Thermolysis of microalgae and duckweed in a CO2-swept fixed-bed reactor: Bio-oil yield and compositional effects

[Display omitted] ► Integrated study of microalgae and duckweed thermolysis. ► Bio-oil yield and energy content reflect differences in biomass composition. ► Algal and lemna bio-oil compares favorably to lignocellulosic bio-oil. ► Microalgae and duckweed bio-oil compounds identified and classified....

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Published inBioresource technology Vol. 109; pp. 154 - 162
Main Authors Campanella, Alejandrina, Muncrief, Rachel, Harold, Michael P., Griffith, David C., Whitton, Norman M., Weber, Robert S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2012
Subjects
Acetic acid
Activation energy
Araceae - drug effects
Araceae - growth & development
Araceae - metabolism
Bio-fuel
Biofuels - analysis
Biomass
Bioreactors - microbiology
Biotechnology - methods
Carbon dioxide
Carbon Dioxide - pharmacology
Crude oil
Differential Thermal Analysis
Duckweed
Kinetics
Lignin - chemistry
Microalgae
Microalgae - drug effects
Microalgae - growth & development
Microalgae - metabolism
Oils - analysis
Oxygenation
Petroleum - analysis
Ponds
Reactors
Temperature
Thermogravimetry
Thermolysis
Time Factors
Duckweed
Microalgae
Bio-fuel
Carbon dioxide
Thermolysis
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Abstract [Display omitted] ► Integrated study of microalgae and duckweed thermolysis. ► Bio-oil yield and energy content reflect differences in biomass composition. ► Algal and lemna bio-oil compares favorably to lignocellulosic bio-oil. ► Microalgae and duckweed bio-oil compounds identified and classified. Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO2-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass feedstocks were thermolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and fixed-bed reactor to produce a fuel precursor coined “bioleum”. Analysis of the thermolysis kinetics revealed an increase in the activation energy with heating rate for both aquatic species. Activation energies were lower than literature-reported values for lignocellulosics, corroborated by TGA thermolysis of pinewood. Thermolysis of microalgae resulted in higher bioleum and energy yields than for duckweed, reflecting differences in the biomass composition. The algal bioleum properties resemble those of crude petroleum except for higher nitrogen and oxygen content and acid number. Speciation identified 300+ compounds in the oil phase, with similar amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates, while acetic acid was the major species in the aqueous phase. The compounds were classified according to their degree of aromaticity, oxygenation, and nitrogenation.
AbstractList Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO(2)-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass feedstocks were thermolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and fixed-bed reactor to produce a fuel precursor coined "bioleum". Analysis of the thermolysis kinetics revealed an increase in the activation energy with heating rate for both aquatic species. Activation energies were lower than literature-reported values for lignocellulosics, corroborated by TGA thermolysis of pinewood. Thermolysis of microalgae resulted in higher bioleum and energy yields than for duckweed, reflecting differences in the biomass composition. The algal bioleum properties resemble those of crude petroleum except for higher nitrogen and oxygen content and acid number. Speciation identified 300+ compounds in the oil phase, with similar amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates, while acetic acid was the major species in the aqueous phase. The compounds were classified according to their degree of aromaticity, oxygenation, and nitrogenation.
Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO2-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass feedstocks were thermolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and fixed-bed reactor to produce a fuel precursor coined "bioleum". Analysis of the thermolysis kinetics revealed an increase in the activation energy with heating rate for both aquatic species. Activation energies were lower than literature-reported values for lignocellulosics, corroborated by TGA thermolysis of pinewood. Thermolysis of microalgae resulted in higher bioleum and energy yields than for duckweed, reflecting differences in the biomass composition. The algal bioleum properties resemble those of crude petroleum except for higher nitrogen and oxygen content and acid number. Speciation identified 300+ compounds in the oil phase, with similar amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates, while acetic acid was the major species in the aqueous phase. The compounds were classified according to their degree of aromaticity, oxygenation, and nitrogenation.
[Display omitted] ► Integrated study of microalgae and duckweed thermolysis. ► Bio-oil yield and energy content reflect differences in biomass composition. ► Algal and lemna bio-oil compares favorably to lignocellulosic bio-oil. ► Microalgae and duckweed bio-oil compounds identified and classified. Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO2-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass feedstocks were thermolyzed in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and fixed-bed reactor to produce a fuel precursor coined “bioleum”. Analysis of the thermolysis kinetics revealed an increase in the activation energy with heating rate for both aquatic species. Activation energies were lower than literature-reported values for lignocellulosics, corroborated by TGA thermolysis of pinewood. Thermolysis of microalgae resulted in higher bioleum and energy yields than for duckweed, reflecting differences in the biomass composition. The algal bioleum properties resemble those of crude petroleum except for higher nitrogen and oxygen content and acid number. Speciation identified 300+ compounds in the oil phase, with similar amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates, while acetic acid was the major species in the aqueous phase. The compounds were classified according to their degree of aromaticity, oxygenation, and nitrogenation.
Author Muncrief, Rachel
Griffith, David C.
Campanella, Alejandrina
Whitton, Norman M.
Weber, Robert S.
Harold, Michael P.
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Keywords Duckweed
Microalgae
Bio-fuel
Carbon dioxide
Thermolysis
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Snippet [Display omitted] ► Integrated study of microalgae and duckweed thermolysis. ► Bio-oil yield and energy content reflect differences in biomass composition. ►...
Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO(2)-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass...
Microalgae and duckweed were grown and harvested over a three-month period in CO2-sparged helioreactors and open earthen ponds, respectively. The biomass...
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SubjectTerms Acetic acid
Activation energy
Araceae - drug effects
Araceae - growth & development
Araceae - metabolism
Bio-fuel
Biofuels - analysis
Biomass
Bioreactors - microbiology
Biotechnology - methods
Carbon dioxide
Carbon Dioxide - pharmacology
Crude oil
Differential Thermal Analysis
Duckweed
Kinetics
Lignin - chemistry
Microalgae
Microalgae - drug effects
Microalgae - growth & development
Microalgae - metabolism
Oils - analysis
Oxygenation
Petroleum - analysis
Ponds
Reactors
Temperature
Thermogravimetry
Thermolysis
Time Factors
Title Thermolysis of microalgae and duckweed in a CO2-swept fixed-bed reactor: Bio-oil yield and compositional effects
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.115
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22285294
https://search.proquest.com/docview/923954359
https://search.proquest.com/docview/968168384
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