Solar–Stellar Connection: X-Ray Flares to Energetic (E > 10 MeV) Particle Events

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal Vol. 956; no. 1; pp. 24 - 34
• Main Authors: Kahler, S. W., Ling, A. G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.10.2023; IOP Publishing
• Subjects: Astrobiology; Astronomical models; Astrophysics; Coronal mass ejection; Energetic particles; Exoplanets; Extrasolar planets; Flare stars; Fluctuations; Heliosphere; Neutrons; Proton flux; Scaling laws; Solar coronal mass ejection shocks; Solar energetic particles; Solar flares; Solar radio bursts; Solar x rays; Stellar coronal mass ejections; Stellar flares; Stellar models; X-ray astronomy; X-ray fluxes; X-rays

Abstract Energetic particle environments are an important factor for the viability of life on exoplanets surrounding flare stars. In the heliosphere, large gradual solar energetic ( E > 10 MeV) particle (SEP) events are produced by shocks from fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Extensive observa...