Neutron spectra in the atmosphere from interactions of primary cosmic rays
Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model fluka for various depths down to sea level. We discuss the environmental models describing the primary cosmic ray spectrum and details of the calculations. Neutron en...
Saved in:
Published in | Advances in space research Vol. 21; no. 12; pp. 1717 - 1726 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.01.1998
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model
fluka for various depths down to sea level. We discuss the environmental models describing the primary cosmic ray spectrum and details of the calculations. Neutron energy spectra are presented for different depths in the atmosphere and for different geographical locations. By comparing results of calculations to measurements on neutron spectra it is shown that
fluka may serve as an important tool for the estimation of the radiation environment in the atmosphere. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model FLUKA for various depths down to sea level. We discuss the environmental models describing the primary cosmic ray spectrum and details of the calculations. Neutron energy spectra are presented for different depths in the atmosphere and for different geographical locations. By comparing results of calculations to measurements on neutron spectra it is shown that FLUKA may serve as an important tool for the estimation of the radiation environment in the atmosphere. Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model fluka for various depths down to sea level. We discuss the environmental models describing the primary cosmic ray spectrum and details of the calculations. Neutron energy spectra are presented for different depths in the atmosphere and for different geographical locations. By comparing results of calculations to measurements on neutron spectra it is shown that fluka may serve as an important tool for the estimation of the radiation environment in the atmosphere. The FLUKA Monte Carlo model is here used to calculate the spectra of neutrons on the basis of various interactions of cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere, for various altitudes down to sea level. Attention is given to environmental models for the primary cosmic ray spectrum, and neutron energy spectra are obtained for various atmospheric altitudes and geographical locations. (AIAA) |
Author | Roesler, S. Schraube, H. Heinrich, W. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: S. surname: Roesler fullname: Roesler, S. organization: Universitat Siegen, Fachbereich Physik, D-57068 Siegen, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: W. surname: Heinrich fullname: Heinrich, W. organization: Universitat Siegen, Fachbereich Physik, D-57068 Siegen, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: H. surname: Schraube fullname: Schraube, H. organization: GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Strahlenschutz, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11542891$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNqFkE1PwzAMhiM0xDbgJ4ByQnAoxGmbjxNCE59CcADOUZq6ImhtRtIh7d_TsQmOnGxZz2vLz5SMutAhIUfAzoGBuHhhXOYZgJSnWp0xxkqVwQ6ZgJI6A12oEZn8ImMyTemDMeBSsj0yBigLrjRMyMMTLvsYOpoW6Ppoqe9o_47U9m1Ii3eMSJsY2mHcY7Su96FLNDR0EX1r44q6kFrvaLSrdEB2GztPeLit--Tt5vp1dpc9Pt_ez64eM5dr3mdNwRsn0IpSFFXBJViQqqmLqrFKc-B1jhoFL2TFSysqKGrH1z1wu565fJ-cbPYuYvhcYupN65PD-dx2GJbJSC3yXIH-F-RCaKY1G8ByA7oYUorYmO17BphZ2zY_ts1apdHK_Ng2MOSOtweWVYv1X2qrdwAuNwAOPr48RpOcx85h7eOg29TB_3PiG6mokMg |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1029_2007JE003047 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNS_2009_2019618 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nima_2004_01_044 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNS_2019_2952003 crossref_primary_10_1093_rpd_ncx260 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNS_2004_839130 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jenvrad_2015_12_002 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNS_2012_2231699 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_asr_2014_06_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nima_2007_12_031 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rpor_2010_11_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_icarus_2012_10_033 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nima_2016_01_012 crossref_primary_10_1080_18811248_2010_9720972 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNS_2012_2201500 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/0168-583X(92)95359-Y 10.1088/0305-4470/8/9/023 10.1029/JZ068i019p05487 10.1016/0370-1573(94)90064-7 10.1103/PhysRev.116.445 10.1029/JA078i016p02715 10.1029/JZ071i021p05109 10.1029/JA084iA08p04401 10.1016/0010-4655(86)90162-1 10.1016/0927-6505(94)00039-6 10.1097/00004032-197804000-00008 10.1007/BF02823324 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 1998 COSPAR |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 1998 COSPAR |
DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 8FD FR3 H8D KR7 L7M 7X8 |
DOI | 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1 |
DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database Aerospace Database Civil Engineering Abstracts Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef Aerospace Database Civil Engineering Abstracts Engineering Research Database Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic Aerospace Database |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Engineering Astronomy & Astrophysics Physics |
EISSN | 1879-1948 |
EndPage | 1726 |
ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_S0273_1177_98_00058_1 11542891 S0273117798000581 |
Genre | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Comparative Study |
GeographicLocations | Germany |
GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Germany |
GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: CIT NIH HHS grantid: FI3P-CT92-0026 – fundername: CIT NIH HHS grantid: CT95-0008 |
GroupedDBID | --K --M -~X .~1 0R~ 1B1 1RT 1~. 1~5 23M 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO ABFNM ABJNI ABMAC ABNEU ABQEM ABQYD ABTAH ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACFVG ACGFS ACLVX ACNNM ACRLP ACSBN ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD AEBSH AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AI. AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AIVDX AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG ATOGT AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BKOJK BLXMC CS3 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HMA HME HVGLF HX~ HZ~ IHE IMUCA J1W KOM LY3 LZ4 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OGIMB OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SDF SDG SEP SES SEW SHN SPC SPCBC SSE SSQ SSZ T5K T9H UHS VH1 VOH WUQ ZMT ZY4 ~02 ~G- AKRWK CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAXKI AAYXX CITATION 8FD FR3 H8D KR7 L7M 7X8 |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-f42fc6ea6564b4271a178fd4bfa89212d3e9e6247b25a6b14dc27b2512a47b2c3 |
IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
ISSN | 0273-1177 |
IngestDate | Fri Aug 16 22:49:50 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 16 09:04:25 EDT 2024 Thu Sep 12 18:23:37 EDT 2024 Thu May 23 23:05:26 EDT 2024 Fri Feb 23 02:35:31 EST 2024 |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 12 |
Language | English |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c392t-f42fc6ea6564b4271a178fd4bfa89212d3e9e6247b25a6b14dc27b2512a47b2c3 |
Notes | SourceType-Scholarly Journals-2 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Conference Paper-1 content type line 23 SourceType-Conference Papers & Proceedings-1 ObjectType-Article-3 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 |
PMID | 11542891 |
PQID | 26690990 |
PQPubID | 23500 |
PageCount | 10 |
ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_79633819 proquest_miscellaneous_26690990 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0273_1177_98_00058_1 pubmed_primary_11542891 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_S0273_1177_98_00058_1 |
PublicationCentury | 1900 |
PublicationDate | 1998-01-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1998-01-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 1998 text: 1998-01-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 1990 |
PublicationPlace | England |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
PublicationTitle | Advances in space research |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Adv Space Res |
PublicationYear | 1998 |
Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
References | Battistoni, Forti, Ranft, Roesler (bib6) 1996 O'Brien (bib27) 1975; 8 Hess, Patterson, Wallace, Chupp (bib19) 1959; 116 Ferrari, Sala, Guaraldi, Padoani (bib12) 1992; B71 Hänssgen, Ranft (bib17) 1986; 39 Ferrari, Ranft, Roesler, Sala (bib14) 1996; C70 Mendell, Korff (bib24) 1963; 68 Ferrari, A., private communication (1995). Heinrich, Spill (bib18) 1979; 84 O'Brien (bib26) 1971; 3A Armstrong, Chandler, Barish (bib3) 1973; 78 Höfert, Stevenson (bib21) 1994 Fassò, Ferrari, Ranft, Sala (bib10) 1994 Schraube, Jakes, Sannikov, Weitzenegger, Roesler, Heinrich (bib31) 1996 Aarnio, Fassò, Ferrari, Ranft, Sala (bib1) 1994 Cuccoli, Ferrari, Panini (bib9) 1991 Pfeifer, Roesler, Simon (bib29) 1996; C54 Gaisser (bib16) 1990 Holt, Mendell, Korff (bib22) 1966; 71 O'Brien (bib28) 1978 Ichimura, Kogawa, Kuramata, Mito, Murabayashi (bib23) 1993; D48 Fassò, Ferrari, Ranft, Sala (bib11) 1994 Hewitt, Hughes, Baum, Kuehner, McCaslin (bib20) 1978; 34 Battistoni (bib4) 1993 Adams, Silberberg, Tsao (bib2) 1981 Ferrari, Ranft, Roesler, Sala (bib15) 1996; C71 Birattari, De Ponti, Esposito, Ferrari, Magugliani (bib7) 1995 Sala, Ferrari (bib30) 1994 Merker (bib25) 1973; 25 Battistoni, Forti, Ranft (bib5) 1995; 3 Capella, Sukhatme, Tan, Tran Thanh Van (bib8) 1994; 236 Pfeifer (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib29) 1996; C54 Fassò (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib10) 1994 Adams (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib2) 1981 Cuccoli (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib9) 1991 O'Brien (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib28) 1978 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib13 Heinrich (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib18) 1979; 84 Sala (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib30) 1994 Holt (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib22) 1966; 71 Schraube (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib31) 1996 Hewitt (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib20) 1978; 34 Merker (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib25) 1973; 25 Aarnio (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib1) 1994 Armstrong (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib3) 1973; 78 Ichimura (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib23) 1993; D48 Hess (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib19) 1959; 116 Battistoni (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib4) 1993 Birattari (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib7) 1995 Gaisser (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib16) 1990 Höfert (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib21) 1994 Battistoni (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib5) 1995; 3 Hänssgen (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib17) 1986; 39 Ferrari (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib14) 1996; C70 O'Brien (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib27) 1975; 8 Fassò (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib11) 1994 Capella (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib8) 1994; 236 Mendell (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib24) 1963; 68 Ferrari (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib12) 1992; B71 Battistoni (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib6) 1996 Ferrari (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib15) 1996; C71 O'Brien (10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib26) 1971; 3A |
References_xml | – volume: 236 start-page: 227 year: 1994 ident: bib8 article-title: Dual Parton Model publication-title: Phys. Rep. contributor: fullname: Tran Thanh Van – volume: C70 start-page: 413 year: 1996 ident: bib14 article-title: Cascade particles, nuclear evaporation, and residual nuclei in high energy hadron-nucleus interactions publication-title: Z. Phys. contributor: fullname: Sala – volume: C71 start-page: 75 year: 1996 ident: bib15 article-title: The production of residual nuclei in peripheral high energy nucleus-nucleus interactions publication-title: Z. Phys. contributor: fullname: Sala – year: 1990 ident: bib16 article-title: Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics contributor: fullname: Gaisser – start-page: 287 year: 1994 ident: bib11 article-title: FLUKA: Performances and Applications in the Intermediate Energy Range publication-title: Proceedings of the 1st Specialists' Meeting on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities contributor: fullname: Sala – volume: 3A start-page: 521 year: 1971 ident: bib26 article-title: Cosmic-Ray Propagation in the Atmosphere publication-title: Il Nuovo Cimento contributor: fullname: O'Brien – start-page: 88 year: 1994 ident: bib1 publication-title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Monte Carlo Simulation in High Energy and Nuclear Physics, MC'93 contributor: fullname: Sala – year: 1981 ident: bib2 article-title: Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics, Part I: The Near-Earth Particle Environment publication-title: NRL Memorandum Report 4506 contributor: fullname: Tsao – volume: 78 start-page: 2715 year: 1973 ident: bib3 article-title: Calculations of Neutron Flux Spectra Induced in the Earth's Atmosphere by Galactic Cosmic Rays publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. contributor: fullname: Barish – volume: 34 start-page: 375 year: 1978 ident: bib20 article-title: Ames Collaborative Study of Cosmic Ray Neutrons: Mid-Latitude Flights publication-title: Health Physics contributor: fullname: McCaslin – volume: 68 start-page: 5487 year: 1963 ident: bib24 article-title: Fast Neutron Flux in the Atmosphere publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. contributor: fullname: Korff – volume: D48 start-page: 1949 year: 1993 ident: bib23 article-title: Observation of heavy cosmic ray primaries over the wide energy range from 100 GeV/particle to 100 