A comparative study of clinicopathological significance, FGFBP1, and WISP-2 expression between squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas and adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder

• Published in: International journal of clinical oncology Vol. 19; no. 2; pp. 325 - 335
• Main Authors: Yang, Zhulin, Yang, Zhi, Zou, Qiong, Yuan, Yuan, Li, Jinghe, Li, Daiqiang, Liang, Lufeng, Zeng, Guixiang, Chen, Senlin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Springer Japan 01.04.2014; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma - chemistry; Adenocarcinoma - mortality; Adenocarcinoma - pathology; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cancer; Cancer Research; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous - chemistry; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous - mortality; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous - pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - chemistry; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology; Carrier Proteins - analysis; Carrier Proteins - physiology; CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins - analysis; CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins - physiology; Comparative studies; Female; Gallbladder diseases; Gallbladder Neoplasms - chemistry; Gallbladder Neoplasms - mortality; Gallbladder Neoplasms - pathology; Gene expression; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - analysis; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - physiology; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Oncology; Original Article; Pathology; Proportional Hazards Models; Repressor Proteins - analysis; Repressor Proteins - physiology; Surgical Oncology; Adenocarcinoma; Adenosquamous carcinoma; Squamous cell carcinoma; FGFBP1; Prognosis; WISP-2; Metastasis; Gallbladder cancer
• DOI: 10.1007/s10147-013-0550-9
• ISSN: 1341-9625; 1437-7772

Background The differences in clinical, pathological, and biological characteristics between adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinoma (SC/ASC) of gallbladder cancer have not been well documented. This study is to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and FGFBP1 and WISP-2 expression between AC and SC/ASC patients. Methods We examined FGFBP1 and WISP-2 expression in 46 SC/ASC and 80 AC samples using immunohistochemistry and analyzed their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics. Results SC/ASCs occur more frequently in older patients and often correspond to larger tumor masses than ACs. Positive FGFBP1 and negative WISP-2 expression were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and invasion of SC/ASCs and ACs. In addition, positive FGFBP1 and negative WISP-2 expression were significantly associated with differentiation and TMN stage in ACs. Univariate Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that either elevated FGFBP1 ( p  < 0.001) or lowered WISP-2 ( p  < 0.001) expression was closely associated with decreased overall survival in both SC/ASC and AC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive FGFBP1 expression ( p  = 0.001) or negative WISP-2 expression ( p  = 0.035 for SC/ASC and p  = 0.009 for AC) is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in both SC/ASC and AC patients. We also revealed that differentiation, tumor size, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, invasion, and surgical procedure were associated with survival of both SC/ASC and AC patients. Conclusion Our study suggested that the overexpression of FGFBP1 or loss of WISP-2 expression is closely related to the metastasis, invasion and poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer.