Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil
This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used...
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Published in | International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 18; no. 11; p. 6160 |
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Abstract | This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the “virtual snowball” sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included. A total of 9470 adolescents were analyzed. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with reporting at least two of three self-reported problems—sadness, irritability, and sleep problems. The main proximal factor was loneliness (AdjOR = 8.12 p < 0.001). Problems related to school closures also played an important role. Regular intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as physical activity, demonstrated a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time (AdjOR = 2.05, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption negatively affected outcomes (AdjOR = 1.73, p < 0.001). As for distal variables, less affluent adolescents were the most affected, and males reported fewer emotional problems than females. Uncertainty regarding the disease in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability, together with rises in unhealthy behaviors and isolation from their immediate social circles, have negatively affected adolescents’ emotional status throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. |
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AbstractList | This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the “virtual snowball” sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included. A total of 9470 adolescents were analyzed. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with reporting at least two of three self-reported problems—sadness, irritability, and sleep problems. The main proximal factor was loneliness (AdjOR = 8.12 p < 0.001). Problems related to school closures also played an important role. Regular intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as physical activity, demonstrated a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time (AdjOR = 2.05, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption negatively affected outcomes (AdjOR = 1.73, p < 0.001). As for distal variables, less affluent adolescents were the most affected, and males reported fewer emotional problems than females. Uncertainty regarding the disease in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability, together with rises in unhealthy behaviors and isolation from their immediate social circles, have negatively affected adolescents’ emotional status throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the “virtual snowball” sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included. A total of 9470 adolescents were analyzed. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with reporting at least two of three self-reported problems—sadness, irritability, and sleep problems. The main proximal factor was loneliness (AdjOR = 8.12 p < 0.001). Problems related to school closures also played an important role. Regular intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as physical activity, demonstrated a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time (AdjOR = 2.05, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption negatively affected outcomes (AdjOR = 1.73, p < 0.001). As for distal variables, less affluent adolescents were the most affected, and males reported fewer emotional problems than females. Uncertainty regarding the disease in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability, together with rises in unhealthy behaviors and isolation from their immediate social circles, have negatively affected adolescents’ emotional status throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Author | Romero, Dália Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Gomes, Crizian Saar de Almeida, Wanessa da Silva de Pina, Maria de Fátima Azevedo, Luiz Otávio Ferreira, Arthur Pate de Souza Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann Damacena, Giseli Nogueira Gracie, Renata Werneck, André Oliveira de Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges Lima, Margareth Guimarães da Silva, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira Malta, Deborah Carvalho |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte/MG-CEP 30130-100, Brazil; dcmalta@uol.com.br (D.C.M.); criziansaar@gmail.com (C.S.G.) 1 Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Av. Brasil, 4635-Pavilhão Haity Moussatché-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro/RJ-CEP 21045-360, Brazil; paulo.borges@icict.fiocruz.br (P.R.B.d.S.J.); dalia.fiocruz@gmail.com (D.R.); wanessa.almeida@gmail.com (W.d.S.d.A.); damacenagn@gmail.com (G.N.D.); luiz.azevedo@icict.fiocruz.br (L.O.A.); arthurpaterj@gmail.com (A.P.d.S.F.); renata.gracie@icict.fiocruz.br (R.G.); fatima.pina@icict.fiocruz.br (M.d.F.d.P.) 4 Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo/SP CEP 01246-904, Brazil; andreowerneck@gmail.com 3 Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciência |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126–Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas/SP-CEP 13083-887, Brazil; marilisa@unicamp.br (M.B.d.A.B.); mglima@unicamp.br (M.G.L.) – name: 2 Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190 Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte/MG-CEP 30130-100, Brazil; dcmalta@uol.com.br (D.C.M.); criziansaar@gmail.com (C.S.G.) – name: 1 Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Av. Brasil, 4635-Pavilhão Haity Moussatché-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro/RJ-CEP 21045-360, Brazil; paulo.borges@icict.fiocruz.br (P.R.B.d.S.J.); dalia.fiocruz@gmail.com (D.R.); wanessa.almeida@gmail.com (W.d.S.d.A.); damacenagn@gmail.com (G.N.D.); luiz.azevedo@icict.fiocruz.br (L.O.A.); arthurpaterj@gmail.com (A.P.d.S.F.); renata.gracie@icict.fiocruz.br (R.G.); fatima.pina@icict.fiocruz.br (M.d.F.d.P.) – name: 4 Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715-Cerqueira César, São Paulo/SP CEP 01246-904, Brazil; andreowerneck@gmail.com – name: 5 Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n-Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão/SE CEP 49100-000, Brazil; danilorpsilva@gmail.com |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Célia Landmann orcidid: 0000-0002-7798-2095 surname: Szwarcwald fullname: Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann – sequence: 2 givenname: Deborah Carvalho surname: Malta fullname: Malta, Deborah Carvalho – sequence: 3 givenname: Marilisa Berti de Azevedo surname: Barros fullname: Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo – sequence: 4 givenname: Paulo Roberto Borges surname: de Souza Júnior fullname: de Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges – sequence: 5 givenname: Dália surname: Romero fullname: Romero, Dália – sequence: 6 givenname: Wanessa da Silva surname: de Almeida fullname: de Almeida, Wanessa da Silva – sequence: 7 givenname: Giseli Nogueira surname: Damacena fullname: Damacena, Giseli Nogueira – sequence: 8 givenname: André Oliveira orcidid: 0000-0002-9166-4376 surname: Werneck fullname: Werneck, André Oliveira – sequence: 9 givenname: Danilo Rodrigues Pereira orcidid: 0000-0003-3995-4795 surname: da Silva fullname: da Silva, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira – sequence: 10 givenname: Margareth Guimarães surname: Lima fullname: Lima, Margareth Guimarães – sequence: 11 givenname: Crizian Saar surname: Gomes fullname: Gomes, Crizian Saar – sequence: 12 givenname: Luiz Otávio surname: Azevedo fullname: Azevedo, Luiz Otávio – sequence: 13 givenname: Arthur Pate de Souza surname: Ferreira fullname: Ferreira, Arthur Pate de Souza – sequence: 14 givenname: Renata surname: Gracie fullname: Gracie, Renata – sequence: 15 givenname: Maria de Fátima surname: de Pina fullname: de Pina, Maria de Fátima |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescents COVID-19 Data collection Emotional behavior Health behavior Physical activity Schools Sleep disorders Social networks Socioeconomic factors Teenagers |
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Title | Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil |
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