TeV/particle: Is the celebrated “knee” actually so prominent? publication-title: Phys. Rev. contributor: fullname: Murabayashi – year: 1991 ident: bib9 article-title: A group library from JEF 1.1 for flux calculations in the LHC machine detectors publication-title: ENEA-Bologna Report JEF-DOC-340 contributor: fullname: Panini – start-page: 503 year: 1993 ident: bib4 article-title: Monte Carlo simulations in high-energy cosmic ray physics publication-title: presented at the IVth International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics contributor: fullname: Battistoni – volume: 71 start-page: 5109 year: 1966 ident: bib22 article-title: Fast Neutron Latitude Variations in the Atmosphere at Solar Minimum publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. contributor: fullname: Korff – volume: C54 start-page: 882 year: 1996 ident: bib29 article-title: The Production of Antiprotons in the Upper Atmosphere by Interacting Primary Cosmic Rays publication-title: Phys. Rev. contributor: fullname: Simon – year: 1996 ident: bib31 article-title: The cosmic ray induced neutron spectrum on top of the Zugspitze (2963m) publication-title: presented at the 8th Symposium on Neutron Dosimetry contributor: fullname: Heinrich – volume: 25 start-page: 524 year: 1973 ident: bib25 article-title: The Contribution of Galactic Cosmic Rays to the Atmospheric Neutron Maximum Dose Equivalent as a Function of Neutron Energy and Altitude publication-title: Health Physics contributor: fullname: Merker – year: 1995 ident: bib7 article-title: Measurements and Simulations in High Energy Neutron Fields publication-title: presented at the 2nd Specialists' Meeting on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irrudiation Facilities contributor: fullname: Magugliani – volume: 116 start-page: 445 year: 1959 ident: bib19 article-title: Cosmic-Ray Neutron Energy Spectrum publication-title: Phys. Rev. contributor: fullname: Chupp – start-page: 493 year: 1994 ident: bib10 article-title: FLUKA: present status and future developments publication-title: Proceedings of the IVth International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics contributor: fullname: Sala – volume: 8 start-page: 1530 year: 1975 ident: bib27 article-title: Calculated cosmic ray pion and proton fluxes at sea level publication-title: J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. contributor: fullname: O'Brien – volume: 3 start-page: 157 year: 1995 ident: bib5 article-title: Study of the High Energy Cosmic Ray Cascades Using the Dual Parton Model publication-title: Astroparticle Phys. contributor: fullname: Ranft – year: 1996 ident: bib6 article-title: Deviations from the superposition model in a Dual Parton Model with formation zone cascade in both projectile and target nuclei US-FT/29-96 publication-title: Astroparticle Phys. contributor: fullname: Roesler – year: 1978 ident: bib28 article-title: LUIN: A code for the calculation of cosmic ray propagation in the atmosphere publication-title: US Department of Energy Report EML-338 contributor: fullname: O'Brien – volume: 84 start-page: 4401 year: 1979 ident: bib18 article-title: Geomagnetic Shielding of Cosmic Rays for Different Satellite Orbits publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. contributor: fullname: Spill – year: 1994 ident: bib21 article-title: The CERN-CEC High-Energy Reference Field Facility publication-title: presented at the American Nuclear Society's 8th International Conference on Radiation Shielding contributor: fullname: Stevenson – volume: 39 start-page: 37 year: 1986 ident: bib17 article-title: The Monte Carlo code HADRIN to simulate inelastic hadron nucleon interactions at laboratory energies below 5 GeV publication-title: Comp. Phys. Commun. contributor: fullname: Ranft – volume: B71 start-page: 412 year: 1992 ident: bib12 article-title: An improved multiple scattering model for charged particle transport publication-title: Nucl. Instrum. Methods contributor: fullname: Padoani – start-page: 277 year: 1994 ident: bib30 article-title: A new model for hadronic interactions at interinediate energies for the FLUKA code publication-title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Monte Carlo Simulation in High Energy and Nuclear Physics, MC'93 contributor: fullname: Ferrari – volume: B71 start-page: 412 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib12 article-title: An improved multiple scattering model for charged particle transport publication-title: Nucl. Instrum. Methods doi: 10.1016/0168-583X(92)95359-Y contributor: fullname: Ferrari – year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib31 article-title: The cosmic ray induced neutron spectrum on top of the Zugspitze (2963m) contributor: fullname: Schraube – volume: C70 start-page: 413 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib14 article-title: Cascade particles, nuclear evaporation, and