Structural and mixing characteristics influenced by streamwise vortices in supersonic flow
By utilizing nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering method, the flow structures and mixing characteristics with the existence of large-scale streamwise vortices generated by a lobed mixer are investigated experimentally. The emergence and evolution of streamwise and spanwise vortices and the int...
Saved in:
| Published in | Applied physics letters Vol. 110; no. 12 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Melville
American Institute of Physics
20.03.2017
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | By utilizing nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering method, the flow structures and mixing characteristics with the existence of large-scale streamwise vortices generated by a lobed mixer are investigated experimentally. The emergence and evolution of streamwise and spanwise vortices and the interaction between these two kinds of vortical structures are clearly exhibited. Fractal analysis reveals that streamwise vortices are strongly convoluted and possess complicated three-dimensional characteristics, which can favor molecular mixing. The turbulent/non-turbulent interface is obviously present, in which drastic turbulent entrainment occurs. Moreover, the emergence of typical T-shaped vortex suggests that this kind of vortex is a usual topological structure in turbulent transition region. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | By utilizing nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering method, the flow structures and mixing characteristics with the existence of large-scale streamwise vortices generated by a lobed mixer are investigated experimentally. The emergence and evolution of streamwise and spanwise vortices and the interaction between these two kinds of vortical structures are clearly exhibited. Fractal analysis reveals that streamwise vortices are strongly convoluted and possess complicated three-dimensional characteristics, which can favor molecular mixing. The turbulent/non-turbulent interface is obviously present, in which drastic turbulent entrainment occurs. Moreover, the emergence of typical T-shaped vortex suggests that this kind of vortex is a usual topological structure in turbulent transition region. |
| Author | Zhang, Dongdong Tan, Jianguo Hou, Juwei |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dongdong surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Dongdong organization: Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, Changsha 410073, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jianguo surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Jianguo email: jianguotan@hotmail.com organization: Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, Changsha 410073, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Juwei surname: Hou fullname: Hou, Juwei organization: Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, Changsha 410073, China |
| BookMark | eNp90E1LAzEQBuAgFWyrB_9BwJPCtpnNfh6lWBUKHtSLl5DNJpqyTdYka-2_d2srgqinYeCZGeYdoYGxRiJ0CmQCJKNTmCRlXpI0OUBDIHkeUYBigIaEEBplZQpHaOT9sm_TmNIheroPrhOhc7zB3NR4pd-1ecbihTsugnTaBy081kY1nTRC1rjaYB-c5Ku19hK_WdcDuRXYd6103hotsGrs-hgdKt54ebKvY_Q4v3qY3USLu-vb2eUiErSkIUq4SHmm4hRECRWpSK6KTBYC8v6PoqwSzhMVUynKmFNFaRbLqm8rKDKiakjpGJ3t9rbOvnbSB7a0nTP9SRZDnKQU6Kc63ynhrPdOKtY6veJuw4CwbXQM2D663k5_WKEDD9qa4Lhufp242E34L_nv-j9xH-c3ZG2t6Af13I9A |
| CODEN | APPLAB |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actaastro_2018_11_018 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0189960 crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6501_ab7f77 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actaastro_2018_08_036 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5100643 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0121587 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5026375 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5087540 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actaastro_2020_04_044 crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5002111 crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0005156 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1017/S0022112000001622 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.08.022 10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.09.001 10.1063/1.4933250 10.1017/S0022112088003325 10.1007/s11433-009-0180-4 10.1017/jfm.2012.400 10.2514/2.7455 10.1063/1.4790286 10.1063/1.1481741 10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.002111 10.1017/S0022112074001121 10.1017/jfm.2013.553 10.1063/1.4761833 10.1007/s11433-008-0097-3 10.1007/s11431-009-0281-3 10.1063/1.4938215 10.1146/annurev.fl.23.010191.002543 10.2514/1.11004 10.1063/1.4823699 10.2514/1.9178 10.2514/2.5876 10.2514/1.B34601 10.1007/s12650-015-0321-y |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Author(s) 2017 Author(s). Published by AIP Publishing. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Author(s) – notice: 2017 Author(s). Published by AIP Publishing. |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 8FD H8D L7M |
| DOI | 10.1063/1.4979054 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Technology Research Database Aerospace Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Technology Research Database Aerospace Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace |
| DatabaseTitleList | Technology Research Database CrossRef |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Physics |
| EISSN | 1077-3118 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1063_1_4979054 apl |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Graduate Student Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province grantid: CX2016B001 – fundername: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) grantid: 11272351; 91441121 funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809 |
| GroupedDBID | -DZ -~X .DC 1UP 2-P 23M 4.4 53G 5GY 5VS 6J9 A9. AAAAW AABDS AAEUA AAGZG AAPUP AAYIH ABFTF ABJNI ABRJW ABZEH ACBEA ACBRY ACGFO ACGFS ACLYJ ACNCT ACZLF ADCTM AEGXH AEJMO AENEX AFATG AFHCQ AGKCL AGLKD AGMXG AGTJO AHSDT AIAGR AJJCW AJQPL ALEPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AQWKA ATXIE AWQPM BPZLN CS3 D0L EBS EJD ESX F.2 F5P FDOHQ FFFMQ HAM M6X M71 M73 N9A NPSNA O-B P2P RIP RNS RQS SJN TAE TN5 UCJ UPT WH7 XJE YZZ ~02 AAGWI AAYXX ABJGX ADMLS BDMKI CITATION 8FD H8D L7M |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-4ac5a6f251c91b0b07f86e8c1779089b4aa4f23ec92a3f3362eb23eb1860fd153 |
| ISSN | 0003-6951 |
| IngestDate | Sun Jun 29 13:25:04 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 01:15:46 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:00:43 EDT 2025 Fri Jun 21 00:15:54 EDT 2024 Sun Jul 14 11:29:23 EDT 2019 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 12 |
| Language | English |
| License | 0003-6951/2017/110(12)/124101/5/$30.00 Published by AIP Publishing. |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c393t-4ac5a6f251c91b0b07f86e8c1779089b4aa4f23ec92a3f3362eb23eb1860fd153 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
| PQID | 2124531315 |
| PQPubID | 2050678 |
| PageCount | 5 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4979054 crossref_citationtrail_10_1063_1_4979054 scitation_primary_10_1063_1_4979054 proquest_journals_2124531315 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 20170320 2017-03-20 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2017-03-20 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2017 text: 20170320 day: 20 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Melville |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Melville |
| PublicationTitle | Applied physics letters |
| PublicationYear | 2017 |
| Publisher | American Institute of Physics |
| Publisher_xml | – name: American Institute of Physics |
| References | Fry (c1) 2004 Papamoschou, Roshko (c3) 1988 Belovich, Samimy (c10) 1997 Seiner, Dash, Kenzakowski (c2) 2001 Brinkerhoff, Oria, Yaras (c6) 2013 Feng, Shen, Wang (c17) 2015 Zhang, Tan, Lv, Wang (c16) 2016 Tian, Yi, Zhao (c14) 2009 Zhao, Yi, Tian, He, Cheng (c24) 2008 Sheng, Huang, Zhao, Ji (c11) 2015 Humble, Peltier, Bowersox (c23) 2012 Zhao, Yi, Tian (c13) 2009 Winant, Browand (c19) 1974 Wang, Wang, Lei, Feng (c7) 2013 Freund, Lele, Moin (c8) 2000 Jahanbakhshi, Vaghefi, Madnia (c21) 2015 Wang, Xia, Zhao, Wang, Liu (c15) 2013 Gutmark, Schadow, Yu (c4) 1995 Tew, Hermanson, Waitz (c9) 2004 Zhang, Tan, Lv (c12) 2015 Coats, D'Ovidio (c20) 2013 Sreenivasan (c22) 1991 Zhou, He, Shen (c18) 2012 Hu, Saga, Kobayashi, Taniguchi (c5) 2002 (2023061716504047000_c22) 1991; 23 (2023061716504047000_c4) 1995; 27 (2023061716504047000_c8) 2000; 421 (2023061716504047000_c16) 2016; 19 (2023061716504047000_c19) 1974; 63 (2023061716504047000_c18) 2012; 711 (2023061716504047000_c15) 2013; 102 (2023061716504047000_c1) 2004; 20 (2023061716504047000_c5) 2002; 14 (2023061716504047000_c14) 2009; 52 (2023061716504047000_c2) 2001; 17 (2023061716504047000_c21) 2015; 27 (2023061716504047000_c6) 2013; 29 (2023061716504047000_c13) 2009; 52 (2023061716504047000_c23) 2012; 24 (2023061716504047000_c17) 2015; 107 (2023061716504047000_c3) 1988; 197 (2023061716504047000_c9) 2004; 42 (2023061716504047000_c12) 2015; 117 (2023061716504047000_c7) 2013; 103 (2023061716504047000_c20) 2013; 737 (2023061716504047000_c24) 2008; 51 (2023061716504047000_c10) 1997; 35 (2023061716504047000_c11) 2015; 91 |
| References_xml | – start-page: 105105 year: 2015 ident: c21 article-title: Baroclinic vorticity generation near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a compressible shear layer publication-title: Phys. Fluids – start-page: 375 year: 1995 ident: c4 article-title: Mixing enhancement in supersonic free shear flows publication-title: Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 671 year: 2015 ident: c11 article-title: Configurations of lobed nozzles for high mixing effectiveness publication-title: Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer – start-page: 061911 year: 2013 ident: c15 article-title: Vortical structures of supersonic flow over a delta-wing on a flat plate publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. – start-page: 229 year: 2000 ident: c8 article-title: Compressible effects in a turbulent annular mixing layer, Part 1. Turbulence and growth rate publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 1273 year: 2001 ident: c2 article-title: Historical survey on enhanced mixing in scramjet engines publication-title: J. Propul. Power – start-page: 453 year: 1988 ident: c3 article-title: The compressible turbulent shear layer: An experimental study publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 1017 year: 2013 ident: c6 article-title: Experimental and computational study of mixing mechanisms in an axisymmetric lobed mixer publication-title: J. Propul. Power – start-page: 1134 year: 2008 ident: c24 article-title: The fractal measurement of experimental images of supersonic turbulent mixing layer publication-title: Sci. China, Ser. G – start-page: 179 year: 2016 ident: c16 article-title: Visualization of flow structures and mixing characteristics induced by forced vibration in supersonic mixing layer publication-title: J. Visualization – start-page: 437 year: 2012 ident: c18 article-title: Direct numerical simulation of a spatially developing compressible plane mixing layer: Flow structures and mean flow properties publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 106103 year: 2012 ident: c23 article-title: Visualization of the structural response of a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer to convex curvature publication-title: Phys. Fluids – start-page: 440 year: 2015 ident: c12 article-title: Investigation on flow and mixing characteristics of supersonic mixing layer induced by forced vibration of cantilever publication-title: Acta Astronaut. – start-page: 539 year: 1991 ident: c22 article-title: Fractals and multifractals in fluid turbulence publication-title: Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 3640 year: 2009 ident: c13 article-title: Supersonic flow imaging via nano-particles publication-title: Sci. China, Ser. E – start-page: 27 year: 2004 ident: c1 article-title: A century of ramjet propulsion technology evolution publication-title: J. Propul. Power – start-page: 144102 year: 2013 ident: c7 article-title: Characteristics of mixing enhanced by streamwise vortices in supersonic flow publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. – start-page: 237 year: 1974 ident: c19 article-title: Vortex pairing: The mechanism of turbulent mixing-layer growth at moderate Reynolds number publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 838 year: 1997 ident: c10 article-title: Mixing processes in a coaxial geometry with a central lobed mixer-nozzle publication-title: AIAA J. – start-page: 254101 year: 2015 ident: c17 article-title: Three-dimensional evolution of large-scale vortices in supersonic flow publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. – start-page: 