Using dynamic and adiabatic methods for thermal hazard evaluation of styrene bulk polymerization initiated by AIBN
Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when heated, which can be used as initiators for styrene polymerization. However, thermal runaway could occur during the styrene bulk polymerizatio...
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Published in | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Vol. 148; no. 11; pp. 4791 - 4799 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Springer International Publishing
01.06.2023
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when heated, which can be used as initiators for styrene polymerization. However, thermal runaway could occur during the styrene bulk polymerization initiated by azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) due to the release of a large amount of heat. To obtain thermal hazard properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) were applied to this investigation. The DSC experimental results showed that the extrapolated onset temperature and exothermic peak temperature decreased gradually after adding the initiator, which indicated initiator AIBN promoted the polymerization. ARC experiment decoded dynamic thermal parameters such as apparent activation energy, adiabatic temperature rise, initial runaway temperature, maximum temperature and polymerization heat of the hybrid system. Finally, the experimental and calculation results showed that the heat released by the polymerization reaction was basically unchanged at different heating rates; as the initiator concentration increases, the heat released by the polymerization reaction also increases, the polymerization temperature is controllable below 35.1 ℃. These results are critical for reducing the risk of loss of control and designing intrinsically safer styrene production, storage and transport processes. |
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AbstractList | Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when heated, which can be used as initiators for styrene polymerization. However, thermal runaway could occur during the styrene bulk polymerization initiated by azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) due to the release of a large amount of heat. To obtain thermal hazard properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) were applied to this investigation. The DSC experimental results showed that the extrapolated onset temperature and exothermic peak temperature decreased gradually after adding the initiator, which indicated initiator AIBN promoted the polymerization. ARC experiment decoded dynamic thermal parameters such as apparent activation energy, adiabatic temperature rise, initial runaway temperature, maximum temperature and polymerization heat of the hybrid system. Finally, the experimental and calculation results showed that the heat released by the polymerization reaction was basically unchanged at different heating rates; as the initiator concentration increases, the heat released by the polymerization reaction also increases, the polymerization temperature is controllable below 35.1 ℃. These results are critical for reducing the risk of loss of control and designing intrinsically safer styrene production, storage and transport processes. Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when heated, which can be used as initiators for styrene polymerization. However, thermal runaway could occur during the styrene bulk polymerization initiated by azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) due to the release of a large amount of heat. To obtain thermal hazard properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) were applied to this investigation. The DSC experimental results showed that the extrapolated onset temperature and exothermic peak temperature decreased gradually after adding the initiator, which indicated initiator AIBN promoted the polymerization. ARC experiment decoded dynamic thermal parameters such as apparent activation energy, adiabatic temperature rise, initial runaway temperature, maximum temperature and polymerization heat of the hybrid system. Finally, the experimental and calculation results showed that the heat released by the polymerization reaction was basically unchanged at different heating rates; as the initiator concentration increases, the heat released by the polymerization reaction also increases, the polymerization temperature is controllable below 35.1 â. These results are critical for reducing the risk of loss of control and designing intrinsically safer styrene production, storage and transport processes. Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when heated, which can be used as initiators for styrene polymerization. However, thermal runaway could occur during the styrene bulk polymerization initiated by azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) due to the release of a large amount of heat. To obtain thermal hazard properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) were applied to this investigation. The DSC experimental results showed that the extrapolated onset temperature and exothermic peak temperature decreased gradually after adding the initiator, which indicated initiator AIBN promoted the polymerization. ARC experiment decoded dynamic thermal parameters such as apparent activation energy, adiabatic temperature rise, initial runaway temperature, maximum temperature and polymerization heat of the hybrid system. Finally, the experimental and calculation results showed that the heat released by the polymerization reaction was basically unchanged at different heating rates; as the initiator concentration increases, the heat released by the polymerization reaction also increases, the polymerization temperature is controllable below 35.1 ℃. These results are critical for reducing the risk of loss of control and designing intrinsically safer styrene production, storage and transport processes. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Liu, Shang-hao Guo, Rui-lei Chiang, Chin-Lung Qu, Bo-bo |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bo-bo surname: Qu fullname: Qu, Bo-bo organization: School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: Shang-hao surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Shang-hao email: shliu998@163.com organization: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University Science and Technology – sequence: 3 givenname: Rui-lei surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Rui-lei organization: School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology – sequence: 4 givenname: Chin-Lung surname: Chiang fullname: Chiang, Chin-Lung email: dragon@ncut.edu.tw organization: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s10973_024_12980_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10973_024_13012_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psep_2024_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molliq_2023_123451 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10973_023_12702_3 |
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Keywords | Polymerization Azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) Initiator Styrene Thermal runaway |
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Snippet | Polystyrene is a multifunctional plastic used to manufacture consumables with a wide range of applications. Some azo compounds can produce free radicals when... |
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SubjectTerms | Activation energy Adiabatic flow Analytical Chemistry Azo compounds Bulk polymerization Calorimetry Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Controllability Differential scanning calorimetry Exothermic reactions Free radicals Hazard assessment Heat measurement Hybrid systems Initiators Inorganic Chemistry Measurement Science and Instrumentation Methods Physical Chemistry Polymer Sciences Polymerization Polystyrene resins Production processes Risk management Styrenes Technology application Thermal runaway Thermodynamic properties |
Title | Using dynamic and adiabatic methods for thermal hazard evaluation of styrene bulk polymerization initiated by AIBN |
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