A Cumulative Risk and Resilience Model of Dyslexia
Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize dyslexia. In this article, we argue that rather than defining dyslexia on the basis of an underlying condition, dyslexia is best viewed as a...
Saved in:
| Published in | Journal of learning disabilities Vol. 55; no. 3; pp. 171 - 184 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Los Angeles, CA
SAGE Publications
01.05.2022
SAGE Publications and Hammill Institute on Disabilities SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize dyslexia. In this article, we argue that rather than defining dyslexia on the basis of an underlying condition, dyslexia is best viewed as a label for an unexpected reading disability. This view fits well with a preventive approach in which risk for reading disability is identified and addressed prior to children experiencing reading failure. A risk–resilience model is introduced that proposes that dyslexia is due to the cumulative effects of risk and resilience factors. Evidence for the multifactorial causal basis of dyslexia is reviewed and potential factors that may offset this risk are considered. The implications of a cumulative risk and resilience model for early identification and intervention is discussed. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize dyslexia. In this article, we argue that rather than defining dyslexia on the basis of an underlying condition, dyslexia is best viewed as a label for an unexpected reading disability. This view fits well with a preventive approach in which risk for reading disability is identified and addressed prior to children experiencing reading failure. A risk–resilience model is introduced that proposes that dyslexia is due to the cumulative effects of risk and resilience factors. Evidence for the multifactorial causal basis of dyslexia is reviewed and potential factors that may offset this risk are considered. The implications of a cumulative risk and resilience model for early identification and intervention is discussed. Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize dyslexia. In this article, we argue that rather than defining dyslexia on the basis of an underlying condition, dyslexia is best viewed as a label for an unexpected reading disability. This view fits well with a preventive approach in which risk for reading disability is identified and addressed prior to children experiencing reading failure. A risk-resilience model is introduced that proposes that dyslexia is due to the cumulative effects of risk and resilience factors. Evidence for the multifactorial causal basis of dyslexia is reviewed and potential factors that may offset this risk are considered. The implications of a cumulative risk and resilience model for early identification and intervention is discussed.Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize dyslexia. In this article, we argue that rather than defining dyslexia on the basis of an underlying condition, dyslexia is best viewed as a label for an unexpected reading disability. This view fits well with a preventive approach in which risk for reading disability is identified and addressed prior to children experiencing reading failure. A risk-resilience model is introduced that proposes that dyslexia is due to the cumulative effects of risk and resilience factors. Evidence for the multifactorial causal basis of dyslexia is reviewed and potential factors that may offset this risk are considered. The implications of a cumulative risk and resilience model for early identification and intervention is discussed. |
| Author | Petscher, Yaacov Catts, Hugh W. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hugh W. surname: Catts fullname: Catts, Hugh W. email: hcatts@fsu.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Yaacov surname: Petscher fullname: Petscher, Yaacov |
