Evidence for genetic influences common and specific to symptoms of generalized anxiety and panic
Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the distinction between GAD and PD. To test for distinction between disorders, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions...
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Published in | Journal of affective disorders Vol. 57; no. 1; pp. 25 - 35 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
2000
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the distinction between GAD and PD. To test for distinction between disorders, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions which were specific and common to GAD and PD in a cohort of male–male twin pairs.
Methods: Data were obtained from a telephone interview performed in 1992 utilizing the Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version 3-Revised. Interviews were administered to 6724 male–male monozygotic and dizygotic twin pair members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. We defined lifetime GAD by the report of six or more DSM-III-R symptoms and lifetime PD by the report of four or more DSM-III-R symptoms.
Results: The lifetime co-occurrence of GAD and PD was best explained by a model which did not include family environmental influences. The variance in risk for GAD was due to a 37.9% influence from additive genetic factors with the remainder due to unique environmental influences. The variance in risk for PD was due to a 22.6% additive genetic contribution which was common with GAD and a 21.2% non-additive genetic contribution specific to PD with the remainder of variance in risk for PD due to unique environmental influences.
Limitations: Results may be limited to middle aged males. Model fitting with full diagnostic criteria was not possible due to low prevalences.
Conclusions: Our data suggest a distinction in liability for GAD versus PD. The common genetic influence to GAD and PD may partially account for the risk of the co-occurrence of these disorders in a lifetime. |
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AbstractList | Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the distinction between GAD and PD. To test for distinction between disorders, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions which were specific and common to GAD and PD in a cohort of male–male twin pairs.
Methods: Data were obtained from a telephone interview performed in 1992 utilizing the Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version 3-Revised. Interviews were administered to 6724 male–male monozygotic and dizygotic twin pair members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. We defined lifetime GAD by the report of six or more DSM-III-R symptoms and lifetime PD by the report of four or more DSM-III-R symptoms.
Results: The lifetime co-occurrence of GAD and PD was best explained by a model which did not include family environmental influences. The variance in risk for GAD was due to a 37.9% influence from additive genetic factors with the remainder due to unique environmental influences. The variance in risk for PD was due to a 22.6% additive genetic contribution which was common with GAD and a 21.2% non-additive genetic contribution specific to PD with the remainder of variance in risk for PD due to unique environmental influences.
Limitations: Results may be limited to middle aged males. Model fitting with full diagnostic criteria was not possible due to low prevalences.
Conclusions: Our data suggest a distinction in liability for GAD versus PD. The common genetic influence to GAD and PD may partially account for the risk of the co-occurrence of these disorders in a lifetime. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the distinction between GAD and PD. To test for distinction between disorders, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions which were specific and common to GAD and PD in a cohort of male-male twin pairs. Data were obtained from a telephone interview performed in 1992 utilizing the Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version 3-Revised. Interviews were administered to 6724 male-male monozygotic and dizygotic twin pair members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. We defined lifetime GAD by the report of six or more DSM-III-R symptoms and lifetime PD by the report of four or more DSM-III-R symptoms. The lifetime co-occurrence of GAD and PD was best explained by a model which did not include family environmental influences. The variance in risk for GAD was due to a 37.9% influence from additive genetic factors with the remainder due to unique environmental influences. The variance in risk for PD was due to a 22.6% additive genetic contribution which was common with GAD and a 21.2% non-additive genetic contribution specific to PD with the remainder of variance in risk for PD due to unique environmental influences. Results may be limited to middle aged males. Model fitting with full diagnostic criteria was not possible due to low prevalences. Our data suggest a distinction in liability for GAD versus PD. The common genetic influence to GAD and PD may partially account for the risk of the co-occurrence of these disorders in a lifetime. BACKGROUNDGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the distinction between GAD and PD. To test for distinction between disorders, we estimated the genetic and environmental contributions which were specific and common to GAD and PD in a cohort of male-male twin pairs. METHODSData were obtained from a telephone interview performed in 1992 utilizing the Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version 3-Revised. Interviews were administered to 6724 male-male monozygotic and dizygotic twin pair members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. We defined lifetime GAD by the report of six or more DSM-III-R symptoms and lifetime PD by the report of four or more DSM-III-R symptoms. RESULTSThe lifetime co-occurrence of GAD and PD was best explained by a model which did not include family environmental influences. The variance in risk for GAD was due to a 37.9% influence from additive genetic factors with the remainder due to unique environmental influences. The variance in risk for PD was due to a 22.6% additive genetic contribution which was common with GAD and a 21.2% non-additive genetic contribution specific to PD with the remainder of variance in risk for PD due to unique environmental influences. LIMITATIONSResults may be limited to middle aged males. Model fitting with full diagnostic criteria was not possible due to low prevalences. CONCLUSIONSOur data suggest a distinction in liability for GAD versus PD. The common genetic influence to GAD and PD may partially account for the risk of the co-occurrence of these disorders in a lifetime. |
Author | Goldberg, Jack True, William R. Xian, Hong Lin, Nong Tsuang, Ming T. Lyons, Michael J. Eisen, Seth A. Scherrer, Jeffrey F. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jeffrey F. surname: Scherrer fullname: Scherrer, Jeffrey F. organization: School of Public Health, St. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: William R. surname: True fullname: True, William R. organization: School of Public Health, St. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Hong surname: Xian fullname: Xian, Hong organization: Research and Medical Service, St. Louis VAMC (151JC), 915 North Grand, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael J. surname: Lyons fullname: Lyons, Michael J. organization: Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Seth A. surname: Eisen fullname: Eisen, Seth A. organization: Research and Medical Service, St. Louis VAMC (151JC), 915 North Grand, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Jack surname: Goldberg fullname: Goldberg, Jack organization: Department of Veterans Affairs, Health Services Research and Development Service, Hines, IL, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Nong surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Nong organization: Research and Medical Service, St. Louis VAMC (151JC), 915 North Grand, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Ming T. surname: Tsuang fullname: Tsuang, Ming T. organization: Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at the Brockton/West Roxbury VA, Boston, MA, USA |
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Keywords | Panic Twins Males Generalized anxiety Human Prevalence Family study Anxiety disorder Environmental factor Male Genetic determinism Differential diagnostic Twin Concomitant disease Generalized anxiety disorder Criterion Cohort study Risk factor Critical study Genetics Clinical investigation Comparative study |
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Snippet | Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the... Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity of the... BACKGROUNDGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) often co-occur and have been shown to be heritable. Researchers have debated the validity... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult and adolescent clinical studies Age of Onset Anxiety Disorders - diagnosis Anxiety Disorders - epidemiology Anxiety Disorders - genetics Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Biological and medical sciences Diagnosis, Differential Diseases in Twins Environment Generalized anxiety Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Male Males Medical sciences Middle Aged Miscellaneous Panic Panic Disorder - diagnosis Panic Disorder - epidemiology Panic Disorder - genetics Prevalence Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Registries Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Twins United States - epidemiology Vietnam Warfare |
Title | Evidence for genetic influences common and specific to symptoms of generalized anxiety and panic |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00031-2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10708813 https://search.proquest.com/docview/70995975 |
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