Quantitative analysis of the electroencephalogram during cranial electrotherapy stimulation
Objective: Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES). Methods: Twelve normal, right-handed males were used in a randomized, double-blind crossover design study. A 3 ampl...
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Published in | Clinical neurophysiology Vol. 112; no. 11; pp. 2075 - 2083 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier Ireland Ltd
01.11.2001
Elsevier Science |
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Abstract | Objective: Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES).
Methods: Twelve normal, right-handed males were used in a randomized, double-blind crossover design study. A 3 amplifier system incorporating noise-cancellation was used to collect one channel of EEG (O1-Cz configuration) for 30 min. Either 0.5, 100 Hz, or sham CES treatment was administered for 20 min of each session. Statistical analyses were applied to time- and frequency-domain EEG variables.
Results: Relative to sham control, 0.5 and 100 Hz CES caused the alpha band mean frequency to shift downward. Additionally, 100 Hz CES also caused a decrease of the alpha band median frequency and beta band power fraction.
Conclusions: Both 0.5 and 100 Hz CES provide frequency distribution shifts that suggest beneficial changes in mental state. However, compared to 0.5 Hz CES, 100 Hz CES effected a greater overall change. It is suggested that similar tests be performed on individuals with various behavioral and neurological disorders to determine if comparable EEG changes can be realized and correlated with beneficial effects of CES therapy. |
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AbstractList | Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES).
Twelve normal, right-handed males were used in a randomized, double-blind crossover design study. A 3 amplifier system incorporating noise-cancellation was used to collect one channel of EEG (O1-Cz configuration) for 30 min. Either 0.5, 100 Hz, or sham CES treatment was administered for 20 min of each session. Statistical analyses were applied to time- and frequency-domain EEG variables.
Relative to sham control, 0.5 and 100 Hz CES caused the alpha band mean frequency to shift downward. Additionally, 100 Hz CES also caused a decrease of the alpha band median frequency and beta band power fraction.
Both 0.5 and 100 Hz CES provide frequency distribution shifts that suggest beneficial changes in mental state. However, compared to 0.5 Hz CES, 100 Hz CES effected a greater overall change. It is suggested that similar tests be performed on individuals with various behavioral and neurological disorders to determine if comparable EEG changes can be realized and correlated with beneficial effects of CES therapy. OBJECTIVENormal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES).METHODSTwelve normal, right-handed males were used in a randomized, double-blind crossover design study. A 3 amplifier system incorporating noise-cancellation was used to collect one channel of EEG (O1-Cz configuration) for 30 min. Either 0.5, 100 Hz, or sham CES treatment was administered for 20 min of each session. Statistical analyses were applied to time- and frequency-domain EEG variables.RESULTSRelative to sham control, 0.5 and 100 Hz CES caused the alpha band mean frequency to shift downward. Additionally, 100 Hz CES also caused a decrease of the alpha band median frequency and beta band power fraction.CONCLUSIONSBoth 0.5 and 100 Hz CES provide frequency distribution shifts that suggest beneficial changes in mental state. However, compared to 0.5 Hz CES, 100 Hz CES effected a greater overall change. It is suggested that similar tests be performed on individuals with various behavioral and neurological disorders to determine if comparable EEG changes can be realized and correlated with beneficial effects of CES therapy. Objective: Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES). Methods: Twelve normal, right-handed males were used in a randomized, double-blind crossover design study. A 3 amplifier system incorporating noise-cancellation was used to collect one channel of EEG (O1-Cz configuration) for 30 min. Either 0.5, 100 Hz, or sham CES treatment was administered for 20 min of each session. Statistical analyses were applied to time- and frequency-domain EEG variables. Results: Relative to sham control, 0.5 and 100 Hz CES caused the alpha band mean frequency to shift downward. Additionally, 100 Hz CES also caused a decrease of the alpha band median frequency and beta band power fraction. Conclusions: Both 0.5 and 100 Hz CES provide frequency distribution shifts that suggest beneficial changes in mental state. However, compared to 0.5 Hz CES, 100 Hz CES effected a greater overall change. It is suggested that similar tests be performed on individuals with various behavioral and neurological disorders to determine if comparable EEG changes can be realized and correlated with beneficial effects of CES therapy. |
Author | Schroeder, M.J Barr, R.E |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M.J surname: Schroeder fullname: Schroeder, M.J email: emailmjs@yahoo.com organization: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: R.E surname: Barr fullname: Barr, R.E organization: Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA |
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Cites_doi | 10.1097/00005053-199507000-00010 10.1007/BF02474669 10.1109/10.532128 10.1007/BF02347051 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1986.tb05064.x 10.3727/036012991816358080 10.1001/archpsyc.1973.04200040103017 10.1016/0013-4694(73)90170-3 10.1097/00005053-198205000-00004 |
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Keywords | Electroencephalogram Cranial electrotherapy stimulation Instrumentation Human Electrodiagnosis Nervous system diseases Electrotherapy Treatment efficiency Electroencephalography Neurological disorder Quantitative analysis Behavioral disorder |
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Snippet | Objective: Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial... Normal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial electrotherapy... OBJECTIVENormal individuals were used to quantitate electroencephalographic (EEG) changes during concurrent administration of 0.5 and 100 Hz cranial... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Alpha Rhythm Beta Rhythm Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiopathology Cranial electrotherapy stimulation Cross-Over Studies Double-Blind Method Electric Stimulation Therapy Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording Electroencephalogram Electroencephalography Humans Instrumentation Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Male Medical sciences Nervous system |
Title | Quantitative analysis of the electroencephalogram during cranial electrotherapy stimulation |
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