Chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus (teleost fish) express piecemeal degranulation in response to osmotic stress: A hint for a conservative evolutionary process
The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus, a small eurhyaline teleost living in saltpans, was evaluated by electron microscopy quantitative analysis. Fishes were transferred from salt water, whose salinity w...
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Published in | The anatomical record. Part A, Discoveries in molecular, cellular, and evolutionary biology Vol. 288A; no. 10; pp. 1077 - 1086 |
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Abstract | The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus, a small eurhyaline teleost living in saltpans, was evaluated by electron microscopy quantitative analysis. Fishes were transferred from salt water, whose salinity was 3.7%, to dechlorinated tap water and chromaffin cells were studied at resting condition and after 2 and 48 hr from the beginning of the experiment. Ultrastructural examination revealed a series of granule and cytoplasmic changes highly specific for piecemeal degranulation (PMD), a secretory process based on vesicular transport of cargoes from within granules for extracellular release, which was previously described in chromaffin cells of the mouse, rat, and human adrenal medulla. There was indeed a significant trend toward loss of content material from chromaffin granules accompanied by enlargement of granule size. Remarkably, chromaffin granules maintained their individual close structure during the whole releasing process and eventually transformed into large empty containers. A dramatic increase in the density of small, membrane‐bound, variably electron‐dense vesicles free in the cytoplasm or attached to granules was recognized during the first 2 hr of stress response. These features fell to control levels after 48 hr. A similar time‐course pattern was observed concerning the formation of budding projections from the surface of chromaffin granules. This study provides new insight into PMD physiology and suggests that PMD is part of an adaptive secretory response to severe osmotic stress in fishes. From an evolutionary point of view, this study lends support to the concept that PMD is a secretory mechanism highly conserved throughout vertebrate classes. Anat Rec Part A, 288A:1077–1086, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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AbstractList | The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus, a small eurhyaline teleost living in saltpans, was evaluated by electron microscopy quantitative analysis. Fishes were transferred from salt water, whose salinity was 3.7%, to dechlorinated tap water and chromaffin cells were studied at resting condition and after 2 and 48 hr from the beginning of the experiment. Ultrastructural examination revealed a series of granule and cytoplasmic changes highly specific for piecemeal degranulation (PMD), a secretory process based on vesicular transport of cargoes from within granules for extracellular release, which was previously described in chromaffin cells of the mouse, rat, and human adrenal medulla. There was indeed a significant trend toward loss of content material from chromaffin granules accompanied by enlargement of granule size. Remarkably, chromaffin granules maintained their individual close structure during the whole releasing process and eventually transformed into large empty containers. A dramatic increase in the density of small, membrane‐bound, variably electron‐dense vesicles free in the cytoplasm or attached to granules was recognized during the first 2 hr of stress response. These features fell to control levels after 48 hr. A similar time‐course pattern was observed concerning the formation of budding projections from the surface of chromaffin granules. This study provides new insight into PMD physiology and suggests that PMD is part of an adaptive secretory response to severe osmotic stress in fishes. From an evolutionary point of view, this study lends support to the concept that PMD is a secretory mechanism highly conserved throughout vertebrate classes. Anat Rec Part A, 288A:1077–1086, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus, a small eurhyaline teleost living in saltpans, was evaluated by electron microscopy quantitative analysis. Fishes were transferred from salt water, whose salinity was 3.7%, to dechlorinated tap water and chromaffin cells were studied at resting condition and after 2 and 48 hr from the beginning of the experiment. Ultrastructural examination revealed a series of granule and cytoplasmic changes highly specific for piecemeal degranulation (PMD), a secretory process based on vesicular transport of cargoes from within granules for extracellular release, which was previously described in chromaffin cells of the mouse, rat, and human adrenal medulla. There was indeed a significant trend toward loss of content material from chromaffin granules accompanied by