Merkel cells and permanent disesthesia in the oral mucosa after soft tissue grafts
Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity an...
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| Published in | Journal of cellular physiology Vol. 224; no. 1; pp. 205 - 209 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.07.2010
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| Abstract | Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity and immunity because the skin and the mucosae constitute the first natural aspecific borders against pathogens. The aim of this paper was to investigate nervous net recovery after connective graft procedure, in relation with sensorial alteration in the injured area. Results showed that there is a close link among the number of Merkel cells and the alteration of sensations. Merkel cells can be found isolated standing in the basal layer, supposed to have neuroendocrine functions in the epithelia or in larger group not associated with nerves; when found in association with nerves they are named Merkel complexes, acting as slow adapter mechanical receptor. Our data can be explained in two ways: Merkel cells increase as a consequence of tissue injury, a sort of “SOS cells” that secrete neuroendocrine signals to guide tissue healing; as an alternative the presence of the Merkel cells could be read as a derailment of tissue regeneration with the stop of cellular differentiation in the direction of an abnormal proliferation, a sort of mad stem cell. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:205–209, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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| AbstractList | Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity and immunity because the skin and the mucosae constitute the first natural aspecific borders against pathogens. The aim of this paper was to investigate nervous net recovery after connective graft procedure, in relation with sensorial alteration in the injured area. Results showed that there is a close link among the number of Merkel cells and the alteration of sensations. Merkel cells can be found isolated standing in the basal layer, supposed to have neuroendocrine functions in the epithelia or in larger group not associated with nerves; when found in association with nerves they are named Merkel complexes, acting as slow adapter mechanical receptor. Our data can be explained in two ways: Merkel cells increase as a consequence of tissue injury, a sort of “SOS cells” that secrete neuroendocrine signals to guide tissue healing; as an alternative the presence of the Merkel cells could be read as a derailment of tissue regeneration with the stop of cellular differentiation in the direction of an abnormal proliferation, a sort of mad stem cell. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:205–209, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity and immunity because the skin and the mucosae constitute the first natural aspecific borders against pathogens. The aim of this paper was to investigate nervous net recovery after connective graft procedure, in relation with sensorial alteration in the injured area. Results showed that there is a close link among the number of Merkel cells and the alteration of sensations. Merkel cells can be found isolated standing in the basal layer, supposed to have neuroendocrine functions in the epithelia or in larger group not associated with nerves; when found in association with nerves they are named Merkel complexes, acting as slow adapter mechanical receptor. Our data can be explained in two ways: Merkel cells increase as a consequence of tissue injury, a sort of "SOS cells" that secrete neuroendocrine signals to guide tissue healing; as an alternative the presence of the Merkel cells could be read as a derailment of tissue regeneration with the stop of cellular differentiation in the direction of an abnormal proliferation, a sort of mad stem cell. Abstract Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity and immunity because the skin and the mucosae constitute the first natural aspecific borders against pathogens. The aim of this paper was to investigate nervous net recovery after connective graft procedure, in relation with sensorial alteration in the injured area. Results showed that there is a close link among the number of Merkel cells and the alteration of sensations. Merkel cells can be found isolated standing in the basal layer, supposed to have neuroendocrine functions in the epithelia or in larger group not associated with nerves; when found in association with nerves they are named Merkel complexes, acting as slow adapter mechanical receptor. Our data can be explained in two ways: Merkel cells increase as a consequence of tissue injury, a sort of “SOS cells” that secrete neuroendocrine signals to guide tissue healing; as an alternative the presence of the Merkel cells could be read as a derailment of tissue regeneration with the stop of cellular differentiation in the direction of an abnormal proliferation, a sort of mad stem cell. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:205–209, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| Author | Cricenti, L. Graziano, A. Aimetti, M. Panzica, G. Romano, F. Gotti, S. Perotto, S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. surname: Aimetti fullname: Aimetti, M. organization: Department of Periodontology, University of Turin Dental School, Turin, Italy – sequence: 2 givenname: F. surname: Romano fullname: Romano, F. organization: Department of Periodontology, University of Turin Dental School, Turin, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: L. surname: Cricenti fullname: Cricenti, L. organization: Department of Periodontology, University of Turin Dental School, Turin, Italy – sequence: 4 givenname: S. surname: Perotto fullname: Perotto, S. organization: Department of Periodontology, University of Turin Dental School, Turin, Italy – sequence: 5 givenname: S. surname: Gotti fullname: Gotti, S. organization: Department of Anatomy Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy – sequence: 6 givenname: G. surname: Panzica fullname: Panzica, G. organization: Department of Anatomy Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy – sequence: 7 givenname: A. surname: Graziano fullname: Graziano, A. email: deagra@libero.it organization: Department of Periodontology, University of Turin Dental School, Turin, Italy |
