Diagnostic value of soluble biomarkers for parapneumonic pleural effusion

• Published in: Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Vol. 60; no. 3; pp. 233 - 247
• Main Authors: Cao, Xi-Shan, Zheng, Wen-Qi, Hu, Zhi-De
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 01.05.2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; circulating biomarkers; diagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Parapneumonic pleural effusion; Peptide Fragments; Pleural effusion; Pleural Effusion - diagnosis; Pleural Effusion - etiology; Pleural Effusion - metabolism; Pneumonia - complications; Pneumonia - diagnosis; ROC Curve; diagnosis; circulating biomarkers; Parapneumonic pleural effusion
• ISSN: 1040-8363; 1549-781X
• DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2022.2158779

Parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) is a common complication in patients with pneumonia. Timely and accurate diagnosis of PPE is of great value for its management. Measurement of biomarkers in circulating and pleural fluid have the advantages of easy accessibility, short turn-around time, objectiveness and low cost and thus have utility for PPE diagnosis and stratification. To date, many biomarkers have been reported to be of value for the management of PPE. Here, we review the values of pleural fluid and circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis and stratification PPE. The biomarkers discussed are C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, presepsin, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, inflammatory markers, serum amyloid A, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, matrix metalloproteinases, pentraxin-3 and cell-free DNA. We found that none of the available biomarkers has adequate performance for diagnosing and stratifying PPE. Therefore, further work is needed to identify and validate novel biomarkers, and their combinations, for the management of PPE.