Peptidoglycan Enhances IL-6 Production in Human Synovial Fibroblasts via TLR2 Receptor, Focal Adhesion Kinase, Akt, and AP-1- Dependent Pathway

• Published in: The Journal of immunology (1950) Vol. 183; no. 4; pp. 2785 - 2792
• Main Authors: Chiu, Yung-Cheng, Lin, Ching-Yuang, Chen, Chao-Ping, Huang, Kui-Chou, Tong, Kwok-Man, Tzeng, Chung-Yuh, Lee, Tu-Sheng, Hsu, Horng-Chaung, Tang, Chih-Hsin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Am Assoc Immnol 15.08.2009
• Subjects: Adjuvants, Immunologic - pharmacology; Adjuvants, Immunologic - physiology; Adjuvants, Immunologic - secretion; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - immunology; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - metabolism; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - pathology; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblasts - immunology; Fibroblasts - pathology; Fibroblasts - secretion; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 - physiology; Gene Expression Regulation - immunology; Humans; Inflammation Mediators - metabolism; Inflammation Mediators - physiology; Interleukin-6 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-6 - genetics; Interleukin-6 - secretion; Peptidoglycan - pharmacology; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - physiology; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - physiology; Signal Transduction - immunology; Synovial Membrane - enzymology; Synovial Membrane - pathology; Synovial Membrane - secretion; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - physiology; Transcription Factor AP-1 - physiology

Peptidoglycan (PGN), the major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, activates the innate immune system of the host and induces the release of cytokines and chemokines. We investigated the signaling pathway involved in IL-6 production stimulated by PGN in rheumatoid arthritis synovia...