| BackLink | http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1335272$$DView record in ERIC https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365842$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp9kctOwzAQRS1URB_wASxAkdiwSfErsbOsSnmpCKmCdeQ4E-SSxCVOEP17UqUUqQhWXtxzZjwzQ9QrbQkInRI8JkSIK4wppSTilBDMBA7pARqQgEmfC4l7aLDJ_Q3QR0PnlhhjTkV4hPqMszCQnA4QnXjTpmhyVZsP8BbGvXmqTL0FOJMbKDV4jzaF3LOZd712OXwadYwOM5U7ONm-I_RyM3ue3vnzp9v76WTuaxbh2k8UkIxJ0AlhJCRcRyqhEQlSLUSolFaMykSINGFSp0GEteApRInSWAiiMslG6LKru6rsewOujgvjNOS5KsE2LqZBEIWinYi26MUeurRNVba_i2nIJZeMh0FLnW-pJikgjVeVKVS1jr-30QJnHQCV0bt49kAYC7o2pMt1ZZ2rINsxBMebi8S_LtI6Ys_Rpm63bcu6Uib_1xx3plOv8DPQ38IXX4WW6g |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_feduc_2024_1495043 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajp_2023_103795 crossref_primary_10_1044_2024_JSLHR_24_00202 crossref_primary_10_1002_dys_1800 crossref_primary_10_1002_dys_1764 crossref_primary_10_1590_1982_0216_20242650824s crossref_primary_10_1007_s40617_025_01048_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s42822_023_00153_2 crossref_primary_10_1002_dys_1763 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00303_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_learninstruc_2025_102081 crossref_primary_10_1177_23813377221120107 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_021_00250_0 crossref_primary_10_1177_09388982241245483 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11145_022_10303_4 crossref_primary_10_5334_joc_287 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0318690 crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci12101292 crossref_primary_10_1098_rsos_200414 crossref_primary_10_1177_00222194241263659 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00311_0 crossref_primary_10_1002_berj_4070 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11145_022_10370_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_022_00274_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00305_y crossref_primary_10_1177_10731911231194992 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41809_023_00128_0 crossref_primary_10_1111_1471_3802_12722 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_learninstruc_2025_102090 crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci13020328 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00308_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_jintelligence11050079 crossref_primary_10_1080_00049530_2024_2399114 crossref_primary_10_1177_07319487241302309 crossref_primary_10_1044_2023_JSLHR_22_00142 crossref_primary_10_1111_mbe_12407 crossref_primary_10_1086_723374 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_025_00322_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11145_022_10296_0 crossref_primary_10_1044_2023_LSHSS_22_00133 crossref_primary_10_2147_PRBM_S397665 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11145_022_10361_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00316_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_10888438_2023_2195112 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cobeha_2024_101410 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_60834_9 crossref_primary_10_1080_10824669_2023_2264185 crossref_primary_10_1111_ldrp_12316 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_023_00285_5 crossref_primary_10_1111_desc_13443 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_learninstruc_2024_102019 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11145_024_10558_z crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci13071020 crossref_primary_10_1002_rrq_499 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42844_023_00098_w crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_024_00310_1 crossref_primary_10_1093_pch_pxad038 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_learninstruc_2024_101969 crossref_primary_10_1002_dys_1750 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11881_023_00295_3 crossref_primary_10_1590_1982_0216_20242650824 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dcn_2024_101376 crossref_primary_10_1093_pch_pxae086 crossref_primary_10_1525_mp_2023_41_2_148 crossref_primary_10_1002_pits_23051 crossref_primary_10_1093_pch_pxae088 crossref_primary_10_53841_bpsecp_2023_40_1_17 crossref_primary_10_1177_00222194231157722 |
| Cites_doi | 10.3390/children5070098 10.31234/osf.io/nvgje 10.1177/0016986213500342 10.1177/0956797617739704 10.1111/desc.13039 10.1111/jcpp.12488 10.1007/s11145-016-9692-2 10.3102/00028312039002469 10.1016/j.chc.2014.01.002 10.1177/0022219420906801 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01763.x 10.1002/dys.186 10.1177/001440290807400301 10.1038/s41586-019-1466-y 10.1111/jcpp.12029 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02346.x 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.05.009 10.1207/s1532799xssr0804_1 10.1080/10888438.2019.1706180 10.1177/00224669040380020501 10.1111/1475-3588.00201 10.1037/edu0000006 10.1177/002221940203500306 10.1080/10888438.2011.570397 10.3102/0013189X18801322 10.1016/j.lindif.2015.03.017 