Existence problems in philosophy and science
We initially characterize what we'll call existence problems as problems where there is evidence that a putative entity exists and this evidence is not easily dismissed; however, the evidence is not adequate to justify the claim that the entity exists, and in particular the entity hasn't b...
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| Published in | Synthese (Dordrecht) Vol. 190; no. 18; pp. 4239 - 4259 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Dordrecht
Springer
01.12.2013
Springer Netherlands Springer Nature B.V |
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| Abstract | We initially characterize what we'll call existence problems as problems where there is evidence that a putative entity exists and this evidence is not easily dismissed; however, the evidence is not adequate to justify the claim that the entity exists, and in particular the entity hasn't been detected. The putative entity is elusive. We then offer a strategy for determining whether an existence problem is philosophical or scientific. According to this strategy (1) existence problems are characterized in terms of causal roles, and (2) these problems are categorized as scientific or philosophical on the basis of the epistemic context of putative realizers. We argue that the first step of the strategy is necessary to avoid begging the question with regard to categorization of existence problems, and the second step categorizes existence problems on the basis of a distinction between two ways in which an entity can be elusive. This distinction between kinds of elusiveness takes as background a standard account of inference to the best explanation. Applying this strategy, we argue that the existence of a multiverse is a scientific problem. |
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| AbstractList | We initially characterize what we'll call existence problems as problems where there is evidence that a putative entity exists and this evidence is not easily dismissed; however, the evidence is not adequate to justify the claim that the entity exists, and in particular the entity hasn't been detected. The putative entity is elusive. We then offer a strategy for determining whether an existence problem is philosophical or scientific. According to this strategy (1) existence problems are characterized in terms of causal roles, and (2) these problems are categorized as scientific or philosophical on the basis of the epistemic context of putative realizers. We argue that the first step of the strategy is necessary to avoid begging the question with regard to categorization of existence problems, and the second step categorizes existence problems on the basis of a distinction between two ways in which an entity can be elusive. This distinction between kinds of elusiveness takes as background a standard account of inference to the best explanation. Applying this strategy, we argue that the existence of a multiverse is a scientific problem. We initially characterize what we'll call existence problems as problems where there is evidence that a putative entity exists and this evidence is not easily dismissed; however, the evidence is not adequate to justify the claim that the entity exists, and in particular the entity hasn't been detected. The putative entity is elusive. We then offer a strategy for determining whether an existence problem is philosophical or scientific. According to this strategy (1) existence problems are characterized in terms of causal roles, and (2) these problems are categorized as scientific or philosophical on the basis of the epistemic context of putative realizers. We argue that the first step of the strategy is necessary to avoid begging the question with regard to categorization of existence problems, and the second step categorizes existence problems on the basis of a distinction between two ways in which an entity can be elusive. This distinction between kinds of elusiveness takes as background a standard account of inference to the best explanation. Applying this strategy, we argue that the existence of a multiverse is a scientific problem.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Turner, Dale Ross, Peter W. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1103/RevModPhys.68.317 10.1080/00048407212341301 10.1093/analys/66.4.269 10.1016/j.shpsa.2010.03.002 10.1093/bjps/axn040 10.1007/978-3-662-04597-8_1 10.1039/jr9320000349 10.2307/2960077 10.1103/PhysRevD.84.043507 10.1007/978-90-481-2362-9 10.1111/j.1533-6077.2010.00192.x 10.4324/9780203464779 10.7208/chicago/9780226458106.001.0001 10.5840/philinquiry1982411 10.2307/2941088 10.1093/mind/XCVI.383.331 10.1007/s11098-008-9319-9 10.1007/s11229-008-9305-y 10.1038/133532a0 |
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| Keywords | Inference to the best explanation Pseudoscience Multiverse Existence Knowledge theory |
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| SubjectTerms | Anthropic principle Atomism Atoms Concept of being Education Epistemology Epistemology. Philosophy of science. Theory of knowledge Existence Inference Logic Metaphysics Neutrinos Philosophy Philosophy of Language Philosophy of Science Pseudoscience Reasoning Signatures |
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| Title | Existence problems in philosophy and science |
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