Current expert opinion and attitudes to optimize telemedicine and achieve control in patients with asthma in post-pandemic era: The COMETA consensus

To collect perspectives and explore consensus for expert recommendations related to asthma control and the use of telemedicine among professionals who manage patients with asthma. A Delphi-like questionnaire was designed to analyse the level of agreement about several recommendations formulated by a...

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Published inAtención primaria Vol. 54; no. 12; p. 102492
Main Authors Molina Paris, Jesús, Almonacid Sánchez, Carlos, Blanco-Aparicio, Marina, Domínguez-Ortega, Javier, Giner Donaire, Jordi, Sánchez Marcos, Navidad, Plaza, Vicente
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Spain Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.12.2022
Elsevier
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Summary:To collect perspectives and explore consensus for expert recommendations related to asthma control and the use of telemedicine among professionals who manage patients with asthma. A Delphi-like questionnaire was designed to analyse the level of agreement about several recommendations formulated by an expert scientific committee about asthma control and the use of telemedicine with this purpose. A dedicated scientific committee validated the questionnaire, which included questions about the participants’ profile and the use of technological tools at a personal level or in clinical practice. The experts expressed their agreement with a Likert-scale of 9 values: 1–3 was considered no agreement, 4–6 neutral, and 7–9 agreement. A rate ≥70% with the same answer was considered consensus. The questionnaire was programmed and distributed as an internet-based survey. A pre-selected sample of 75 experts with experience in telemedicine (pulmonology, allergology, family medicine, nursing and community pharmacy) responded to a Delphi-like questionnaire composed by six questions and 52 items. Consultation was performed in two consecutive waves: the first wave was carried out from 12th of July to 8th of September of 2021; the second wave, from 25th of October to 12th of November of 2021. Three questions about asthma control (actions for achieving or maintaining control of asthma at every visit, current problems that affect asthma control, and potential solutions to offset such problems), and three questions about the impact of telemedicine in asthma control (potential benefits of telemedicine, and potential reticence about telemedicine among both patients and healthcare professionals) were included. From the 52 items inquired, 35 were agreed by consensus. The actions for achieving or maintaining control of asthma, the problems that affect asthma control, and their potential solutions were agreed by consensus. The potential benefits of telemedicine were validated by consensus. None of the potential reservations of patients about telemedicine were validated, while five out of 14 potential reservations of healthcare professionals were agreed by consensus. The COMETA consensus provides a current picture of the main problems for achieving asthma control, the benefits and the reservations about the use of telemedicine in the Spanish setting, and offers solutions. A wide interest in implementing telemedicine has been observed, although current limitations need to be overcome. Recoger las perspectivas y explorar el consenso de los expertos en las recomendaciones para un mejor control del asma y el uso de la telemedicina entre los profesionales que tratan pacientes con asma. Se diseñó un cuestionario con la metodología Delphi para analizar el nivel de acuerdo en varias recomendaciones formuladas por un comité científico experto sobre el asma y el uso de la telemedicina. Un comité experto validó el cuestionario, que incluyó preguntas sobre el perfil de los participantes y el uso de las herramientas tecnológicas a nivel personal y en la práctica clínica. Los expertos expresaron su acuerdo con una escala de Likert de 9 valores: 1-3 se consideró sin acuerdo, 4-6 neutral y 7-9 de acuerdo. Se consideró consenso cuando ≥70% de los participantes respondieron la misma respuesta. La consulta se realizó online. Una muestra preseleccionada de 75 expertos con experiencia en telemedicina (neumología, alergología, medicina familiar, enfermería y farmacia comunitaria) respondió a un cuestionario formado por 6 preguntas y 52 ítems. La consulta se realizó en dos olas consecutivas: la primera ola tuvo lugar desde el 12 de julio al 8 de septiembre de 2021. Y la segunda ola, del 25 de octubre al 12 de noviembre de 2021. En el cuestionario se incluyeron tres preguntas sobre el control del asma (acciones para lograr y/o mantener el control del asma, problemas actuales que afectan a este control y las posibles soluciones), y tres preguntas sobre el impacto de la telemedicina en el control del asma (potenciales beneficios de la telemedicina y la posible reticencia a telemedicina entre los pacientes y los profesionales sanitarios). De los 52 ítems consultados, en 35 de ellos se alcanzó el consenso. Se acordaron por consenso las acciones para lograr o mantener el control del asma, los problemas que afectan al control del asma y sus posibles soluciones. Los beneficios potenciales de la telemedicina fueron validados por consenso. Ninguna de las posibles reservas de los pacientes sobre la telemedicina fue validada, mientras que cinco de las 14 posibles reservas de los profesionales sanitarios se acordaron por consenso. El consenso COMETA ofrece una imagen actual de los principales problemas para lograr el control del asma, los beneficios y las reservas sobre el uso de la telemedicina en el ámbito español, y ofrece soluciones. Se ha observado un amplio interés por parte de los profesionales sanitarios por implementar la telemedicina, aunque es necesario superar las limitaciones actuales.
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ISSN:0212-6567
1578-1275
1578-1275
DOI:10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102492