residual nuclei in high energy hadron-nucleus interactions publication-title: Z. Phys. contributor: fullname: Ferrari – volume: 8 start-page: 1530 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib27 article-title: Calculated cosmic ray pion and proton fluxes at sea level publication-title: J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. doi: 10.1088/0305-4470/8/9/023 contributor: fullname: O'Brien – volume: 68 start-page: 5487 year: 1963 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib24 article-title: Fast Neutron Flux in the Atmosphere publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. doi: 10.1029/JZ068i019p05487 contributor: fullname: Mendell – volume: 236 start-page: 227 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib8 article-title: Dual Parton Model publication-title: Phys. Rep. doi: 10.1016/0370-1573(94)90064-7 contributor: fullname: Capella – volume: 116 start-page: 445 year: 1959 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib19 article-title: Cosmic-Ray Neutron Energy Spectrum publication-title: Phys. Rev. doi: 10.1103/PhysRev.116.445 contributor: fullname: Hess – year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib6 article-title: Deviations from the superposition model in a Dual Parton Model with formation zone cascade in both projectile and target nuclei US-FT/29-96 publication-title: Astroparticle Phys. contributor: fullname: Battistoni – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib7 article-title: Measurements and Simulations in High Energy Neutron Fields contributor: fullname: Birattari – volume: 78 start-page: 2715 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib3 article-title: Calculations of Neutron Flux Spectra Induced in the Earth's Atmosphere by Galactic Cosmic Rays publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. doi: 10.1029/JA078i016p02715 contributor: fullname: Armstrong – volume: 71 start-page: 5109 year: 1966 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib22 article-title: Fast Neutron Latitude Variations in the Atmosphere at Solar Minimum publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. doi: 10.1029/JZ071i021p05109 contributor: fullname: Holt – start-page: 287 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib11 article-title: FLUKA: Performances and Applications in the Intermediate Energy Range contributor: fullname: Fassò – year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib28 article-title: LUIN: A code for the calculation of cosmic ray propagation in the atmosphere publication-title: US Department of Energy Report EML-338 contributor: fullname: O'Brien – year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib16 contributor: fullname: Gaisser – year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib21 article-title: The CERN-CEC High-Energy Reference Field Facility contributor: fullname: Höfert – volume: C54 start-page: 882 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib29 article-title: The Production of Antiprotons in the Upper Atmosphere by Interacting Primary Cosmic Rays publication-title: Phys. Rev. contributor: fullname: Pfeifer – year: 1981 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib2 article-title: Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics, Part I: The Near-Earth Particle Environment publication-title: NRL Memorandum Report 4506 contributor: fullname: Adams – volume: C71 start-page: 75 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib15 article-title: The production of residual nuclei in peripheral high energy nucleus-nucleus interactions publication-title: Z. Phys. contributor: fullname: Ferrari – volume: 84 start-page: 4401 year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib18 article-title: Geomagnetic Shielding of Cosmic Rays for Different Satellite Orbits publication-title: J. Geophys. Res. doi: 10.1029/JA084iA08p04401 contributor: fullname: Heinrich – start-page: 503 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib4 article-title: Monte Carlo simulations in high-energy cosmic ray physics contributor: fullname: Battistoni – start-page: 277 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib30 article-title: A new model for hadronic interactions at interinediate energies for the FLUKA code contributor: fullname: Sala – volume: 25 start-page: 524 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib25 article-title: The Contribution of Galactic Cosmic Rays to the Atmospheric Neutron Maximum Dose Equivalent as a Function of Neutron Energy and Altitude publication-title: Health Physics contributor: fullname: Merker – start-page: 88 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib1 contributor: fullname: Aarnio – ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib13 – start-page: 493 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib10 article-title: FLUKA: present status and future