Biomass and net production of teak plantations in a dry tropical region in India
In an age series of teak plantations (4, 14 and 30 years old), raised in a dry tropical region in northern India, an analysis of the standing crop biomass and aboveground net production was made through non-descructive methods. Allometric regressions were developed relating girth to weights of bole...
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Published in | Forest ecology and management Vol. 55; no. 1; pp. 233 - 247 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.12.1992
Elsevier |
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Abstract | In an age series of teak plantations (4, 14 and 30 years old), raised in a dry tropical region in northern India, an analysis of the standing crop biomass and aboveground net production was made through non-descructive methods. Allometric regressions were developed relating girth to weights of bole wood, bole bark, branch, leaf and inflorescence. Annual girth increments were recorded. The aboveground biomass ranged from 25.7 to 76.9 t ha
−1. The proportion of woody biomass was 56% of the total at 4 years, increasing to 91% of the total by 30 years. On the contrary, the proportion of leaf biomass decreased from 34% of the total at 4 years to 7% at 30 years. Very high aboveground net production was obtained at 4 years (25.6 t ha
−1 year
−1), but net production decreased with age (14 and 12.9 t ha
−1 year
−1 at 14 and 30 years). The share of bole decreased from 54% of total net production at 4 years to 44% of the total at 30 years, with increase in age much less dark than wood was produced. The reproductive parts comprised 2% of biomass but accounted for 9% of net production at 30 years. At 30 years these plantations attained the level of biomass and net production found in uneven-aged natural dry deciduous forests of the same region. |
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AbstractList | In an age series of teak plantations (4, 14 and 30 years old), raised in a dry tropical region in northern India, an analysis of the standing crop biomass and aboveground net production was made through non-descructive methods. Allometric regressions were developed relating girth to weights of bole wood, bole bark, branch, leaf and inflorescence. Annual girth increments were recorded. The aboveground biomass ranged from 25.7 to 76.9 t ha
−1. The proportion of woody biomass was 56% of the total at 4 years, increasing to 91% of the total by 30 years. On the contrary, the proportion of leaf biomass decreased from 34% of the total at 4 years to 7% at 30 years. Very high aboveground net production was obtained at 4 years (25.6 t ha
−1 year
−1), but net production decreased with age (14 and 12.9 t ha
−1 year
−1 at 14 and 30 years). The share of bole decreased from 54% of total net production at 4 years to 44% of the total at 30 years, with increase in age much less dark than wood was produced. The reproductive parts comprised 2% of biomass but accounted for 9% of net production at 30 years. At 30 years these plantations attained the level of biomass and net production found in uneven-aged natural dry deciduous forests of the same region. |
Author | Karmacharya, S.B. Singh, K.P. |
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Cites_doi | 10.1139/x86-240 10.2307/1935453 10.1146/annurev.es.17.110186.000435 10.1016/S0031-4056(23)05831-6 10.2307/2260566 10.2307/1935749 10.1007/BF01416374 10.2307/2258214 10.2307/1934208 10.2307/2259928 |
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Keywords | Primary productivity Production quality Tropical zone Forest production Biomass Allometry Relative density Biological productivity Artificial forest stand Verbenaceae Semi arid zone Dicotyledones Angiospermae Above ground plant part Hardwood forest tree Spermatophyta Tectona grandis Non destructive control Age distribution |
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References | Singh (BIB21) 1983 Uhl, Buschbacher, Serrao (BIB25) 1988; 76 Whittaker (BIB27) 1966; 47 Satoo (BIB19) 1970 Satoo (BIB18) 1968 Grubb, Edwards (BIB8) 1982; 70 Chaturvedi, Khanna (BIB4) 1982 Huttel, Bernhard-Reversat (BIB9) 1975; 29 Seth, Kaul (BIB20) 1978 Faruqui (BIB7) 1972 Beauchamp, Olson (BIB1) 1973; 54 Singh, Srivastava (BIB23) 1984; 27 Srivastava, Singh, Upadhyaya (BIB24) 1986; 16 Odum (BIB16) 1970 UNESCO (BIB26) 1978 Whittaker, Woodwell (BIB28) 1969; 57 Bhatia (BIB2) 1956; 35 Karmacharya (BIB11) 1989 Murphy, Lugo (BIB14) 1986; 17 Mathur (BIB13) 1973 Johnson, Risser (BIB10) 1974; 55 Lieth (BIB12) 1975 Dawkins (BIB6) 1961; 22 Singh, Misra (BIB22) 1979 Ovington, Madgwick (BIB17) 1959; 10 Nwoboshi (BIB15) 1980 Charturvedi, Bhatt, Misra, Singh (BIB5) 1986 Champion, Seth (BIB3) 1968 Singh (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB22) 1979 Champion (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB3) 1968 Whittaker (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB27) 1966; 47 Lieth (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB12) 1975 Uhl (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB25) 1988; 76 Singh (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB21) 1983 Karmacharya (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB11) 1989 UNESCO (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB26) 1978 Chaturvedi (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB4) 1982 Singh (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB23) 1984; 27 Faruqui (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB7) 1972 Whittaker (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB28) 1969; 57 Beauchamp (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB1) 1973; 54 Grubb (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB8) 1982; 70 Srivastava (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB24) 1986; 16 Dawkins (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB6) 1961; 22 Odum (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB16) 1970 Nwoboshi (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB15) 1980 Seth (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB20) 1978 Bhatia (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB2) 1956; 35 Johnson (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB10) 1974; 55 Murphy (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB14) 1986; 17 Ovington (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB17) 1959; 10 Satoo (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB18) 1968 Huttel (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB9) 1975; 29 Charturvedi (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB5) 1986 Satoo (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB19) 1970 Mathur (10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB13) 1973 |
