Defeaters and Higher-Level Requirements
Internalists tend to impose on justification higher-level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher-level belief (i.e., a belief about the epistemic credentials of a belief). I offer an error theory that explains the appeal of this requirement: analytica...
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| Published in | The Philosophical quarterly Vol. 55; no. 220; pp. 419 - 436 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishers
01.07.2005
Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Oxford University Press |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Internalists tend to impose on justification higher-level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher-level belief (i.e., a belief about the epistemic credentials of a belief). I offer an error theory that explains the appeal of this requirement: analytically, a belief is not justified if we have a defeater for it, but contingently, it is often the case that to avoid having defeaters, our beliefs must satisfy a higher-level requirement. I respond to the objection that externalists who endorse this error theory will be forced to accept a radical form of scepticism. |
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| AbstractList | Internalists tend to impose on justification higher‐level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher‐level belief (i.e., a belief about the epistemic credentials of a belief). I offer an error theory that explains the appeal of this requirement: analytically, a belief is not justified if we have a defeater for it, but contingently, it is often the case that to avoid having defeaters, our belief must satisfy a higher‐level requirement. I respond to the objection that externalists who endorse this error theory will be forced to accept a radical form of scepticism. Internalists tend to impose on justification higher-level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher-level belief (i.e., a belief about the epistemic credentials of a belief). I offer an error theory that explains the appeal of this requirement: analytically, a belief is not justified if we have a defeater for it, but contingently, it is often the case that to avoid having defeaters, our beliefs must satisfy a higher-level requirement. I respond to the objection that externalists who endorse this error theory will be forced to accept a radical form of scepticism. Internalists tend to impose on justification higher-level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher-level belief (i.e., a belief about the epistemic credentials of a belief). I offer an error theory that explains the appeal of this requirement: analytically, a belief is not justified if we have a defeater for it, but contingently, it is often the case that to avoid having defeaters, our beliefs must satisfy a higher-level requirement. I respond to the objection that externalists who endorse this error theory will be forced to accept a radical form of scepticism. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Bergmann, Michael |
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| Snippet | Internalists tend to impose on justification higher-level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher-level belief... Internalists tend to impose on justification higher‐level requirements, according to which a belief is justified only if the subject has a higher‐level belief... |
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| SubjectTerms | Agnosticism Attitudes Belief Empirical evidence Epistemic justification Epistemology Errors Externalism Internalism Justified beliefs Philosophical logics. Philosophy of language Philosophy Propositional attitudes Psychological attitudes Skepticism Theory Truth Values |
| Title | Defeaters and Higher-Level Requirements |
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