The effects of early weaning on Pavlovian fear conditioning in young rats
Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning. Stress enhancements on fear conditioning following early weaning, however, have yet to be studied in periweaning rats. Early weaning is a relevant animal model for human early life trauma, and Pavlovian fear conditioning is useful fo...
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| Published in | Developmental psychobiology Vol. 63; no. 6; pp. e22133 - n/a |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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United States
01.09.2021
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| Abstract | Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning. Stress enhancements on fear conditioning following early weaning, however, have yet to be studied in periweaning rats. Early weaning is a relevant animal model for human early life trauma, and Pavlovian fear conditioning is useful for identifying links between stress‐induced developmental changes and behavior. We hypothesized that early weaning—on postnatal day (P)15—would lead to higher levels of conditional freezing relative to rats weaned later in life. Periweaning rats were trained with a discrete conditional stimulus (CS) and a shock unconditional stimulus (US), and tested 1 or 15 days later. Enhanced retention was observed in early weaned rats receiving forward paired CS–US training in Experiment 1, though this did not replicate in the second experiment. Despite overall enhancements in early weaned rats in Experiment 1, infantile amnesia effects were not overcome in young rats tested 15 days after training. Enhanced freezing levels in early weaned rats were not observed in subjects receiving unpaired CS, US training, and sensitivity to the US was not different due to age at weaning. Potential mechanisms underlying weaning‐related enhancements and considerations for future studies including the role of social transmission of fear information are discussed. |
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| AbstractList | Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning. Stress enhancements on fear conditioning following early weaning, however, have yet to be studied in periweaning rats. Early weaning is a relevant animal model for human early life trauma, and Pavlovian fear conditioning is useful for identifying links between stress-induced developmental changes and behavior. We hypothesized that early weaning-on postnatal day (P)15-would lead to higher levels of conditional freezing relative to rats weaned later in life. Periweaning rats were trained with a discrete conditional stimulus (CS) and a shock unconditional stimulus (US), and tested 1 or 15 days later. Enhanced retention was observed in early weaned rats receiving forward paired CS-US training in Experiment 1, though this did not replicate in the second experiment. Despite overall enhancements in early weaned rats in Experiment 1, infantile amnesia effects were not overcome in young rats tested 15 days after training. Enhanced freezing levels in early weaned rats were not observed in subjects receiving unpaired CS, US training, and sensitivity to the US was not different due to age at weaning. Potential mechanisms underlying weaning-related enhancements and considerations for future studies including the role of social transmission of fear information are discussed. Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning. Stress enhancements on fear conditioning following early weaning, however, have yet to be studied in periweaning rats. Early weaning is a relevant animal model for human early life trauma, and Pavlovian fear conditioning is useful for identifying links between stress-induced developmental changes and behavior. We hypothesized that early weaning-on postnatal day (P)15-would lead to higher levels of conditional freezing relative to rats weaned later in life. Periweaning rats were trained with a discrete conditional stimulus (CS) and a shock unconditional stimulus (US), and tested 1 or 15 days later. Enhanced retention was observed in early weaned rats receiving forward paired CS-US training in Experiment 1, though this did not replicate in the second experiment. Despite overall enhancements in early weaned rats in Experiment 1, infantile amnesia effects were not overcome in young rats tested 15 days after training. Enhanced freezing levels in early weaned rats were not observed in subjects receiving unpaired CS, US training, and sensitivity to the US was not different due to age at weaning. Potential mechanisms underlying weaning-related enhancements and considerations for future studies including the role of social transmission of fear information are discussed.Early life stress enhances memory for Pavlovian fear conditioning. Stress enhancements on fear conditioning following early weaning, however, have yet to be studied in periweaning rats. Early weaning is a relevant animal model for human early life trauma, and Pavlovian fear conditioning is useful for identifying links between stress-induced developmental changes and behavior. We hypothesized that early weaning-on postnatal day (P)15-would lead to higher levels of conditional freezing relative to rats weaned later in life. Periweaning rats were trained with a discrete conditional stimulus (CS) and a shock unconditional stimulus (US), and tested 1 or 15 days later. Enhanced retention was observed in early weaned rats receiving forward paired CS-US training in Experiment 1, though this did not replicate in the second experiment. Despite overall enhancements in early weaned rats in Experiment 1, infantile amnesia effects were not overcome in young rats tested 15 days after training. Enhanced freezing levels in early weaned rats were not observed in subjects receiving unpaired CS, US training, and sensitivity to the US was not different due to age at weaning. Potential mechanisms underlying weaning-related enhancements and considerations for future studies including the role of social transmission of fear information are discussed. |
| Author | Brown, Kevin L. Kreiker, Malaz Perez, Katelyn |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Malaz orcidid: 0000-0003-4584-7179 surname: Kreiker fullname: Kreiker, Malaz organization: Drake University – sequence: 2 givenname: Katelyn surname: Perez fullname: Perez, Katelyn organization: Drake University – sequence: 3 givenname: Kevin L. surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Kevin L. email: kevin.l.brown@drake.edu organization: Drake University |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_cpz1_1040 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jep_2023_116364 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrep_2023_101475 |
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| Keywords | PTSD anxiety memory rats early life stress infantile amnesia |
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| Notes | Present address: Katelyn Perez, Southern College of Optometry, Memphis, TN 38104, USA. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals anxiety Conditioning, Classical early life stress Fear Humans infantile amnesia memory PTSD Rats Weaning |
| Title | The effects of early weaning on Pavlovian fear conditioning in young rats |
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