10.1037/spq0000117 10.1177/0022219413498115 10.1080/10888438.2017.1313846 10.1037/a0026744 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100431 10.1007/s10802-005-1828-9 10.1111/j.1467-9817.2009.01415.x 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/096) 10.1037/ccp0000170 10.1075/swll.15 10.1300/J146v02n01_02 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00346 10.1207/s1532799xssr0304_2 10.1007/s40817-020-00079-2 10.1093/brain/awg076 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04419.x 10.1037/0022-0663.91.3.415 10.1007/s40474-015-0067-1 10.1037/edu0000181 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02873 10.1037/bul0000037 10.1371/journal.pone.0158753 10.1023/A:1022534527021 10.1002/rrq.333 10.1111/jcpp.12412 10.1016/j.jecp.2005.07.003 10.1111/1469-7610.00691 10.1017/S0954579409000340 10.1037/a0025823 10.1037/spq0000256 10.1177/00222194050380020101 10.1177/0734282920943456 10.3102/00346543071003393 10.1007/s11881-012-0076-2 10.1111/desc.12153 10.2307/1130834 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00483.x 10.1080/17470210701508830 10.1017/CBO9781139017824 10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.235 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-L-17-0146 10.1002/cad.20289 10.1111/jftr.12255 10.1080/10888438.2017.1346660 10.1111/1540-5826.00077 10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00592.x 10.1037/edu0000201 10.3102/0034654315584685 10.1177/0022219412469688 10.1023/A:1008050403932 10.1177/0022219412439608 10.1159/000052672 10.18666/LDMJ-2020-V25-I1-9552 10.1080/03054985.2020.1765756 10.1016/j.tics.2009.12.003 10.1177/0963721420925518 10.1177/0956797620904450 10.1111/desc.12471 10.1093/cercor/bhx131 10.1080/10705511.2014.915181 10.1598/RRQ.33.1.3 10.1044/0161-1461(2001/004) 10.1080/10888430701746864 10.1177/0956797617736886 10.1002/dys.198 10.1038/tp.2016.2 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112842 10.1001/archpedi.156.3.280 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.2537 10.1111/cdep.12293 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.05.002 10.1111/cdev.13216 10.1037/0033-2909.131.4.592 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/070) 10.1037/0022-0663.91.4.579 10.1002/dys.1447 10.1177/0022219414538517 10.1037/0022-0663.92.3.466 10.1080/10888438.2019.1603543 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.06.005 10.1080/87565641.2003.9651913 10.1177/0014402914532234 10.1080/02796015.2007.12087917 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.04.008 10.1002/dys.413 10.1192/bjp.147.6.598 10.1002/rrq.160 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.013 10.1037/0022-0663.98.4.653 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2021 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2021 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7SW BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PET REK WWN CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7QJ AHOVV K9. NAPCQ 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1177/00222194211037062 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef ERIC ERIC (Ovid) ERIC ERIC ERIC (Legacy Platform) ERIC( SilverPlatter ) ERIC ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform) Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ERIC Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) Education Research Index ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Premium MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef ERIC MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Premium Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) CrossRef MEDLINE ERIC MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: ERI name: ERIC url: https://eric.ed.gov/ sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine Education Psychology |
| EISSN | 1538-4780 |
| ERIC | EJ1335272 |
| EndPage | 184 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 34365842 EJ1335272 10_1177_00222194211037062 10.1177_00222194211037062 |
| Genre | Journal Article Review |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: chan zuckerberg initiative grantid: none provided funderid: https://doi.org/10.13039/100014989 |
