Neuromorphic sensorimotor loop embodied by monolithically integrated, low-voltage, soft e-skin
Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through...
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| Published in | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 380; no. 6646; pp. 735 - 742 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
The American Association for the Advancement of Science
19.05.2023
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through rational design and engineering of material properties, device structures, and system architectures, we realized a monolithic soft prosthetic electronic skin (e-skin). It is capable of multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, and closed-loop actuation. With a trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, we achieved a low subthreshold swing comparable to that of polycrystalline silicon transistors, a low operation voltage, low power consumption, and medium-scale circuit integration complexity for stretchable organic devices. Our e-skin mimics the biological sensorimotor loop, whereby a solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when a stimulus of increasing pressure is applied.
Our skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings. Wang
et al
. devised a prosthetic electronic skin that incorporates organic semiconductor transistors and has no rigid components, thus mimicking the mechanical aspects of real skin (see the Perspective by Sekitani). At the same time, it can sense external stimuli such as temperature and pressure and encode these stimuli into electrical pulses. The authors showed that the prosthetic skin could evoke neuronal firings at the motor cortex in a rat in vivo, which triggered toe twitching. —Marc S. Lavine
A neuromorphic e-skin system simultaneously emulates closed-loop sensory encoding and mechanical softness of natural skin. |
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| AbstractList | Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through rational design and engineering of material properties, device structures, and system architectures, we realized a monolithic soft prosthetic electronic skin (e-skin). It is capable of multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, and closed-loop actuation. With a trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, we achieved a low subthreshold swing comparable to that of polycrystalline silicon transistors, a low operation voltage, low power consumption, and medium-scale circuit integration complexity for stretchable organic devices. Our e-skin mimics the biological sensorimotor loop, whereby a solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when a stimulus of increasing pressure is applied. Editor’s summaryOur skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings. Wang et al. devised a prosthetic electronic skin that incorporates organic semiconductor transistors and has no rigid components, thus mimicking the mechanical aspects of real skin (see the Perspective by Sekitani). At the same time, it can sense external stimuli such as temperature and pressure and encode these stimuli into electrical pulses. The authors showed that the prosthetic skin could evoke neuronal firings at the motor cortex in a rat in vivo, which triggered toe twitching. —Marc S. Lavine Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through rational design and engineering of material properties, device structures, and system architectures, we realized a monolithic soft prosthetic electronic skin (e-skin). It is capable of multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, and closed-loop actuation. With a trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, we achieved a low subthreshold swing comparable to that of polycrystalline silicon transistors, a low operation voltage, low power consumption, and medium-scale circuit integration complexity for stretchable organic devices. Our e-skin mimics the biological sensorimotor loop, whereby a solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when a stimulus of increasing pressure is applied. Our skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings. Wang et al . devised a prosthetic electronic skin that incorporates organic semiconductor transistors and has no rigid components, thus mimicking the mechanical aspects of real skin (see the Perspective by Sekitani). At the same time, it can sense external stimuli such as temperature and pressure and encode these stimuli into electrical pulses. The authors showed that the prosthetic skin could evoke neuronal firings at the motor cortex in a rat in vivo, which triggered toe twitching. —Marc S. Lavine A neuromorphic e-skin system simultaneously emulates closed-loop sensory encoding and mechanical softness of natural skin. Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through rational design and engineering of material properties, device structures, and system architectures, we realized a monolithic soft prosthetic electronic skin (e-skin). It is capable of multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, and closed-loop actuation. With a trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, we achieved a low subthreshold swing comparable to that of polycrystalline silicon transistors, a low operation voltage, low power consumption, and medium-scale circuit integration complexity for stretchable organic devices. Our e-skin mimics the biological sensorimotor loop, whereby a solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when a stimulus of increasing pressure is applied.Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system that can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains a challenge. Through rational design and engineering of material properties, device structures, and system architectures, we realized a monolithic soft prosthetic electronic skin (e-skin). It is capable of multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, and closed-loop actuation. With a trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, we achieved a low subthreshold swing comparable to that of polycrystalline silicon transistors, a low operation voltage, low power consumption, and medium-scale circuit integration complexity for stretchable organic devices. Our e-skin mimics the biological sensorimotor loop, whereby a solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when a stimulus of increasing pressure is applied. |
| Author | Lai, Jian-Cheng Gong, Huaxin Niu, Simiao Ji, Xiaozhou Nishio, Yuya Zhong, Donglai Yan, Xuzhou Bao, Zhenan Choudhury, Snehashis Zhao, Chuanzhen Xu, Chengyi Wang, Weichen Li, Deling Lin, Qing Zhang, Zhitao Zheng, Yu Lyu, Hao Kim, Jingwan Jiang, Yuanwen Tok, Jeffrey B.-H. Shih, Chien-Chung Wang, Yi-Xuan Ning, Rui Kim, Yun-Hi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Weichen orcidid: 0000-0001-7891-4089 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Weichen organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Yuanwen orcidid: 0000-0002-2056-2639 surname: Jiang fullname: Jiang, Yuanwen organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Donglai orcidid: 0000-0002-0876-414X surname: Zhong fullname: Zhong, Donglai organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Zhitao orcidid: 0000-0003-1836-5609 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Zhitao organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Snehashis surname: Choudhury fullname: Choudhury, Snehashis organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Jian-Cheng orcidid: 0000-0001-9290-678X surname: Lai fullname: Lai, Jian-Cheng organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Huaxin orcidid: 0000-0002-2493-0793 surname: Gong fullname: Gong, Huaxin organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Simiao orcidid: 0000-0003-1973-2204 surname: Niu fullname: Niu, Simiao organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Xuzhou orcidid: 0000-0002-6114-5743 surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Xuzhou organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Yu surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, Yu organization: Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Chien-Chung orcidid: 0000-0001-9179-937X surname: Shih fullname: Shih, Chien-Chung organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Rui surname: Ning fullname: Ning, Rui organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Qing orcidid: 0000-0002-9274-348X surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Qing organization: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Deling orcidid: 0000-0002-4300-7136 surname: Li fullname: Li, Deling organization: Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA., Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China – sequence: 15 givenname: Yun-Hi orcidid: 0000-0001-8856-4414 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Yun-Hi organization: Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea – sequence: 16 givenname: Jingwan orcidid: 0009-0003-2595-5014 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Jingwan organization: Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea – sequence: 17 givenname: Yi-Xuan orcidid: 0000-0003-4462-9532 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yi-Xuan organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 18 givenname: Chuanzhen orcidid: 0000-0003-0162-1231 surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Chuanzhen organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 19 givenname: Chengyi surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Chengyi organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 20 givenname: Xiaozhou orcidid: 0000-0001-9472-0807 surname: Ji fullname: Ji, Xiaozhou organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 21 givenname: Yuya orcidid: 0000-0002-0028-5507 surname: Nishio fullname: Nishio, Yuya organization: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 22 givenname: Hao orcidid: 0000-0001-7393-2456 surname: Lyu fullname: Lyu, Hao organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 23 givenname: Jeffrey B.-H. orcidid: 0000-0002-2794-0663 surname: Tok fullname: Tok, Jeffrey B.-H. organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA – sequence: 24 givenname: Zhenan orcidid: 0000-0002-0972-1715 surname: Bao fullname: Bao, Zhenan organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37200416$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural skin holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic and... Editor’s summaryOur skin provides a protective layer for our bodies, but it also enables detailed sensory feedback and soft interactions with our surroundings.... |
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| SubjectTerms | Cortex (motor) Electronics External pressure External stimuli Feedback, Sensory Humans Prostheses Robotics Sensorimotor system Sensory feedback Skin Skin, Artificial Somatosensory cortex Stimuli Transistors Transistors, Electronic Twitching Wearable Electronic Devices |
| Title | Neuromorphic sensorimotor loop embodied by monolithically integrated, low-voltage, soft e-skin |
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