A novel compact highly sensitive non-invasive microwave antenna sensor for blood glucose monitoring
In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM...
Saved in:
Published in | Open Physics Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 14790 - 34 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
De Gruyter
05.09.2023
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM simulation high frequency structure simulator environment consisting of skin, blood, fat, and bone layers. In the study, finger models with various shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, and ellipsoid are considered, and the results are compared. The glucose concentration is changed from 0 to 500 mg/dL, and the corresponding shift is evaluated by keeping the finger phantom at different locations near the antenna. The frequency shifts obtained in the designed experiment are used to evaluate glucose concentration in blood samples. In this work, a minimum and a maximum frequency shift of around 1.25 and 5 MHz, respectively, are observed when the finger phantom is placed at the top of the radiating element. Simulated antenna results are found to be in good agreement with the measured results. The developed method is validated with a two-antenna model by calculating time delay and isolation for different glucose concentrations. An experiment of placing a real human finger around a fabricated antenna presents good correspondence with the simulation results. |
---|---|
AbstractList | In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM simulation high frequency structure simulator environment consisting of skin, blood, fat, and bone layers. In the study, finger models with various shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, and ellipsoid are considered, and the results are compared. The glucose concentration is changed from 0 to 500 mg/dL, and the corresponding shift is evaluated by keeping the finger phantom at different locations near the antenna. The frequency shifts obtained in the designed experiment are used to evaluate glucose concentration in blood samples. In this work, a minimum and a maximum frequency shift of around 1.25 and 5 MHz, respectively, are observed when the finger phantom is placed at the top of the radiating element. Simulated antenna results are found to be in good agreement with the measured results. The developed method is validated with a two-antenna model by calculating time delay and isolation for different glucose concentrations. An experiment of placing a real human finger around a fabricated antenna presents good correspondence with the simulation results. Abstract In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM simulation high frequency structure simulator environment consisting of skin, blood, fat, and bone layers. In the study, finger models with various shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, and ellipsoid are considered, and the results are compared. The glucose concentration is changed from 0 to 500 mg/dL, and the corresponding shift is evaluated by keeping the finger phantom at different locations near the antenna. The frequency shifts obtained in the designed experiment are used to evaluate glucose concentration in blood samples. In this work, a minimum and a maximum frequency shift of around 1.25 and 5 MHz, respectively, are observed when the finger phantom is placed at the top of the radiating element. Simulated antenna results are found to be in good agreement with the measured results. The developed method is validated with a two-antenna model by calculating time delay and isolation for different glucose concentrations. An experiment of placing a real human finger around a fabricated antenna presents good correspondence with the simulation results. |
Author | Aldhaheri, Rabah W. Kamili, Jagadeesh Babu Nella, Anveshkumar Sobahi, Nebras M. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rabah W. surname: Aldhaheri fullname: Aldhaheri, Rabah W. email: raldhaheri@kau.edu.sa organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia – sequence: 2 givenname: Jagadeesh Babu surname: Kamili fullname: Kamili, Jagadeesh Babu email: jagan_ec@yahoo.com organization: Department of ECE, St. Ann’s College of Engg. & Tech., Chirala, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Anveshkumar surname: Nella fullname: Nella, Anveshkumar email: nellaanvesh@gmail.com organization: School of EEE, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, 466114, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Nebras M. surname: Sobahi fullname: Sobahi, Nebras M. email: nsobahi@kau.edu.sa organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia |
