Assessing the Role of Energy Storage in Multiple Energy Carriers toward Providing Ancillary Services: A Review

Renewable energy power plants and transport and heating electrification projects are being deployed to enable the replacement of fossil fuels as the primary energy source. This transition encourages distributed generation but makes the grid more weather-dependent, thus reducing its inertia. Simultan...

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Published inEnergies (Basel) Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 379
Main Authors Alpízar-Castillo, Joel, Ramirez-Elizondo, Laura, Bauer, Pavol
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.01.2023
Subjects
Alternative energy sources
Analysis
Ancillary services
Batteries
battery energy storage
Distributed generation
Distributed generation (Electric power)
Efficiency
Electric utilities
Electric vehicles
Electricity
Electrification
Energy consumption
Energy management
Energy resources
Energy sources
Energy storage
flexibility
Fossil fuels
Frequency stability
Fuel technology
Heating
Hydrogen fuels
multicarrier energy storage systems
Operators
Power plants
Renewable energy sources
Renewable resources
Reviews
Services
Stochasticity
Storage systems
Sustainable development
Thermal energy
thermal energy storage systems
Urban areas
Weathering
Netherlands
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Abstract Renewable energy power plants and transport and heating electrification projects are being deployed to enable the replacement of fossil fuels as the primary energy source. This transition encourages distributed generation but makes the grid more weather-dependent, thus reducing its inertia. Simultaneously, electrical network operators face voltage, frequency, and stability challenges at the distribution level. Networks were not designed to manage the stochasticity of renewable energy sources or the congestion caused by the new transport and heating demands. Such challenges are commonly addressed through infrastructure reinforcements. This review studies how energy storage systems with different carriers can provide a collaborative solution involving prosumers as ancillary services providers at the distribution level. We focused on the European urban context; thus, we analyzed renewable energy sources, batteries, supercapacitors, hydrogen fuel cells, thermal energy storage, and electric vehicles. A thorough review of successful implementations proved that including storage in one or more carriers benefits the distribution system operators and the prosumers, from both technical and economic perspectives. We propose a correlation between individual energy storage technologies and the ancillary services they can provide based on their responses to specific grid requirements. Therefore, distribution system operators can address network issues together with the prosumers. Nevertheless, attractive regulatory frameworks and business models are required to motivate prosumers to use their assets to support the grid. Further work is recommended to describe the joint operation of multiple storage technologies as multicarrier systems, focusing on the coupling of electrical and thermal energy storage. Additionally, how ancillary services affect the energy storage system’s aging should be studied.
AbstractList Renewable energy power plants and transport and heating electrification projects are being deployed to enable the replacement of fossil fuels as the primary energy source. This transition encourages distributed generation but makes the grid more weather-dependent, thus reducing its inertia. Simultaneously, electrical network operators face voltage, frequency, and stability challenges at the distribution level. Networks were not designed to manage the stochasticity of renewable energy sources or the congestion caused by the new transport and heating demands. Such challenges are commonly addressed through infrastructure reinforcements. This review studies how energy storage systems with different carriers can provide a collaborative solution involving prosumers as ancillary services providers at the distribution level. We focused on the European urban context; thus, we analyzed renewable energy sources, batteries, supercapacitors, hydrogen fuel cells, thermal energy storage, and electric vehicles. A thorough review of successful implementations proved that including storage in one or more carriers benefits the distribution system operators and the prosumers, from both technical and economic perspectives. We propose a correlation between individual energy storage technologies and the ancillary services they can provide based on their responses to specific grid requirements. Therefore, distribution system operators can address network issues together with the prosumers. Nevertheless, attractive regulatory frameworks and business models are required to motivate prosumers to use their assets to support the grid. Further work is recommended to describe the joint operation of multiple storage technologies as multicarrier systems, focusing on the coupling of electrical and thermal energy storage. Additionally, how ancillary services affect the energy storage system’s aging should be studied.
Audience Academic
Author Alpízar-Castillo, Joel
Ramirez-Elizondo, Laura
Bauer, Pavol
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  orcidid: 0000-0001-5669-1769
  surname: Ramirez-Elizondo
  fullname: Ramirez-Elizondo, Laura
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Pavol
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1171-9972
  surname: Bauer
  fullname: Bauer, Pavol
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Snippet Renewable energy power plants and transport and heating electrification projects are being deployed to enable the replacement of fossil fuels as the primary...
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SubjectTerms Alternative energy sources
Analysis
Ancillary services
Batteries
battery energy storage
Distributed generation
Distributed generation (Electric power)
Efficiency
Electric utilities
Electric vehicles
Electricity
Electrification
Energy consumption
Energy management
Energy resources
Energy sources
Energy storage
flexibility
Fossil fuels
Frequency stability
Fuel technology
Heating
Hydrogen fuels
multicarrier energy storage systems
Operators
Power plants
Renewable energy sources
Renewable resources
Reviews
Services
Stochasticity
Storage systems
Sustainable development
Thermal energy
thermal energy storage systems
Urban areas
Weathering
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Title Assessing the Role of Energy Storage in Multiple Energy Carriers toward Providing Ancillary Services: A Review
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