Nel positively regulates the genesis of retinal ganglion cells by promoting their differentiation and survival during development

For correct functioning of the nervous system, the appropriate number and complement of neuronal cell types must be produced during development. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the production of individual classes of neurons are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the fu...

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Published inMolecular biology of the cell Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. 234 - 244
Main Authors Nakamoto, Chizu, Kuan, Soh-Leh, Findlay, Amy S, Durward, Elaine, Ouyang, Zhufeng, Zakrzewska, Ewa D, Endo, Takuma, Nakamoto, Masaru
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States The American Society for Cell Biology 15.01.2014
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Abstract For correct functioning of the nervous system, the appropriate number and complement of neuronal cell types must be produced during development. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the production of individual classes of neurons are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the function of the thrombospondin-1-like glycoprotein, Nel (neural epidermal growth factor [EGF]-like), in the generation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in chicks. During eye development, Nel is strongly expressed in the presumptive retinal pigment epithelium and RGCs. Nel overexpression in the developing retina by in ovo electroporation increases the number of RGCs, whereas the number of displaced amacrine cells decreases. Conversely, knockdown of Nel expression by transposon-mediated introduction of RNA interference constructs results in decrease in RGC number and increase in the number of displaced amacrine cells. Modifications of Nel expression levels do not appear to affect proliferation of retinal progenitor cells, but they significantly alter the progression rate of RGC differentiation from the central retina to the periphery. Furthermore, Nel protects RGCs from apoptosis during retinal development. These results indicate that Nel positively regulates RGC production by promoting their differentiation and survival during development.
AbstractList For correct functioning of the nervous system, the appropriate number and complement of neuronal cell types must be produced during development. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the production of individual classes of neurons are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the function of the thrombospondin-1–like glycoprotein, Nel (neural epidermal growth factor [EGF]-like), in the generation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in chicks. During eye development, Nel is strongly expressed in the presumptive retinal pigment epithelium and RGCs. Nel overexpression in the developing retina by in ovo electroporation increases the number of RGCs, whereas the number of displaced amacrine cells decreases. Conversely, knockdown of Nel expression by transposon-mediated introduction of RNA interference constructs results in decrease in RGC number and increase in the number of displaced amacrine cells. Modifications of Nel expression levels do not appear to affect proliferation of retinal progenitor cells, but they significantly alter the progression rate of RGC differentiation from the central retina to the periphery. Furthermore, Nel protects RGCs from apoptosis during retinal development. These results indicate that Nel positively regulates RGC production by promoting their differentiation and survival during development.
Nel is a thrombospondin-1–like extracellular glycoprotein that is predominantly expressed in the vertebrate nervous system. It stimulates the genesis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by promoting their differentiation and survival during development and is essential for production of proper numbers of RGCs. For correct functioning of the nervous system, the appropriate number and complement of neuronal cell types must be produced during development. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the production of individual classes of neurons are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the function of the thrombospondin-1–like glycoprotein, Nel (neural epidermal growth factor [EGF]-like), in the generation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in chicks. During eye development, Nel is strongly expressed in the presumptive retinal pigment epithelium and RGCs. Nel overexpression in the developing retina by in ovo electroporation increases the number of RGCs, whereas the number of displaced amacrine cells decreases. Conversely, knockdown of Nel expression by transposon-mediated introduction of RNA interference constructs results in decrease in RGC number and increase in the number of displaced amacrine cells. Modifications of Nel expression levels do not appear to affect proliferation of retinal progenitor cells, but they significantly alter the progression rate of RGC differentiation from the central retina to the periphery. Furthermore, Nel protects RGCs from apoptosis during retinal development. These results indicate that Nel positively regulates RGC production by promoting their differentiation and survival during development.
Author Ouyang, Zhufeng
Kuan, Soh-Leh
Durward, Elaine
Nakamoto, Masaru
Nakamoto, Chizu
Findlay, Amy S
Zakrzewska, Ewa D
Endo, Takuma
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Snippet For correct functioning of the nervous system, the appropriate number and complement of neuronal cell types must be produced during development. However, the...
Nel is a thrombospondin-1–like extracellular glycoprotein that is predominantly expressed in the vertebrate nervous system. It stimulates the genesis of...
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StartPage 234
SubjectTerms Animals
Apoptosis - genetics
Avian Proteins - genetics
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell Survival - genetics
Chickens
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Glycoproteins - genetics
Retina - growth & development
Retina - metabolism
Retinal Ganglion Cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - metabolism
Thrombospondins - genetics
Thrombospondins - metabolism
Title Nel positively regulates the genesis of retinal ganglion cells by promoting their differentiation and survival during development
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24258025
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1490700404
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3890344
Volume 25
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