enlargement of granule size. Remarkably, chromaffin granules maintained their individual close structure during the whole releasing process and eventually transformed into large empty containers. A dramatic increase in the density of small, membrane-bound, variably electron-dense vesicles free in the cytoplasm or attached to granules was recognized during the first 2 hr of stress response. These features fell to control levels after 48 hr. A similar time-course pattern was observed concerning the formation of budding projections from the surface of chromaffin granules. This study provides new insight into PMD physiology and suggests that PMD is part of an adaptive secretory response to severe osmotic stress in fishes. From an evolutionary point of view, this study lends support to the concept that PMD is a secretory mechanism highly conserved throughout vertebrate classes. Abstract The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus , a small eurhyaline teleost living in saltpans, was evaluated by electron microscopy quantitative analysis. Fishes were transferred from salt water, whose salinity was 3.7%, to dechlorinated tap water and chromaffin cells were studied at resting condition and after 2 and 48 hr from the beginning of the experiment. Ultrastructural examination revealed a series of granule and cytoplasmic changes highly specific for piecemeal degranulation (PMD), a secretory process based on vesicular transport of cargoes from within granules for extracellular release, which was previously described in chromaffin cells of the mouse, rat, and human adrenal medulla. There was indeed a significant trend toward loss of content material from chromaffin granules accompanied by enlargement of granule size. Remarkably, chromaffin granules maintained their individual close structure during the whole releasing process and eventually transformed into large empty containers. A dramatic increase in the density of small, membrane‐bound, variably electron‐dense vesicles free in the cytoplasm or attached to granules was recognized during the first 2 hr of stress response. These features fell to control levels after 48 hr. A similar time‐course pattern was observed concerning the formation of budding projections from the surface of chromaffin granules. This study provides new insight into PMD physiology and suggests that PMD is part of an adaptive secretory response to severe osmotic stress in fishes. From an evolutionary point of view, this study lends support to the concept that PMD is a secretory mechanism highly conserved throughout vertebrate classes. Anat Rec Part A, 288A:1077–1086, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
Author | Crivellato, Enrico Civinini, Annalena Gallo, Valentina Patrizia |
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Cites_doi | 10.1007/s00429-004-0433-y 10.1002/ar.10149 10.1016/S0742-8413(98)00037-1 10.1152/physrev.00031.2002 10.1007/s00429-005-0059-8 10.1007/s11064-005-6966-5 10.1002/ar.a.20004 10.1007/s00429-004-0439-5 10.1080/11250008109439326 10.1002/ar.a.10095 10.1007/s00429-005-0002-z 10.1002/ar.a.20152 10.1111/j.0021-8782.2005.00365.x 10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00092-7 10.1006/gcen.1996.0052 10.1136/thorax.56.5.341 10.1369/jhc.5R6647.2005 10.1002/ar.a.10013 10.1016/S0074-7696(03)30003-8 10.1007/PL00008810 10.1007/978-1-4757-9525-7 10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.226.3.698 10.1006/gcen.1993.1150 10.1007/s00429-006-0081-5 10.1016/0016-6480(77)90198-8 10.1016/0304-4157(91)90024-Q 10.1002/jmor.1051890304 10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70098-3 10.1152/physrev.1997.77.3.591 10.1002/jmor.1052080103 10.1242/jeb.183.1.165 |
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Snippet | The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus, a small eurhyaline... Abstract The effect of severe osmotic stress on the ultrastructural morphology of chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus , a small... |
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SubjectTerms | Adrenal Medulla - cytology Adrenal Medulla - secretion Adrenal Medulla - ultrastructure Animals Aphanius fasciatus Biological Evolution Cell Degranulation - physiology chromaffin cells Chromaffin Cells - cytology Chromaffin Cells - secretion Chromaffin Cells - ultrastructure Cytoplasmic Granules - physiology Cytoplasmic Granules - ultrastructure Cytoplasmic Vesicles - physiology Cytoplasmic Vesicles - ultrastructure Female Fundulidae - physiology Male Microscopy, Electron, Transmission Osmotic Pressure piecemeal degranulation stress response transmission electron microscopy |
Title | Chromaffin cells in the adrenal homolog of Aphanius fasciatus (teleost fish) express piecemeal degranulation in response to osmotic stress: A hint for a conservative evolutionary process |
URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Far.a.20372 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16964607 https://search.proquest.com/docview/68899216 |
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