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| References_xml | – volume: 37 start-page: 263 year: 1992 end-page: 269 article-title: Non‐innervated Merkel cells and Merkel‐neurite complexes in human oral mucosa revealed using antiserum to protein gene product 9.5 publication-title: Arch Oral Biol – volume: 31 start-page: 218 year: 2004 end-page: 222 article-title: Merkel cells in the vellus hair follicles of human facial skin: A study using confocal laser microscopy publication-title: J Dermatol – volume: 253 start-page: 258 year: 2003 end-page: 263 article-title: Neural crest origin of mammalian Merkel cells publication-title: Dev Biol – volume: 63 start-page: 71 year: 1992 end-page: 72 article-title: 10‐year longitudinal study of untreated mucogingival defects publication-title: J Periodontol – volume: 5 start-page: 8 year: 1985 end-page: 13 article-title: A classification of marginal tissue recession publication-title: Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent – volume: 30 start-page: 5 year: 1998 end-page: 11 article-title: Neurogenic vasodilatation and plasma leakage in the skin 1998 publication-title: Gen Pharmac – volume: 46 start-page: 469 year: 1983 end-page: 477 article-title: An experimental study of the influence of sensory nerve fibers on Merkel cell differentiation in the labial mucosa of the rabbits publication-title: Arch Histol Jpn – volume: 63 start-page: 233 year: 1990 end-page: 241 article-title: Human Merkel cell regeneration in skin derived from cultured keratinocyte grafts publication-title: Lab Invest – volume: 101 start-page: 14503 year: 2004 end-page: 14508 article-title: Molecular profiling reveals synaptic release machinery in Merkel cells publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA – volume: 8 start-page: 303 year: 2003 end-page: 320 article-title: Surgical therapies fot the treatment of gingival recession. A systematic review publication-title: Ann Periodontol – volume: 40 start-page: 931 year: 1995 end-page: 940 article-title: An immunohistochemical and monastral blue‐vascular labelling study on the involvment of Capsaicin‐sensitive sensory innervation of the junctional epithelium in neurogenic plasma extravasation in the rat gingiva publication-title: Anchs Oral Biol – volume: 101 start-page: 1029 year: 1998 end-page: 1038 article-title: Nerve and blood vessel growth in response to grafted dermis and cultured keratinocytes publication-title: Plast Reconstr Surg – volume: 63 start-page: 489 year: 1992 end-page: 495 article-title: The natural history of periodontal disease in man. Prevalence, severity and extent of gingival recession publication-title: J Periodontol – volume: 123 start-page: 863 year: 1998 end-page: 868 article-title: CGRP and nitric oxide of neuronal origin and their involvment in neurogenic vasodilatation in rat skin microvasculature publication-title: Br Jo Pharmacol – volume: 40 start-page: 65 year: 1992 end-page: 71 article-title: Biological significance of dermal Merkel cells in development of cutaneous nerves in human fetal skin publication-title: J Histochem Cytochem – volume: 57 start-page: 147 year: 2007 end-page: 165 article-title: Merkel cells publication-title: J Am Acad Dermatol – volume: 86 start-page: 243 year: 2007 end-page: 251 article-title: Current considerations about Merkel cells publication-title: Eur J Cell Biol – volume: 87 start-page: 3299 year: 1990 end-page: 3303 article-title: Calcitonine gene‐related peptide stimulates proliferation of human endothelial cells publication-title: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA – ident: e_1_2_5_17_1 doi: 10.1016/S0012-1606(02)00015-5 – ident: e_1_2_5_9_1 doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(95)00060-3 – volume: 5 start-page: 8 year: 1985 ident: e_1_2_5_13_1 article-title: A classification of marginal tissue recession publication-title: Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent contributor: fullname: Miller PD – ident: e_1_2_5_19_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2004.tb00658.x – ident: e_1_2_5_8_1 doi: 10.1097/00006534-199804040-00022 – ident: e_1_2_5_14_1 doi: 10.1177/40.1.1370310 – volume: 63 start-page: 233 year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_5_3_1 article-title: Human Merkel cell regeneration in skin derived from cultured keratinocyte grafts publication-title: Lab Invest contributor: fullname: Compton CC – ident: e_1_2_5_2_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.02.009 – ident: e_1_2_5_6_1 doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3299 – ident: e_1_2_5_7_1 doi: 10.1016/S0306-3623(97)00078-5 – ident: e_1_2_5_15_1 doi: 10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.303 – ident: e_1_2_5_5_1 doi: 10.1073/pnas.0406308101 – ident: e_1_2_5_12_1 doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701696 – ident: e_1_2_5_16_1 doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(92)90048-D – ident: e_1_2_5_18_1 doi: 10.1679/aohc.46.469 – ident: e_1_2_5_4_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.1992.63.2.71 – ident: e_1_2_5_10_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.1992.63.6.489 – ident: e_1_2_5_11_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2007.02.001 |
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| Snippet | Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway... Abstract Connective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Cell differentiation Cell proliferation Connective Tissue - transplantation Connective tissues Differentiation (biology) Female Gingival Recession - pathology Gingival Recession - physiopathology Gingival Recession - surgery Grafting Humans Male Merkel Cells - pathology Mouth Mucosa - innervation Mouth Mucosa - surgery Mucosal immunity Nerve Net - pathology Nerve Net - physiopathology Nerve Regeneration Nerves Neurologic Examination Paresthesia - etiology Paresthesia - pathology Paresthesia - physiopathology Regeneration Regeneration (physiology) Skin & tissue grafts Skin grafts Soft tissues Stem cells Surgical Flaps - adverse effects Time Factors Tissue engineering Tissues Treatment Outcome Wound Healing |
| Title | Merkel cells and permanent disesthesia in the oral mucosa after soft tissue grafts |
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