0438_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajsep_2022_08_001 crossref_primary_10_1177_1558689816674563 crossref_primary_10_3920_CEP170016 crossref_primary_10_1177_0276236617712005 crossref_primary_10_1515_jirspa_2021_0006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copsyc_2017_03_007 crossref_primary_10_1080_13636820_2015_1117522 crossref_primary_10_1177_1359105313506760 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psychsport_2014_07_004 crossref_primary_10_1051_sm_2013098 crossref_primary_10_1515_jirspa_2015_0006 |
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