Cooking of short, medium and long-grain rice in limited and excess water: Effects on microstructural characteristics and gastro-small intestinal starch digestion in vitro

The purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of cooking methods on starch hydrolysis of rice grain using an in vitro digestion model. Three varieties of short, medium and long-grain rice were cooked in two different ways: in limited water method (LWM) using a rice cooker and excess wat...

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Published inFood science & technology Vol. 146; p. 111379
Main Authors Tamura, Masatsugu, Kumagai, Chisato, Kaur, Lovedeep, Ogawa, Yukiharu, Singh, Jaspreet
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2021
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ISSN0023-6438
1096-1127
DOI10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111379

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Abstract The purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of cooking methods on starch hydrolysis of rice grain using an in vitro digestion model. Three varieties of short, medium and long-grain rice were cooked in two different ways: in limited water method (LWM) using a rice cooker and excess water method (EWM) using a pan. The water absorption of raw rice grain was found to differ among the different rice varieties. The moisture, crude protein, total starch and resistant starch contents of the grain were affected by the cooking method. Starch hydrolysis for medium and long-grain rice at 210 min was higher for rice cooked through LWM (75.1 and 87.5%, respectively) than those cooked using the EWM (65.8 and 64.5%, respectively). Microscopic observations of grain cooked through LWM and EWM showed that the former had bigger voids present throughout the grain and had more cell wall damage than the latter, confirming that the microstructural characteristics were responsible for better enzyme accessibility and higher starch hydrolysis. These results revealed that the starch digestibility of rice grain cooked through different methods was affected by the disruption of the tissue structure that was dependent on the cooking method. [Display omitted] •Component contents of rice grain were affected by cooking method.•Starch hydrolysis of cooked rice grain was higher for LWM than that for EWM.•Bigger voids and more cell wall damage occurred during cooking by LWM.•Disruption of microstructure during cooking greatly related to starch hydrolysis.
AbstractList The purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of cooking methods on starch hydrolysis of rice grain using an in vitro digestion model. Three varieties of short, medium and long-grain rice were cooked in two different ways: in limited water method (LWM) using a rice cooker and excess water method (EWM) using a pan. The water absorption of raw rice grain was found to differ among the different rice varieties. The moisture, crude protein, total starch and resistant starch contents of the grain were affected by the cooking method. Starch hydrolysis for medium and long-grain rice at 210 min was higher for rice cooked through LWM (75.1 and 87.5%, respectively) than those cooked using the EWM (65.8 and 64.5%, respectively). Microscopic observations of grain cooked through LWM and EWM showed that the former had bigger voids present throughout the grain and had more cell wall damage than the latter, confirming that the microstructural characteristics were responsible for better enzyme accessibility and higher starch hydrolysis. These results revealed that the starch digestibility of rice grain cooked through different methods was affected by the disruption of the tissue structure that was dependent on the cooking method. [Display omitted] •Component contents of rice grain were affected by cooking method.•Starch hydrolysis of cooked rice grain was higher for LWM than that for EWM.•Bigger voids and more cell wall damage occurred during cooking by LWM.•Disruption of microstructure during cooking greatly related to starch hydrolysis.
The purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of cooking methods on starch hydrolysis of rice grain using an in vitro digestion model. Three varieties of short, medium and long-grain rice were cooked in two different ways: in limited water method (LWM) using a rice cooker and excess water method (EWM) using a pan. The water absorption of raw rice grain was found to differ among the different rice varieties. The moisture, crude protein, total starch and resistant starch contents of the grain were affected by the cooking method. Starch hydrolysis for medium and long-grain rice at 210 min was higher for rice cooked through LWM (75.1 and 87.5%, respectively) than those cooked using the EWM (65.8 and 64.5%, respectively). Microscopic observations of grain cooked through LWM and EWM showed that the former had bigger voids present throughout the grain and had more cell wall damage than the latter, confirming that the microstructural characteristics were responsible for better enzyme accessibility and higher starch hydrolysis. These results revealed that the starch digestibility of rice grain cooked through different methods was affected by the disruption of the tissue structure that was dependent on the cooking method.
ArticleNumber 111379
Author Kumagai, Chisato
Tamura, Masatsugu
Kaur, Lovedeep
Singh, Jaspreet
Ogawa, Yukiharu
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  givenname: Chisato
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  fullname: Kumagai, Chisato
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  givenname: Lovedeep
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  givenname: Yukiharu
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  surname: Ogawa
  fullname: Ogawa, Yukiharu
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  surname: Singh
  fullname: Singh, Jaspreet
  email: J.X.Singh@massey.ac.nz
  organization: Riddet Institute and School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
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Keywords Viscosity
Water absorption
Estimated glycemic index
Starch hydrolysis
Tissue structure
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Snippet The purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of cooking methods on starch hydrolysis of rice grain using an in vitro digestion model. Three...
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SubjectTerms cell walls
crude protein
digestible carbohydrates
digestion
enzymes
Estimated glycemic index
hydrolysis
intestines
resistant starch
rice
Starch hydrolysis
Tissue structure
Viscosity
Water absorption
water uptake
Title Cooking of short, medium and long-grain rice in limited and excess water: Effects on microstructural characteristics and gastro-small intestinal starch digestion in vitro
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111379
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2524284104
Volume 146
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