BookMark | eNp1UMtqwzAQFKWFpmmuPfsHnOppW8cQ-ggEemnPQtbDUXCkIDkJ-fvKSSm9FFbsSJqZZecB3PrgDQBPCM4RQ-x5vzmnEkNMSohgfQMmmHBUMlqj2z_4HsxS2kIIESM1xXQC1KLw4Wj6QoXdXqqh2Lhu05-LZHxygzua_O1L548yjZedUzGcZEbSD8Z7eSGGWNh82j4EXXT9QYWUqcG7IUTnu0dwZ2WfzOynT8HX68vn8r1cf7ytlot1qQhnQ2mVQZxV0GJrGkQhgZJYRataG6yqRtFGtozCtqKcE1NBbTipbau0hqptW0mmYHX11UFuxT66nYxnEaQTl4cQOyHj4FRvhEUS8TZPy0W5Jg1lDSEaI8uZtdJmr_nVK--bUjT21w9BMSYuxsTFmLgYE88CfhWcZD-YqE0XD-cMxDYcos9r_yPECJFvWRWL4g |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s00542_024_05716_w |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843 10.1016/j.sna.2019.111542 10.1109/TIM.2018.2866743 10.1109/MicroCom.2016.7522542 10.1002/mop.32371 10.5755/j02.eie.31173 10.47037/2020.ACES.J.351181 10.3390/s19010169 10.1109/SPIN.2019.8711633 10.3390/rs12030385 10.13052/2022.ACES.J.371102 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2993182 10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182268 10.3390/s21051635 10.13164/re.2015.0877 10.1109/MMS.2016.7803818 10.1002/mop.27515 10.1017/S1759078719001089 10.1155/2015/570870 10.3390/diagnostics9010006 10.1515/phys-2017-0133 10.1038/s41598-017-06926-1 10.3390/s19040800 10.1038/s41598-020-71908-9 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2472019 10.1109/ICEET48479.2020.9048228 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3038589 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2757083 10.1038/s41598-021-93082-2 10.3390/bios11060189 10.1155/2016/8943095 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2787689 10.2528/PIERC19110501 10.1049/el.2016.4327 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.560 10.1038/s41598-020-69547-1 10.1007/s11277-020-07751-y |
ContentType | Journal Article |
DBID | AAYXX CITATION DOA |
DOI | 10.1515/phys-2023-0107 |
DatabaseName | CrossRef DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Physics |
EISSN | 2391-5471 |
EndPage | 34 |
ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_f1a19b95695649d3845833d21f95ffaf 10_1515_phys_2023_0107 10_1515_phys_2023_0107211 |
GroupedDBID | 5VS AAFWJ ABFKT ACGFS ADBBV AENEX AFPKN AHGSO ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS BCNDV EBS F-. GROUPED_DOAJ KQ8 M~E OK1 QD8 AAYXX CITATION M48 SLJYH |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c395t-fce19560f2fe814030a3fc467de2c68c48ab540b64993e60de937fbcdd0cbbba3 |
IEDL.DBID | M48 |
ISSN | 2391-5471 |
IngestDate | Thu Jul 04 21:05:29 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 23 01:31:17 EDT 2024 Fri Sep 08 14:44:34 EDT 2023 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 1 |
Language | English |
License | This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c395t-fce19560f2fe814030a3fc467de2c68c48ab540b64993e60de937fbcdd0cbbba3 |
OpenAccessLink | http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1515/phys-2023-0107 |
PageCount | 17 |
ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_f1a19b95695649d3845833d21f95ffaf crossref_primary_10_1515_phys_2023_0107 walterdegruyter_journals_10_1515_phys_2023_0107211 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2023-09-05 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-09-05 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2023 text: 2023-09-05 day: 05 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationTitle | Open Physics |
PublicationYear | 2023 |
Publisher | De Gruyter |
Publisher_xml | – name: De Gruyter |
References | 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_030 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_010 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_032 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_031 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_012 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_034 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_011 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_033 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_014 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_036 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_013 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_035 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_016 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_038 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_015 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_037 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_018 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_017 