Eleven years of ground–air temperature tracking over different land cover types
ABSTRACT We have analyzed series of air, near‐surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short‐cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague...
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Published in | International journal of climatology Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 1084 - 1099 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Chichester, UK
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
01.02.2017
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
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Abstract | ABSTRACT
We have analyzed series of air, near‐surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short‐cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague (50°02.43′N, 14°28.54′E, 226 m a.s.l.). A comparison of all of the obtained temperature series revealed a strong dependence of the subsurface thermal regime on the respective surface cover material. The ground ‘skin’ temperature was generally warmer than the surface air temperature over all monitored surfaces; however, the temperatures over different land cover types differed significantly. Asphalt exhibited the highest temperatures, and temperatures below the grassy surface were the lowest. Special attention was paid to assessing the value of the ‘temperature offset’, the instant value of which sometimes varied dramatically, on both daily and annual scales, by up to 30+ K; however, on a long‐time scale, the temperature offset was generally constant and reflected the surface material. The characteristic 2003–2013 mean values for the individual covers are as follows: asphalt 4.1 K, sand 1.6 K, clay 1.4 K and grass 0.2 K. All four surface covers revealed typical daily and inter‐annual cycles, which were monitored and are discussed in detail. Incident solar radiation was the primary variable for determining the amount and temporal changes of the temperature offset values. A linear relationship between air–ground temperature differences and incident solar radiation was detected. The mean slope of the linear regression between both variables is clearly surface cover dependent. The greatest value, 3.3 K per 100 W m−2, was found for asphalt cover; rates of 1.0–1.2 apply to bare soil and sand cover, and a negative slope of −0.44 K per 100 W m−2 represents grass cover. |
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AbstractList | We have analyzed series of air, near-surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short-cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague (50 degree 02.43'N, 14 degree 28.54'E, 226ma.s.l.). A comparison of all of the obtained temperature series revealed a strong dependence of the subsurface thermal regime on the respective surface cover material. The ground 'skin' temperature was generally warmer than the surface air temperature over all monitored surfaces; however, the temperatures over different land cover types differed significantly. Asphalt exhibited the highest temperatures, and temperatures below the grassy surface were the lowest. Special attention was paid to assessing the value of the 'temperature offset', the instant value of which sometimes varied dramatically, on both daily and annual scales, by up to 30+ K; however, on a long-time scale, the temperature offset was generally constant and reflected the surface material. The characteristic 2003-2013 mean values for the individual covers are as follows: asphalt 4.1K, sand 1.6K, clay 1.4K and grass 0.2K. All four surface covers revealed typical daily and inter-annual cycles, which were monitored and are discussed in detail. Incident solar radiation was the primary variable for determining the amount and temporal changes of the temperature offset values. A linear relationship between air-ground temperature differences and incident solar radiation was detected. The mean slope of the linear regression between both variables is clearly surface cover dependent. The greatest value, 3.3K per 100Wm super(-2), was found for asphalt cover; rates of 1.0-1.2 apply to bare soil and sand cover, and a negative slope of -0.44K per 100Wm super(-2) represents grass cover. We have analyzed series of air, near-surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short-cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague (50°02.43'N, 14°28.54'E, 226ma.s.l.). A comparison of all of the obtained temperature series revealed a strong dependence of the subsurface thermal regime on the respective surface cover material. The ground 'skin' temperature was generally warmer than the surface air temperature over all monitored surfaces; however, the temperatures over different land cover types differed significantly. Asphalt exhibited the highest temperatures, and temperatures below the grassy surface were the lowest. Special attention was paid to assessing the value of the 'temperature offset', the instant value of which sometimes varied dramatically, on both daily and annual scales, by up to 30+ K; however, on a long-time scale, the temperature offset was generally constant and reflected the surface material. The characteristic 2003-2013 mean values for the individual covers are as follows: asphalt 4.1K, sand 1.6K, clay 1.4K and grass 0.2K. All four surface covers revealed typical daily and inter-annual cycles, which were monitored and are discussed in detail. Incident solar radiation was the primary variable for determining the amount and temporal changes of the temperature offset values. A linear relationship between air-ground temperature differences and incident solar radiation was detected. The mean slope of the linear regression between both variables is clearly surface cover dependent. The greatest value, 3.3K per 100Wm-2, was found for asphalt cover; rates of 1.0-1.2 apply to bare soil and sand cover, and a negative slope of -0.44K per 100Wm-2 represents grass cover. ABSTRACT We have analyzed series of air, near‐surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short‐cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague (50°02.43′N, 14°28.54′E, 226 m a.s.l.). A comparison of all of the obtained temperature series revealed a strong dependence of the subsurface thermal regime on the respective surface cover material. The ground ‘skin’ temperature was generally warmer than the surface air temperature over all monitored surfaces; however, the temperatures over different land cover types differed significantly. Asphalt exhibited the highest temperatures, and temperatures below the grassy surface were the lowest. Special attention was paid to assessing the value of the ‘temperature offset’, the instant value of which sometimes varied dramatically, on both daily and annual scales, by up to 30+ K; however, on a long‐time scale, the temperature offset was generally constant and reflected the surface material. The characteristic 2003–2013 mean values for the individual covers are as follows: asphalt 4.1 K, sand 1.6 K, clay 1.4 K and grass 0.2 K. All four surface covers revealed typical daily and inter‐annual cycles, which were monitored and are discussed in detail. Incident solar radiation was the primary variable for determining the amount and temporal changes of the temperature offset values. A linear relationship between air–ground temperature differences and incident solar radiation was detected. The mean slope of the linear regression between both variables is clearly surface cover dependent. The greatest value, 3.3 K per 100 W m −2 , was found for asphalt cover; rates of 1.0–1.2 apply to bare soil and sand cover, and a negative slope of −0.44 K per 100 W m −2 represents grass cover. ABSTRACT We have analyzed series of air, near‐surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short‐cut grass and asphalt; the samples were collected between 2002 and 2013 and monitored at the Geothermal Climate Change Observatory Sporilov, Prague (50°02.43′N, 14°28.54′E, 226 m a.s.l.). A comparison of all of the obtained temperature series revealed a strong dependence of the subsurface thermal regime on the respective surface cover material. The ground ‘skin’ temperature was generally warmer than the surface air temperature over all monitored surfaces; however, the temperatures over different land cover types differed significantly. Asphalt exhibited the highest temperatures, and temperatures below the grassy surface were the lowest. Special attention was paid to assessing the value of the ‘temperature offset’, the instant value of which sometimes varied dramatically, on both daily and annual scales, by up to 30+ K; however, on a long‐time scale, the temperature offset was generally constant and reflected the surface material. The characteristic 2003–2013 mean values for the individual covers are as follows: asphalt 4.1 K, sand 1.6 K, clay 1.4 K and grass 0.2 K. All four surface covers revealed typical daily and inter‐annual cycles, which were monitored and are discussed in detail. Incident solar radiation was the primary variable for determining the amount and temporal changes of the temperature offset values. A linear relationship between air–ground temperature differences and incident solar radiation was detected. The mean slope of the linear regression between both variables is clearly surface cover dependent. The greatest value, 3.3 K per 100 W m−2, was found for asphalt cover; rates of 1.0–1.2 apply to bare soil and sand cover, and a negative slope of −0.44 K per 100 W m−2 represents grass cover. |
Author | Safanda, Jan Bodri, Louise Cermak, Vladimir Kresl, Milan Dedecek, Petr |
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Cites_doi | 10.1080/19648189.2014.945043 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.11.019 10.1088/1742-2132/10/2/025012 10.1016/0040-1951(94)90114-7 10.1007/s10584-011-0373-5 10.3141/1764-19 10.1016/S0921-8181(01)00098-4 10.5194/cp-3-453-2007 10.1175/JCLI3808.1 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2006)132:2(162) 10.1016/j.jastp.2003.07.007 10.1029/98WR02225 10.1029/2003GL018251 10.1029/2008/WR007394 10.9734/BJECC/2013/3062 10.1029/2004RG000157 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.12.001 10.1029/2006JF000703 10.1029/96JB01903 10.1007/s11200-013-0356-2 10.1029/2007WR005993 10.1002/qj.49708938207 10.1017/S1350482706002179 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.10.014 10.1002/joc.859 10.1016/S0921-8181(97)00002-7 10.1029/2006WR005702 10.1002/joc.1397 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.04.020 10.1016/S0921-8181(01)00097-2 10.1016/S0096-3003(01)00089-3 10.1016/S0309-1708(99)00020-2 |
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References | 2009; 45 2013; 3 2015; 19 1963; 89 2006; 13 2002; 130 1999; 23 2007 2006; 132 2006; 19 2005; 43 2001; 1764 2003 2001; 29 2012; 59 1994; 239 2003; 30 1996; 101 2007; 112 2012; 113 2013; 10 1997; 15 1987 2014; 58 2006; 242 2009; 365 2008; 44 2008; 356 2007; 3 1998; 34 2003; 65 2003; 23 2007; 27 e_1_2_11_10_1 e_1_2_11_32_1 e_1_2_11_31_1 e_1_2_11_30_1 e_1_2_11_36_1 e_1_2_11_14_1 e_1_2_11_13_1 e_1_2_11_35_1 e_1_2_11_12_1 e_1_2_11_34_1 e_1_2_11_11_1 e_1_2_11_33_1 e_1_2_11_7_1 e_1_2_11_29_1 e_1_2_11_28_1 e_1_2_11_5_1 e_1_2_11_27_1 e_1_2_11_4_1 e_1_2_11_26_1 e_1_2_11_3_1 e_1_2_11_2_1 e_1_2_11_21_1 e_1_2_11_20_1 e_1_2_11_25_1 e_1_2_11_24_1 e_1_2_11_9_1 e_1_2_11_23_1 e_1_2_11_8_1 e_1_2_11_22_1 Bodri L (e_1_2_11_6_1) 2007 e_1_2_11_18_1 e_1_2_11_17_1 e_1_2_11_16_1 e_1_2_11_15_1 e_1_2_11_37_1 e_1_2_11_19_1 |
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Snippet | ABSTRACT
We have analyzed series of air, near‐surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short‐cut... We have analyzed series of air, near-surface and shallow ground temperatures under four land cover types, namely bare clayey soil, sand, short-cut grass and... |
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SubjectTerms | borehole climatology climate change land‐cover materials long‐term temperature monitoring underground climate signal |
Title | Eleven years of ground–air temperature tracking over different land cover types |
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