Serial Cytogenetic Studies in Acute Leukemia
Hematological and cytogenetic studies on bone marrow cells were performed on 101 adults with acute leukemia, 58(57.4%) of whom had abnormal karyotypes in their leukemic cells prior to treatment. In myelocytic leukemia, nonrandom distribution of chromosomal abnormalities was observed, C-, D+, E+, G-...
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Published in | Japanese Journal of Medicine Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 18 - 25 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
1976
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Abstract | Hematological and cytogenetic studies on bone marrow cells were performed on 101 adults with acute leukemia, 58(57.4%) of whom had abnormal karyotypes in their leukemic cells prior to treatment. In myelocytic leukemia, nonrandom distribution of chromosomal abnormalities was observed, C-, D+, E+, G- abnormalities, which were probably due to translocation of C group chromosome to the long arm of G chromosome, t (Cq- ; Gq+). This translocation occurred significantly more often than expected. All patients with these translocations had low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity and characteristic findings in blood pictures and survival time. Serial cytogenetic examinations were also performed on 32 patients. When the condition of these patients with abnormal karyotypes turned to complete or incomplete remission by effective treatment, most of the bone marrow metaphases were replaced by normal karyotypes, and sometimes, co-existence with a small percentage of abnormal karyotypes was observed. It seems that chromosome analyses during the course of the disease gave some information about the judgement of remission and guide for the leukemia therapy. The discussion was made on the frequency of chromosome abnormalities in acute leukemia, possible nonrandom abnormalities of chromosomes in acute myelocytic leukemia, and a fairly weak relationship between chromosome aberrations and survival time. |
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AbstractList | Hematological and cytogenetic studies on bone marrow cells were performed on 101 adults with acute leukemia, 58(57.4%) of whom had abnormal karyotypes in their leukemic cells prior to treatment. In myelocytic leukemia, nonrandom distribution of chromosomal abnormalities was observed, C-, D+, E+, G- abnormalities, which were probably due to translocation of C group chromosome to the long arm of G chromosome, t (Cq- ; Gq+). This translocation occurred significantly more often than expected. All patients with these translocations had low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity and characteristic findings in blood pictures and survival time. Serial cytogenetic examinations were also performed on 32 patients. When the condition of these patients with abnormal karyotypes turned to complete or incomplete remission by effective treatment, most of the bone marrow metaphases were replaced by normal karyotypes, and sometimes, co-existence with a small percentage of abnormal karyotypes was observed. It seems that chromosome analyses during the course of the disease gave some information about the judgement of remission and guide for the leukemia therapy. The discussion was made on the frequency of chromosome abnormalities in acute leukemia, possible nonrandom abnormalities of chromosomes in acute myelocytic leukemia, and a fairly weak relationship between chromosome aberrations and survival time. |
Author | ISHII, Yukifumi KAMADA, Nanao UCHINO, Haruto TANAKA, Ryuji OGUMA, Nobuo MIKAMI, Motoko |
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References | 3) Kamada N, Okada K, Oguma N, Tanaka, R, Mikami M, and Uchino H: C-G translocation in acute myelocytic leukemia with low neutruphil alkaline phosphatase activity. Cancer (In press). 2) Gunz FW, Bach BI, Crossen PE, Mellor JEL, Singh S, Vincent PC: Relevance of the cytognetic status in acute leukemia in adults. J Natl Cancer Inst 50: 55, 1973. 4) Tjio JH, Whang J: Chromosome preparations of bone marrow cells without prior in vitro culture or in vivo colchicine administration. Stain Technol 37: 17, 1962. 8) Sandberg AA, Takagi N, Sofuni T, Crosswhite LH: Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. V. Karyotypic aspects of acute leukemia. Cancer 22: 1268, 1968. 10) Price PM, Conover JH, Hirschhorn K: Chromosomal localization of human haemoglobin structural genes. Nature 237: 340, 1972. 14) Jensen MK: Cytogenetic studies in acute myeloid leukemia. Acta Med Scand 190: 429, 1971. 1) Hart JS, Trujillo JM, Freireich EJ, George, SL, Frei E, III.: Cytogenetic studies and their clinical correlations in adults with acute leukemia. Ann Intern Med. 75: 353, 1971. 5) Chicago Conference: Standardization in human cytogenetics. Birth Defects, Original Article Series. The National Foundation- March of Dimes, 1966. 11) Rowley JD : Identification of a translocation with quinacrine fluorescene in a patient with acute leukemia. Ann Genet 16: 109, 1973. 9) Kiossoglou KA, Mitus MJ, Dameshek W: Chromosomal aberrations in acute leukemia. Blood 26: 610, 1965. 12) Sakurai M, Oshimura M, Kakati S, Sandberg AA: 8-21 translocation and missing sex chromosomes in acute leukemia. Lancet ii: 227, 1974. 6) Trujillo JM, Cork A, Hart JS, George SL, Freireich EJ : Clinical implications of aneuploid cytogenetic profiles in adult acute leukemia. Cancer 33: 824, 1974. 13) Sakurai M, Sandberg AA: Prognosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia : chromosomal correlation. Blood 41: 93, 1973. 7) Fitzgerald PH, Crossen PE, Hamar JW: Abnormal karyotypic clones in human acute leukemia: Their nature and clinical significance. Cancer 31: 1069, 1973. 15) Rowley JD: Nonrandom chromosomal abnormalities in hematologic disorders of man. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 72: 152, 1975. 16) Levan G, Mitelman F: Clustering of aberrations to specific chromosomes in human neoplasms. Hereditas 79: 156, 1975. |
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Title | Serial Cytogenetic Studies in Acute Leukemia |
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