1357 year: 2009 ident: c14 article-title: Study of density field measurement based on NPLS technique in supersonic flow publication-title: Sci. China Ser. G – start-page: 466 year: 2013 ident: c20 article-title: Coherent-structure evolution in turbulent mixing layers, Part 1. Experimental evidence publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. – start-page: 2128 year: 2002 ident: c5 article-title: A study on a lobed jet mixing flow by using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique publication-title: Phys. Fluids – start-page: 2393 year: 2004 ident: c9 article-title: Impact of compressibility on mixing downstream of lobed mixers publication-title: AIAA J. – volume: 421 start-page: 229 year: 2000 ident: 2023061716504047000_c8 article-title: Compressible effects in a turbulent annular mixing layer, Part 1. Turbulence and growth rate publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/S0022112000001622 – volume: 91 start-page: 671 year: 2015 ident: 2023061716504047000_c11 article-title: Configurations of lobed nozzles for high mixing effectiveness publication-title: Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.08.022 – volume: 117 start-page: 440 year: 2015 ident: 2023061716504047000_c12 article-title: Investigation on flow and mixing characteristics of supersonic mixing layer induced by forced vibration of cantilever publication-title: Acta Astronaut. doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2015.09.001 – volume: 27 start-page: 105105 year: 2015 ident: 2023061716504047000_c21 article-title: Baroclinic vorticity generation near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a compressible shear layer publication-title: Phys. Fluids doi: 10.1063/1.4933250 – volume: 197 start-page: 453 year: 1988 ident: 2023061716504047000_c3 article-title: The compressible turbulent shear layer: An experimental study publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/S0022112088003325 – volume: 52 start-page: 1357 year: 2009 ident: 2023061716504047000_c14 article-title: Study of density field measurement based on NPLS technique in supersonic flow publication-title: Sci. China Ser. G doi: 10.1007/s11433-009-0180-4 – volume: 711 start-page: 437 year: 2012 ident: 2023061716504047000_c18 article-title: Direct numerical simulation of a spatially developing compressible plane mixing layer: Flow structures and mean flow properties publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2012.400 – volume: 35 start-page: 838 year: 1997 ident: 2023061716504047000_c10 article-title: Mixing processes in a coaxial geometry with a central lobed mixer-nozzle publication-title: AIAA J. doi: 10.2514/2.7455 – volume: 102 start-page: 061911 year: 2013 ident: 2023061716504047000_c15 article-title: Vortical structures of supersonic flow over a delta-wing on a flat plate publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. doi: 10.1063/1.4790286 – volume: 14 start-page: 2128 year: 2002 ident: 2023061716504047000_c5 article-title: A study on a lobed jet mixing flow by using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique publication-title: Phys. Fluids doi: 10.1063/1.1481741 – volume: 27 start-page: 375 year: 1995 ident: 2023061716504047000_c4 article-title: Mixing enhancement in supersonic free shear flows publication-title: Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.002111 – volume: 63 start-page: 237 year: 1974 ident: 2023061716504047000_c19 article-title: Vortex pairing: The mechanism of turbulent mixing-layer growth at moderate Reynolds number publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/S0022112074001121 – volume: 737 start-page: 466 year: 2013 ident: 2023061716504047000_c20 article-title: Coherent-structure evolution in turbulent mixing layers, Part 1. Experimental evidence publication-title: J. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2013.553 – volume: 24 start-page: 106103 year: 2012 ident: 2023061716504047000_c23 article-title: Visualization of the structural response of a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer to convex curvature publication-title: Phys. Fluids doi: 10.1063/1.4761833 – volume: 51 start-page: 1134 year: 2008 ident: 2023061716504047000_c24 article-title: The fractal measurement of experimental images of supersonic turbulent mixing layer publication-title: Sci. China, Ser. G doi: 10.1007/s11433-008-0097-3 – volume: 52 start-page: 3640 year: 2009 ident: 2023061716504047000_c13 article-title: Supersonic flow imaging via nano-particles publication-title: Sci. China, Ser. E doi: 10.1007/s11431-009-0281-3 – volume: 107 start-page: 254101 year: 2015 ident: 2023061716504047000_c17 article-title: Three-dimensional evolution of large-scale vortices in supersonic flow publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. doi: 10.1063/1.4938215 – volume: 23 start-page: 539 year: 1991 ident: 2023061716504047000_c22 article-title: Fractals and multifractals in fluid turbulence publication-title: Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. doi: 10.1146/annurev.fl.23.010191.002543 – volume: 42 start-page: 2393 year: 2004 ident: 2023061716504047000_c9 article-title: Impact of compressibility on mixing downstream of lobed mixers publication-title: AIAA J. doi: 10.2514/1.11004 – volume: 103 start-page: 144102 year: 2013 ident: 2023061716504047000_c7 article-title: Characteristics of mixing enhanced by streamwise vortices in supersonic flow publication-title: Appl. Phys. Lett. doi: 10.1063/1.4823699 – volume: 20 start-page: 27 year: 2004 ident: 2023061716504047000_c1 article-title: A century of ramjet propulsion technology evolution publication-title: J. Propul. Power doi: 10.2514/1.9178 – volume: 17 start-page: 1273 year: 2001 ident: 2023061716504047000_c2 article-title: Historical survey on enhanced mixing in scramjet engines publication-title: J. Propul. Power doi: 10.2514/2.5876 – volume: 29 start-page: 1017 year: 2013 ident: 2023061716504047000_c6 article-title: Experimental and computational study of mixing mechanisms in an axisymmetric lobed mixer publication-title: J. Propul. Power doi: 10.2514/1.B34601 – volume: 19 start-page: 179 year: 2016 ident: 2023061716504047000_c16 article-title: Visualization of flow structures and mixing characteristics induced by forced vibration in supersonic mixing layer publication-title: J. Visualization doi: 10.1007/s12650-015-0321-y |
| SSID | ssj0005233 |
| Score | 2.4201248 |
| Snippet | By utilizing nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering method, the flow structures and mixing characteristics with the existence of large-scale streamwise... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref scitation |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| SubjectTerms | Air flow Applied physics Boundary layer Emergence Entrainment Fluid dynamics Fluid flow Fractal analysis Nanoparticles Supersonic flow T shape Vortices |
| Title | Structural and mixing characteristics influenced by streamwise vortices in supersonic flow |
| URI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4979054 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2124531315 |
| Volume | 110 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Ra9swEBZdy1j3ULpupVm7IbY9DII7yZKd6LGsG2WsY9AWyl6MpMjDkMaBpE27X7-TZFluFka3F5EYxTH6Puk-nXV3CL3LUsElWJqEUpYlnBICc06ahElXUMS2Nt759Ft-csG_XGaXscamiy6Zq0P9a2Vcyf-gCtcAVxsl-w_ItjeFC_AZ8IUWEIb2QRifueSvLnGG9X9fVbcuhHYpB3MV6pA4rWmDQ-TVopqZ_k1tb-lOZPVn11OnvSvdL8f1oqtZg1D1TpBZf-wigFot3rqcj-vJz1HdWELnDPBxH5V1idYtf-prHw2yMFXX5QBmjLAkJfeWUZbkoskUa_zKSQbW4dkspmFppaTLoXTlmg0iyboPDrmwycJ4NEzhZfySvWpPEbr35zkraNH89BHaSGG3AMvdxtHx6dezzlkfxkLpRPvcIcVUzj60_3tfmMTdxhOQIv5UREd4nG-jrWbHgI88_M_QmpnsoKedPJI76PF3D81z9CNSAgMlsKcEXqIEjpTA6g5HSuBACeiBIyWwpcQLdPH50_nHk6Qpn5FoJtg84VJnMi9BwGpBFVFkUA5zM9TUppgcCsWl5GXKjBapZCUDJWMUfFV0mJNyBJZwF61P6onZQ3ggFWdcG51rw9lACiHLVGXGxhfZhHs99D6MXRFGy5Y4GRd_YNRDb9quU59QZVWngwBA0cy3WQEii4PFYDTrobctKH-7yYpeMIyxRzEdlS8f8jz7aDPOgwO0DlCaVyBG5-p1Q7XfRoGKrA |
| linkProvider | EBSCOhost |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Structural+and+mixing+characteristics+influenced+by+streamwise+vortices+in+supersonic+flow&rft.jtitle=Applied+physics+letters&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Dongdong&rft.au=Tan%2C+Jianguo&rft.au=Hou%2C+Juwei&rft.date=2017-03-20&rft.issn=0003-6951&rft.eissn=1077-3118&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=12&rft_id=info:doi/10.1063%2F1.4979054&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1063_1_4979054 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0003-6951&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0003-6951&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0003-6951&client=summon |