| GroupedDBID | --- --Z -DZ -TM -~X .2G .2L .GJ .GO 0-V 01A 09Z 0R~ 186 18M 1VT 1~K 29K 31S 31T 31V 31W 31X 36B 3EH 4.4 53G 54M 5GY 5RE 5VS 5WV 5WW 6PF 7RV 7X7 85S 88E 8A4 8C1 8FI 8FJ 8G5 8R4 8R5 AACKU AADIR AADUE AAGGD AAGLT AAHSB AAJPV AAKTJ AAMFR AANSI AAPEO AAQDB AAQXI AARIX AATAA AAWLO AAWTL AAYJJ AAYOK ABAWP ABCCA ABCJG ABEIX ABFXH ABHQH ABIDT ABIVO ABJNI ABKRH ABOPQ ABPNF ABPPZ ABQKF ABQPY ABQXT ABRHV ABUJY ABUWG ABWJO ABYTW ACAEP ACCUC ACDXX ACFUR ACFZE ACGFO ACGFS ACHQT ACJER ACKOT ACLZU ACNCT ACOFE ACOXC ACROE ACRPL ACSIQ ACTDY ACUFS ACUIR ACZOB ADBBV ADDLC ADEBD ADEIA ADMHC ADNMO ADNON ADPEE ADRRZ ADSTG ADTOS ADUKL ADXHL ADYCS AEDXQ AEEHM AEOBU AESMA AESZF AETEA AEUHG AEVPJ AEWDL AEWHI AEXNY AFEET AFFDN AFFNX AFHKK AFKBI AFKRA AFKRG AFMOU AFQAA AFUIA AFWMB AGDVU AGKLV AGNAY AGNHF AGNWV AGQPQ AGWNL AGWVZ AHDMH AHHFK AHMBA AHWHD AIDAL AIKWM AIMQZ AJUXI AJUZI ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSLI ANDLU ARALO ARTOV ARYUH ASOEW ASPBG ATKJL AUTPY AUVAJ AVQMV AVWKF AYPQM AZFZN AZQEC B8O B8S B8T B8Z BCR BCU BDZRT BEC BENPR BKEYQ BKOMP BLC BMVBW BPACV BPHCQ BVXVI CAG CBRKF CCGJY CCPQU CEADM CJNVE COF D-I DD0 DD~ DG~ DOPDO DU5 DV7 DV8 DWQXO EBS EJD EMG EMOBN EX3 F5P FAL FEDTE FHBDP FYUFA GNUQQ GROUPED_SAGE_PREMIER_JOURNAL_COLLECTION GUQSH H13 HEHIP HF~ HMCUK HVGLF H~9 J8X K50 LIQON LPU LWO M0P M1D M1P M2M M2O M2S MLAFT MVM N9A NAPCQ O9- OHT P.B P2P PADUT PCD PEA PHGZM PHGZT PMKZF PQEDU PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PSYQQ Q1R Q2X Q7O Q7P Q7X ROL RWL S01 S0X SASJQ SAUOL SCNPE SFC SFK SGU SGV SHB SJFOW SSDHQ TAE TN5 TWZ U5U UBC UBH UBZ UHB UKHRP UKR UPT V62 VJK WH7 WHG WOW WQ9 XJT XOL XZL Y4B YQI YQJ YQT YR5 YYQ Z0I ZCA ZCG ZGI ZHY ZPLXX ZPPRI ZXP ZY4 ~32 ~34 AAYXX ACCVC AJGYC AMNSR CITATION 7SW AAEJI AAPII AJVBE BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PEJEM PET PJZUB POGQB PPXIY PRQQA REK WWN 3V. AAMGE ABTAH ACTQU AEUIJ AIOMO CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF M4V NPM PKN VQA YCJ YIF YIN ZKG 7QJ AHOVV AJHME K9. 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-bae1f38ecb131614c9ab2915dc776aaca328b77db38cd590c74de9bac0771af83 |
| ISSN | 0022-2194 1538-4780 |
| IngestDate | Fri Jul 11 09:28:03 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 28 18:14:28 EDT 2025 Wed Feb 19 02:27:16 EST 2025 Fri Aug 01 12:24:28 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 05:29:27 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:04:15 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 17 22:44:14 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | false |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 3 |
| Keywords | early identification/intervention resilience dyslexia |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c390t-bae1f38ecb131614c9ab2915dc776aaca328b77db38cd590c74de9bac0771af83 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 34365842 |
| PQID | 2648483465 |
| PQPubID | 36290 |
| PageCount | 14 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2559674272 proquest_journals_2648483465 pubmed_primary_34365842 eric_primary_EJ1335272 crossref_primary_10_1177_00222194211037062 crossref_citationtrail_10_1177_00222194211037062 sage_journals_10_1177_00222194211037062 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2022-05-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-05-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 05 year: 2022 text: 2022-05-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Los Angeles, CA |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Los Angeles, CA – name: United States – name: Austin |
| PublicationTitle | Journal of learning disabilities |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | J Learn Disabil |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications SAGE Publications and Hammill Institute on Disabilities SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC |
| Publisher_xml | – name: SAGE Publications – name: SAGE Publications and Hammill Institute on Disabilities – name: SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC |
| References | Stuebing, Fletcher, LeDoux, Lyon, Shaywitz, Shaywitz 2002; 39 Scammacca N. (bibr95-00222194211037062) 2007 bibr109-00222194211037062 de Yong P. (bibr34-00222194211037062) 2020 bibr66-00222194211037062 bibr94-00222194211037062 bibr26-00222194211037062 bibr53-00222194211037062 bibr111-00222194211037062 bibr124-00222194211037062 bibr13-00222194211037062 bibr40-00222194211037062 bibr3-00222194211037062 bibr54-00222194211037062 bibr67-00222194211037062 Critchley M. (bibr29-00222194211037062) 1970 bibr14-00222194211037062 bibr81-00222194211037062 bibr27-00222194211037062 bibr108-00222194211037062 bibr41-00222194211037062 bibr55-00222194211037062 bibr65-00222194211037062 bibr25-00222194211037062 