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_039 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_019 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_021 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_020 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_001 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_023 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_022 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_003 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_025 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_002 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_024 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_005 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_027 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_004 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_026 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_007 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_029 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_006 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_028 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_009 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_008 |
References_xml | – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_007 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_002 doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_023 doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2019.111542 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_004 doi: 10.1109/TIM.2018.2866743 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_014 doi: 10.1109/MicroCom.2016.7522542 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_017 doi: 10.1002/mop.32371 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_018 doi: 10.5755/j02.eie.31173 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_030 doi: 10.47037/2020.ACES.J.351181 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_020 doi: 10.3390/s19010169 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_032 doi: 10.1109/SPIN.2019.8711633 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_021 doi: 10.3390/rs12030385 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_013 doi: 10.13052/2022.ACES.J.371102 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_022 doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2993182 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_005 doi: 10.1109/ICCSP48568.2020.9182268 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_027 doi: 10.3390/s21051635 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_038 doi: 10.13164/re.2015.0877 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_012 doi: 10.1109/MMS.2016.7803818 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_016 doi: 10.1002/mop.27515 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_035 doi: 10.1017/S1759078719001089 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_009 doi: 10.1155/2015/570870 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_008 doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9010006 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_011 doi: 10.1515/phys-2017-0133 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_037 doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06926-1 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_029 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_003 doi: 10.3390/s19040800 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_001 doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71908-9 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_034 doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2015.2472019 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_026 doi: 10.1109/ICEET48479.2020.9048228 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_006 doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3038589 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_031 doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2017.2757083 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_036 doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93082-2 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_015 doi: 10.3390/bios11060189 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_019 doi: 10.1155/2016/8943095 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_033 doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2787689 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_010 doi: 10.2528/PIERC19110501 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_039 doi: 10.1049/el.2016.4327 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_025 doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.560 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_024 doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69547-1 – ident: 2023090609425950622_j_phys-2023-0107_ref_028 doi: 10.1007/s11277-020-07751-y |