developments contributor: fullname: Fassò – volume: 39 start-page: 37 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib17 article-title: The Monte Carlo code HADRIN to simulate inelastic hadron nucleon interactions at laboratory energies below 5 GeV publication-title: Comp. Phys. Commun. doi: 10.1016/0010-4655(86)90162-1 contributor: fullname: Hänssgen – volume: 3 start-page: 157 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib5 article-title: Study of the High Energy Cosmic Ray Cascades Using the Dual Parton Model publication-title: Astroparticle Phys. doi: 10.1016/0927-6505(94)00039-6 contributor: fullname: Battistoni – volume: D48 start-page: 1949 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib23 article-title: Observation of heavy cosmic ray primaries over the wide energy range from 100 GeV/particle to 100 TeV/particle: Is the celebrated “knee” actually so prominent? publication-title: Phys. Rev. contributor: fullname: Ichimura – year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib9 article-title: A group library from JEF 1.1 for flux calculations in the LHC machine detectors publication-title: ENEA-Bologna Report JEF-DOC-340 contributor: fullname: Cuccoli – volume: 34 start-page: 375 year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib20 article-title: Ames Collaborative Study of Cosmic Ray Neutrons: Mid-Latitude Flights publication-title: Health Physics doi: 10.1097/00004032-197804000-00008 contributor: fullname: Hewitt – volume: 3A start-page: 521 year: 1971 ident: 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1_bib26 article-title: Cosmic-Ray Propagation in the Atmosphere publication-title: Il Nuovo Cimento doi: 10.1007/BF02823324 contributor: fullname: O'Brien |
SSID | ssj0012770 |
Score | 1.597975 |
Snippet | Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model
fluka for various depths down... Spectra of neutrons from interactions of primary cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere are calculated with the Monte Carlo model FLUKA for various depths down... The FLUKA Monte Carlo model is here used to calculate the spectra of neutrons on the basis of various interactions of cosmic rays in the earth's atmosphere,... |
SourceID | proquest crossref pubmed elsevier |
SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
StartPage | 1717 |
SubjectTerms | Atmosphere - analysis Cosmic Radiation Germany Models, Theoretical Monte Carlo Method Neutrons Solar Activity Space life sciences |
Title | Neutron spectra in the atmosphere from interactions of primary cosmic rays |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00058-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11542891 https://search.proquest.com/docview/26690990 https://search.proquest.com/docview/79633819 |
Volume | 21 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3dS8MwED-GIuiD6Pyan3kQ0Yc606ZN-jjEMRWGoIJvJW1T2MNaWbcHX_zbvUs6pw9D8C0cSTguyd0vl7sLwDmaBbz34AHM4yD0RKE1Hiktvegm5ZEJoyB10RbDaPAqHt7CtxbcznNhKKyy0f1Op1tt3VC6jTS776NR95kqsdCTY6wIeNj0a4HGCPf09ed3mAf3pXR-Fhl41HuRxeNmsMTLWF3ZSTy-zD4tw5_WDvW3YLMBkKzneNyGlinbcNCryaVdjT_YBbNt57Go27Dxo-JgG9aeHH0HHoZmRmOYzbWcaDYqGYJBpqfjqqZaA4ZR6gmjehITl_1Qs6pg7648BcuqejzK2ER_1Lvw2r97uR14zccKXoZwaOoVwi-yyGjEciIVvuSaS1XkIi20itGW5YGJTeQLmfqhjlIu8synNvc10bJgD1bKqjQHwJSkqBqjAoRuiA0KxQOVhVoXoYx1kGcduJ6LM2kYTBaBZSh_V208VomVf8I7oOZCT35thAR1_F9Dz-aLlOAhoZcPXZpqVieIQmJ6AVzeQ6IiostrB_bd6i64RZCJt1J--H_GjmDdpTKS5-YYVqaTmTlBLDNNT-1mPYXV3v3jYPgFi3rsvQ |
link.rule.ids | 315,786,790,4521,24144,27957,27958,45620,45714 |
linkProvider | Elsevier |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LSwMxEB5EEfUgWl_1mYOIHtaafSV7LKLUVxFsobeQ3c1CD92Vbnvw4m93ZrO1eiiCtzAkYZgkM18mMxOAczQLeO_BA5hGXuD4mdZ4pLRwwpuYhyYIvdhGW3TDTt9_HASDJbid5cJQWGWt-61Or7R1TWnV0my9D4etN6rEQk-OkSTgQenXKwTn6f-G68_vOA_uCmEdLcJzqPs8jcdOUREvI3lVzeLwRQZqEQCtDNH9FmzWCJK1LZPbsGTyBhy0S_JpF6MPdsGqtnVZlA3Y-FFysAGrr5a-A49dM6UxrEq2HGs2zBmiQaYno6KkYgOGUe4Jo4ISY5v-ULIiY--2PgVLinI0TNhYf5S70L-_6912nPpnBSdBPDRxMt_NktBoBHN-7LuCay5klvpxpmWExiz1TGRC1xexG-gw5n6auNTmriZa4u3Bcl7k5gCYFBRWY6SH2A3BQSa5J5NA6ywQkfbSpAnXM3GqmkE1jyxD-dty45FUlfwVb4KcCV392gkKlfxfQ89mi6TwlNDTh85NMS0VwpCIngAX9xCoiej22oR9u7pzbhFl4rWUH_6fsTNY6_RentXzQ_fpCNZtXiO5cY5heTKemhMENpP4tNq4Xws37k8 |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Neutron+spectra+in+the+atmosphere+from+interactions+of+primary+cosmic+rays&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+space+research&rft.au=Roesler%2C+S&rft.au=Heinrich%2C+W&rft.au=Schraube%2C+H&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.issn=0273-1177&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1717&rft.epage=1726&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0273-1177%2898%2900058-1&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0273-1177&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0273-1177&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0273-1177&client=summon |