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Soc. contributor: fullname: Bhatia – start-page: 320 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB13 article-title: Teak Bibliography contributor: fullname: Mathur – start-page: 52 year: 1968 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB18 article-title: Primary production relations in woodlands of Pinus densiflora contributor: fullname: Satoo – year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB11 article-title: Ecological studies on phenology and resource allocation in teak plantations in a dry tropical region contributor: fullname: Karmacharya – year: 1982 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB4 contributor: fullname: Chaturvedi – year: 1972 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB7 article-title: Organic and mineral structure and productivity of plantations of sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) and teak (Tectona grandis Linn.) contributor: fullname: Faruqui – start-page: 105 year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB21 article-title: Climate and forest distribution and growth: State-of-art in India contributor: fullname: Singh – volume: 16 start-page: 1360 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB24 article-title: Fine root growth dynamics in teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) publication-title: Can. J. For. Res. doi: 10.1139/x86-240 contributor: fullname: Srivastava – volume: 55 start-page: 1246 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB10 article-title: Biomass, annual net primary production and dynamics of six mineral elements in a post oak-blackjack oak forest publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.2307/1935453 contributor: fullname: Johnson – start-page: 55 year: 1970 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB19 article-title: A synthesis of studies by the harvest method: Primary production relations in the temperate deciduous forests of Japan contributor: fullname: Satoo – year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB26 contributor: fullname: UNESCO – year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB22 article-title: Structure and functioning of natural, modified and silvicultural ecosystems of eastern Uttar Pradesh contributor: fullname: Singh – volume: 22 start-page: 62 year: 1961 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB6 article-title: Estimating total volume of some Caribbean trees publication-title: Caribb. For. contributor: fullname: Dawkins – volume: 17 start-page: 67 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB14 article-title: Ecology of tropical dry forest publication-title: Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. doi: 10.1146/annurev.es.17.110186.000435 contributor: fullname: Murphy – volume: 27 start-page: 161 year: 1984 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB23 article-title: Spatial distribution of fine root mass in young trees (Tectona grandis) of varying girth sizes publication-title: Pedobiologia doi: 10.1016/S0031-4056(23)05831-6 contributor: fullname: Singh – volume: 76 start-page: 663 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB25 article-title: Abandoned pastures in eastern Amazonia. I. Patterns of plant succession publication-title: J. Ecol. doi: 10.2307/2260566 contributor: fullname: Uhl – volume: 47 start-page: 103 year: 1966 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB27 article-title: Forest dimension and production in the great smoky mountains publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.2307/1935749 contributor: fullname: Whittaker – year: 1968 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB3 contributor: fullname: Champion – start-page: 237 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB12 article-title: Modeling the primary productivity of the world contributor: fullname: Lieth – volume: 10 start-page: 271 year: 1959 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB17 article-title: The growth and composition of natural stands of birch. I. Dry matter production publication-title: Plant Soil doi: 10.1007/BF01416374 contributor: fullname: Ovington – volume: 57 start-page: 155 year: 1969 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB28 article-title: Structure, production and diversity of the oakpine forest at the Brookhaven, New York publication-title: J. Ecol. doi: 10.2307/2258214 contributor: fullname: Whittaker – year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB5 article-title: Firewood properties of some forest species publication-title: U.P. Forest Bulletin No. 53 contributor: fullname: Charturvedi – start-page: 353 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB15 article-title: Nitrogen cycling in a teak plantation ecosystem in Nigeria contributor: fullname: Nwoboshi – volume: 29 start-page: 203 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB9 article-title: Recherches sur 1 ecosysteme de la foret subequatoreale de basse Cote-d Ivoire. V. Biomasse vegetale et productivite primaire cycle de la mature organique publication-title: Terre Vie contributor: fullname: Huttel – volume: 54 start-page: 1403 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB1 article-title: Corrections for bias in regression estimates after logarithmic transformation publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.2307/1934208 contributor: fullname: Beauchamp – start-page: 191 year: 1970 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB16 article-title: Summary: an emerging view of the ecological system of El Verde contributor: fullname: Odum – start-page: 628 year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB20 article-title: Tropical forest ecosystems of India: the teak forests (as case study of silviculture and management) contributor: fullname: Seth – volume: 70 start-page: 623 year: 1982 ident: 10.1016/0378-1127(92)90103-G_BIB8 article-title: Studies on mineral cycling in a montane rain forest in New Guinea. III. The distribution of mineral elements in the aboveground material publication-title: J. Ecol. doi: 10.2307/2259928 contributor: fullname: Grubb |
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SubjectTerms | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences Forestry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology Production. Biomass |
Title | Biomass and net production of teak plantations in a dry tropical region in India |
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