SSID | ssj0001537424 |
Score | 2.338548 |
Snippet | In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The... Abstract In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in... |
SourceID | doaj crossref walterdegruyter |
SourceType | Open Website Aggregation Database Publisher |
StartPage | 14790 |
SubjectTerms | blood finger phantom glucose monitoring microwave sensor non-invasive slotted patch |
SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1LSwMxEA5SEPQgPrG-yEHwFJrdZNfNsYpSBD1Z6G3JU4R2lXbb0n_vTHYrRRAvwh6W3UDCN3l8k0y-IeTa8gJIrcuZL7hg0kvHNM9TZpMguOfCZbd43_n5JR8M5dMoG22k-sKYsEYeuAGuFxKdKAMsHh6pnCjwoE-4NAkqC0GHOPsm2YYz1dwPFuDzyValEdbsHm4UMMwVDs4z5o7dWIWiWP8u2VvGA2rn36bzVb0-EI3rzOM-2WsJIu03DTsgW746JNsxUNPOjojt0-pj4cc0Bo_bmqLe8HhFZxiIjlMX_K7Ye7XQGJdOJxhvt9TwhghWlY4FP6YUuCqNQeu0DVqnkzi6cZvvmAwfH17vB6xNlMCsUFnNgvV47Y-HNHhUsBJci2BhCnQ-tXlhZaENMDMDACrhc-48kJJgrHPcGmO0OCEdaJw_JTRVEghjjiprSuoiaCmNzV2ao7JdCKZLbtbAlZ-NHkaJfgRAXCLEJUJcIsRdcoe4fpdCHev4AaxbttYt_7Jul6Q_rFK2Y2z2S7XQGc7-o-ZzstP0FsV4dkE69XTuL4F_1OYqdrUvXTnaXA priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
Title | A novel compact highly sensitive non-invasive microwave antenna sensor for blood glucose monitoring |
URI | http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.1515/phys-2023-0107 https://doaj.org/article/f1a19b95695649d3845833d21f95ffaf |
Volume | 21 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LS8QwEA6iCHoQn7i-yEHwFE2bNLYHERVFBD254K3kKcLa1W5d3X_vTLar-AKhh9KGNnx5fZPMfEPIruU5kFqnmM-5YNJLxzRXKbNJENxz4bJDjHe-vlGXXXl1l919-j-1AA5-Ne0wn1S37u2_PY-OYcAfxew9SXaAewAM04CDXYyB5TOpFBJ7-3VL9ccRwwKsQBlzzRUJy2BSbjUcf37iyxoVpfznycJrPL52_r5-GTWT49K4Cl0skoWWPtKTcXsvkSlfLZPZ6MZpByvEntCqP_Q9Gl3LbUNRjbg3ogN0U8eJDV5X7KEaavRap4_ojfeq4Q7xrSodC_ZrCkyWRpd22rq008c49nETcJV0L85vzy5Zm0aBWVFkDQvWY1AgD2nwqG8luBbBwgTpfGpVbmWuDfA2o8D4EV5x54GyBGOd49YYo8UamYbK-XVC00ICnVSowVZInQctpbHKpQp170IwHbI3Aa58GqtllGhlAMQlQlwixCVC3CGniOtHKVS5jg_69X3ZDpoyJDopDNQdLlk4keMhr3BpEoosBB06JP3WKuWkA_3xWzB3N_5dx00yN-4SBePZFplu6he_DRSkMTvRdN-JPewdD8XbpQ |
link.rule.ids | 315,786,790,870,2115,24346,27957,27958,67515,69299 |
linkProvider | Scholars Portal |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LTxsxEB61oKpwQIUWEfrAB6SerDhrr9k9plVpWl4HQOJm-RmQkg1KNiD-PTObbUqpeqm0h9Xa1lrjx3xjf_4MsO9FgaA2aB4LIbmKKnArdMZ9L0kRhQz5AZ13PjnVg0v18yq_enIWhmiVIQ6n84d6oZDaDRM_p4WypdYAeuAuhf2cbv7GUFgcdK_r8eglrGr09dizV_uD7-dnv1daconxn2oVG_8u_YdHaoT712HjvtmsXtbkic85fAMbLVhk_UXrbsKLWG3Bq4a06WdvwfdZNbmLI9YQyX3NSHt49MBmREqnaQyTK35T3VniqLMxce_uLb6RNavKNhknU4a4lTUEdtYS2Nm4Gem05PcOLg-_XXwd8PbSBO5lmdc8-UhHAEXKUiQ1KymsTB6nwxAzrwuvCusQpTmNoY6MWoSIACU5H4Lwzjkrt2EFKxd3gGWlQvCoSXGtVLZIVinndcg0qdyl5Drw-ZfhzO1CG8NQTIEmNmRiQyY2ZOIOfCG7LnORpnXzYTIdmnaImNSzvdJh3fFRZZAFbenKkPVSmadkUweyZ61i2vE2-8dvMbjd_Z9Ce_B6cHFybI5_nB69h7VFTym5yD_ASj2dx4-IQ2r3qe1ojw-t3d8 |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1ba9swGP3YUjbah7KuLUt308NgTyKyJSv2Y3bJsq1rC1uhb0LXMmidkjgp_ff9PsfNLmUvAz8YW8Li6HY-6fgI4I0XJZLaoHksheQqqsCt0Dn3WZIiChmKIf3v_O1IT07Vl7PiTk0472SVIZ7PFjfNyiF1EKZ-QQtla68BnIEHFPZzOvkbQ2ExHFyF9BA2kPtmRQ82RpNP349_LbQUEsM_1Rk23s_8x4TU-vZvwfZ1u1e9LshvU874CWx3XJGNVpW7Aw9i_RQetZpNP98FP2L1dBkvWKsj9w0j6-GLGzYnTTqNYvi65j_rpSWJOrsk6d21xTsCs65tm3A6Y0hbWatfZ51-nV22HZ1W_PbgdPzxx_sJ785M4F5WRcOTj_QHoEh5imRmJYWVyeNoGGLudelVaR2SNKcx0pFRixCRnyTnQxDeOWflPvSwcPEZsLxSyB01Ga5VypbJKuW8Drkmk7uUXB_e3gFnrlbWGIZCCoTYEMSGIDYEcR_eEa7rVGRp3T6Yzs5N10NMymxWOSw7XqoKsqQdXRnyLFVFSjb1If-rVkzX3eb_-CzGtgf_k-k1PD75MDaHn4--PofNVUOpuCheQK-ZLeJLZCGNe9W1s1u8T9z8 |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+novel+compact+highly+sensitive+non-invasive+microwave+antenna+sensor+for+blood+glucose+monitoring&rft.jtitle=Open+Physics&rft.au=Aldhaheri%2C+Rabah+W.&rft.au=Kamili%2C+Jagadeesh+Babu&rft.au=Nella%2C+Anveshkumar&rft.au=Sobahi%2C+Nebras+M.&rft.date=2023-09-05&rft.issn=2391-5471&rft.eissn=2391-5471&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1515%2Fphys-2023-0107&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1515_phys_2023_0107 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2391-5471&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2391-5471&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2391-5471&client=summon |