bibr70-00222194211037062 bibr15-00222194211037062 bibr96-00222194211037062 bibr100-00222194211037062 bibr107-00222194211037062 bibr80-00222194211037062 bibr110-00222194211037062 bibr10-00222194211037062 bibr69-00222194211037062 bibr49-00222194211037062 bibr5-00222194211037062 bibr50-00222194211037062 bibr121-00222194211037062 bibr101-00222194211037062 bibr77-00222194211037062 bibr64-00222194211037062 bibr57-00222194211037062 bibr97-00222194211037062 bibr84-00222194211037062 bibr118-00222194211037062 bibr44-00222194211037062 bibr105-00222194211037062 bibr24-00222194211037062 bibr62-00222194211037062 bibr125-00222194211037062 bibr72-00222194211037062 bibr1-00222194211037062 bibr52-00222194211037062 bibr92-00222194211037062 bibr32-00222194211037062 bibr42-00222194211037062 bibr82-00222194211037062 bibr22-00222194211037062 bibr123-00222194211037062 Fletcher J. M. (bibr43-00222194211037062) 2019 bibr113-00222194211037062 bibr12-00222194211037062 bibr19-00222194211037062 bibr39-00222194211037062 bibr89-00222194211037062 bibr79-00222194211037062 bibr99-00222194211037062 bibr33-00222194211037062 bibr20-00222194211037062 bibr59-00222194211037062 bibr8-00222194211037062 bibr46-00222194211037062 bibr103-00222194211037062 bibr18-00222194211037062 bibr116-00222194211037062 bibr87-00222194211037062 bibr74-00222194211037062 bibr21-00222194211037062 bibr7-00222194211037062 bibr61-00222194211037062 bibr115-00222194211037062 bibr17-00222194211037062 Davis R. D. (bibr30-00222194211037062) 1997 Fraser M. W. (bibr47-00222194211037062) 2004 bibr45-00222194211037062 bibr75-00222194211037062 bibr6-00222194211037062 bibr117-00222194211037062 bibr60-00222194211037062 bibr90-00222194211037062 bibr120-00222194211037062 bibr76-00222194211037062 Eide B. L. (bibr37-00222194211037062) 2011 bibr23-00222194211037062 bibr91-00222194211037062 bibr106-00222194211037062 bibr56-00222194211037062 bibr36-00222194211037062 bibr16-00222194211037062 bibr126-00222194211037062 bibr28-00222194211037062 bibr119-00222194211037062 Plomin R. (bibr86-00222194211037062) 2013 Dweck C. S. (bibr35-00222194211037062) 2006 bibr11-00222194211037062 bibr71-00222194211037062 bibr122-00222194211037062 bibr4-00222194211037062 bibr31-00222194211037062 bibr51-00222194211037062 bibr98-00222194211037062 bibr112-00222194211037062 bibr88-00222194211037062 bibr102-00222194211037062 bibr68-00222194211037062 bibr78-00222194211037062 bibr48-00222194211037062 bibr58-00222194211037062 bibr38-00222194211037062 bibr83-00222194211037062 bibr93-00222194211037062 bibr104-00222194211037062 bibr9-00222194211037062 bibr73-00222194211037062 bibr114-00222194211037062 bibr2-00222194211037062 bibr63-00222194211037062 Petscher Y. (bibr85-00222194211037062) 2016 |
| References_xml | – volume: 39 start-page: 469 issue: 2 year: 2002 end-page: 518 article-title: Validity of IQ discrepancy classifications of reading disabilities: A meta-analysis publication-title: American Educational Research Journal – ident: bibr64-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3390/children5070098 – ident: bibr22-00222194211037062 doi: 10.31234/osf.io/nvgje – start-page: 385 volume-title: Risk and resilience in childhood: An ecological perspective year: 2004 ident: bibr47-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr9-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0016986213500342 – ident: bibr98-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0956797617739704 – ident: bibr76-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/desc.13039 – ident: bibr18-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12488 – ident: bibr23-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1007/s11145-016-9692-2 – ident: bibr107-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3102/00028312039002469 – ident: bibr32-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2014.01.002 – ident: bibr72-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0022219420906801 – ident: bibr91-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01763.x – ident: bibr105-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/dys.186 – ident: bibr99-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/001440290807400301 – ident: bibr123-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1466-y – ident: bibr56-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12029 – ident: bibr68-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02346.x – ident: bibr14-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.05.009 – ident: bibr27-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1207/s1532799xssr0804_1 – ident: bibr69-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888438.2019.1706180 – ident: bibr84-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr4-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/00224669040380020501 – ident: bibr100-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/1475-3588.00201 – ident: bibr5-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/edu0000006 – ident: bibr97-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/002221940203500306 – ident: bibr73-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888438.2011.570397 – ident: bibr28-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3102/0013189X18801322 – ident: bibr113-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.lindif.2015.03.017 – ident: bibr15-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/spq0000117 – ident: bibr24-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0022219413498115 – ident: bibr83-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888438.2017.1313846 – ident: bibr70-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/a0026744 – ident: bibr75-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100431 – ident: bibr6-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1007/s10802-005-1828-9 – ident: bibr52-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9817.2009.01415.x – ident: bibr19-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2005/096) – ident: bibr108-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/ccp0000170 – ident: bibr16-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1075/swll.15 – ident: bibr65-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1300/J146v02n01_02 – ident: bibr111-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00346 – ident: bibr20-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1207/s1532799xssr0304_2 – ident: bibr51-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1007/s40817-020-00079-2 – ident: bibr92-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1093/brain/awg076 – ident: bibr10-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04419.x – ident: bibr122-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.91.3.415 – ident: bibr60-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1007/s40474-015-0067-1 – ident: bibr59-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/edu0000181 – ident: bibr89-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02873 – ident: bibr103-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/bul0000037 – ident: bibr11-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158753 – ident: bibr67-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1023/A:1022534527021 – ident: bibr40-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/rrq.333 – ident: bibr109-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12412 – ident: bibr58-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2005.07.003 – volume-title: Behavioral genetics year: 2013 ident: bibr86-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr121-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00691 – ident: bibr45-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1017/S0954579409000340 – ident: bibr80-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/a0025823 – ident: bibr13-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/spq0000256 – ident: bibr46-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/00222194050380020101 – ident: bibr82-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0734282920943456 – ident: bibr36-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3102/00346543071003393 – ident: bibr124-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1007/s11881-012-0076-2 – ident: bibr17-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/desc.12153 – ident: bibr96-00222194211037062 doi: 10.2307/1130834 – ident: bibr120-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00483.x – volume-title: The dyslexic advantage: Unlocking the hidden potential of the dyslexic brain year: 2011 ident: bibr37-00222194211037062 – start-page: 31 volume-title: Dyslexia: Revisiting etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and policy year: 2020 ident: bibr34-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr101-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/17470210701508830 – volume-title: Mindset: The new psychology of success year: 2006 ident: bibr35-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr41-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139017824 – volume-title: The earlier assessment for reading success year: 2016 ident: bibr85-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr1-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.235 – ident: bibr57-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1044/2019_JSLHR-L-17-0146 – ident: bibr118-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/cad.20289 – ident: bibr63-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/jftr.12255 – ident: bibr90-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888438.2017.1346660 – ident: bibr49-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/1540-5826.00077 – ident: bibr3-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00592.x – ident: bibr74-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/edu0000201 – ident: bibr88-00222194211037062 doi: 10.3102/0034654315584685 – ident: bibr126-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0022219412469688 – ident: bibr12-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1023/A:1008050403932 – ident: bibr54-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0022219412439608 – ident: bibr53-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1159/000052672 – ident: bibr66-00222194211037062 doi: 10.18666/LDMJ-2020-V25-I1-9552 – ident: bibr102-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/03054985.2020.1765756 – ident: bibr117-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2009.12.003 – ident: bibr8-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0963721420925518 – ident: bibr25-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0956797620904450 – ident: bibr78-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/desc.12471 – ident: bibr93-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhx131 – ident: bibr7-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10705511.2014.915181 – ident: bibr39-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1598/RRQ.33.1.3 – ident: bibr21-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1044/0161-1461(2001/004) – ident: bibr106-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888430701746864 – ident: bibr115-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0956797617736886 – ident: bibr26-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/dys.198 – ident: bibr62-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1038/tp.2016.2 – ident: bibr81-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112842 – ident: bibr33-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1001/archpedi.156.3.280 – ident: bibr71-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.2537 – ident: bibr125-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/cdep.12293 – ident: bibr77-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.05.002 – ident: bibr104-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1111/cdev.13216 – ident: bibr87-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.4.592 – ident: bibr61-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/070) – ident: bibr110-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.91.4.579 – ident: bibr38-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/dys.1447 – volume-title: The dyslexic child year: 1970 ident: bibr29-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr116-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0022219414538517 – ident: bibr48-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.92.3.466 – volume-title: The gift of dyslexia year: 1997 ident: bibr30-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr114-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/10888438.2019.1603543 – ident: bibr50-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.06.005 – volume-title: Learning disabilities: From identification to intervention year: 2019 ident: bibr43-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr44-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/87565641.2003.9651913 – ident: bibr2-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1177/0014402914532234 – ident: bibr119-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1080/02796015.2007.12087917 – ident: bibr79-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.04.008 – ident: bibr42-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/dys.413 – ident: bibr94-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1192/bjp.147.6.598 – ident: bibr112-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1002/rrq.160 – ident: bibr55-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.03.013 – volume-title: Extensive Reading Interventions in Grades K-3: From research to practice year: 2007 ident: bibr95-00222194211037062 – ident: bibr31-00222194211037062 doi: 10.1037/0022-0663.98.4.653 |
