Data Science and Analytics: An Overview from Data-Driven Smart Computing, Decision-Making and Applications Perspective

• Published in: SN computer science Vol. 2; no. 5; p. 377
• Main Author: Sarker, Iqbal H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Singapore 01.09.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Advances in Computational Approaches for Artificial Intelligence; Analytics; Artificial intelligence; Automation; Computation; Computer Imaging; Computer Science; Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks; Cybersecurity; Data analysis; Data science; Data Structures and Information Theory; Decision analysis; Decision making; Image Processing, IoT and Cloud Applications; Industrial applications; Industry 4.0; Information Systems and Communication Service; Internet of Things; Machine learning; Mathematical analysis; Pattern Recognition and Graphics; Review; Review Article; Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems; Vision; Deep learning; Decision-making; Data science applications; Advanced analytics; Smart computing; Machine learning; Data science; Predictive analytics
• DOI: 10.1007/s42979-021-00765-8
• ISSN: 2662-995X; 2661-8907

The digital world has a wealth of data, such as internet of things (IoT) data, business data, health data, mobile data, urban data, security data, and many more, in the current age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0 or 4IR). Extracting knowledge or useful insights from these data can be used for smart decision-making in various applications domains. In the area of data science, advanced analytics methods including machine learning modeling can provide actionable insights or deeper knowledge about data, which makes the computing process automatic and smart. In this paper, we present a comprehensive view on “Data Science” including various types of advanced analytics methods that can be applied to enhance the intelligence and capabilities of an application through smart decision-making in different scenarios. We also discuss and summarize ten potential real-world application domains including business, healthcare, cybersecurity, urban and rural data science, and so on by taking into account data-driven smart computing and decision making. Based on this, we finally highlight the challenges and potential research directions within the scope of our study. Overall, this paper aims to serve as a reference point on data science and advanced analytics to the researchers and decision-makers as well as application developers, particularly from the data-driven solution point of view for real-world problems.