| SSID | ssj0004276 |
| Score | 2.562571 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | Considerable attention and legislation are currently focused on developmental dyslexia. A major challenge to these efforts is how to define and operationalize... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed eric crossref sage |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 171 |
| SubjectTerms | At Risk Students Attention Causal Models Child Children Disability Disability Identification Dyslexia Early Intervention Humans Learning disabilities Legislation People with disabilities Prevention Reading Difficulties Reading disabilities Reading Instruction Resilience Resilience (Psychology) Risk Risk Assessment Special education |
| Title | A Cumulative Risk and Resilience Model of Dyslexia |
| URI | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00222194211037062 http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1335272 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34365842 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2648483465 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2559674272 |
| Volume | 55 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3fa9swEBZZCqMvY8vWLV1XPBgMVlxky7bspxGyjlDo2EbL2qegX4ZClozGKXR__e5kWXayZax7McFSlNjf6XQn3X1HyJtMKhGD2YF82nmYmJKGIsvLMDM0NaXUQhrL9vkpm1wkp5fpZa_3vhO1tKrksfr5x7yS_0EV7gGumCV7D2T9oHADPgO-cAWE4fpPGI-Oxqvvtv7WrTn6ikHidbrh8nrWzFhtrLH54W6JzJdiiy06azZItKPcrTqxhWNRVRbtCRb0-XbcatNq2UB-JUCz3na3EMD79AF7nZB-UF21Z29aTZjwusxSoyprRl0nEqyj96K6jopbQqO66tvv2tmeD9v8W_gxdD0Zp04ZrzFhb6xQPm4wasjJN4d4QHZi8BPiPtkZXX3-ctamxsa2vqB_QnewbTm3NgdZM03Wo987bsdayJ-1Qs4fk0cOsmBUy8IT0jPzAVbedlE6A_LwzAVLDMiuX9zunpJ4FLSyEqCsBCArQSsrgZWVYFEGjaw8IxcfT87Hk9DVywgVK2gVSmGikuVGyYiBIZ-oQkiYh6lWnGcgBoLFueRcS5YrnRZU8USbQgpFOY9EmbM90p8v5uYFCYpClTJNEiOREU0XhaamLJB7j0tBdTYktHlVU-XI5LGmyWy6FaIheee_8qNmUvlb5z18_77jyWmEyYEcGg4aRKZuJi6nGKWJm-JZOiSvfTPoSTz8EnOzWEEfcJ0zntghntdI-tFZwtAQh5a3CG078Nb_t3-fh3lJdttZd0D61c3KvAJTtpKHTlwP7bbNLw6djzs |
| linkProvider | SAGE Publications |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3da9swED9GCltfujZb26wf02AwGLjIlm1Zj6EfpF1TttJCxx6MvgylmTOWZND99dMpstuUbow-6yRknXS6s373O4D3udIycW4H8mkXUWorGsm8qKLc0sxWykhlPdvnWT64TE-usquAqsRcmLCCkz2EVbkZeWPdnm5kSsIIxUXeGLgwTtH8LhWYjdCBpf7Xz1-Gd1mRiS8t5_Hq2CO8aT46yMKttAh8vudxLqC9_AV09BK-NVOf405u9mZTN-vfD1gdn_Ztq7AS_FLSn2-kNXhm6y6WdA7wjy48H4ZX-C4st1bz9hUkfbI_--6LgP2y5Px6ckNkbci5nVyPvNkgWG5tRMYVObidIP2mfA2XR4cX-4MoFGKINBN0Gilp44oVVquYOQ8x1UIqp-DMaM5zKbVkSaE4N4oV2mSCap4aK5TUlPNYVgVbh049ru0mECF0pbI0tQqptowQhtpKIKkbV5KavAe0UUSpA0s5FssYlXFDTP5wkXrwse3yY07R8S_hddRuK3h4EmPWGXcN242-y0ZRJcL_8G9rnvXgXdvsDiC-qsjajmdOxsVkOU_9EBvzfdKOzlKGHp5r-YA6vxv4r_N789-Sb-HF4GJ4Wp4en33aguUEt7kHYm5DZ_pzZnecszRVu-FU_AFw_AA1 |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3daxQxEB_KFUpf1J7WnlaNIAjCttnN7mbzeLQ92mpLLRbq05JPKD33incn1L_eTC677RUV8TmTYXYnmUwyM78BeFcqLTPvdiCedpXk1tFElpVLSksL65SRyga0z9Py8CI_viwu44Mb1sLEPzjdwbQqL1Ew1ri7b4zbjTHG3VDB6W_feHlhnKIJXvUHVZb1YHX49ezzyV1lZBbay4WcdZwR45q_ZbJ0Mi0nP9_zOpcyvsIhNHoMdSv-Ivfkemc-85L_fIDs-P_f9wQeRf-UDBcLagNWbNPH1s4xDaQPaycxGt-H9c563j6FbEj25t9CM7AflpxfTa-JbAw5t9OrcTAfBNuujcnEkf3bKcJwymdwMTr4sneYxIYMiWaCzhIlbepYZbVKmfcUcy2k8ooujOa8lFJLllWKc6NYpU0hqOa5sUJJTTlPpavYJvSaSWO3gAihnSry3CqE3DJCGGqdQHA3riQ15QBoq4xaR7RybJoxrtMWoPzhTxrAh27KzQKq42_Em6jhjvDgOMXqM-4Htlud162yakwDxFfXshjA227Yb0SMrsjGTuaext_NSp4HFs8Xa6XjznKGnp4feY96v2P8R_le_DPlG1g72x_Vn45OP76E9QxXesjH3Ibe7PvcvvI-00y9jhvjFxC0Aqo |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Cumulative+Risk+and+Resilience+Model+of+Dyslexia&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+learning+disabilities&rft.au=Catts%2C+Hugh+W.&rft.au=Petscher%2C+Yaacov&rft.date=2022-05-01&rft.issn=0022-2194&rft.eissn=1538-4780&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.epage=184&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F00222194211037062&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1177_00222194211037062 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0022-2194&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0022-2194&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0022-2194&client=summon |