Primary Sternal Osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in an Immunocompetent Adult

Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented wit...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inInfection & chemotherapy Vol. 49; no. 3; pp. 223 - 226
Main Authors Jang, Yu-Na, Sohn, Hyung-Sun, Cho, Sung-Yeon, Choi, Su-Mi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Korea (South) The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy 01.09.2017
대한감염학회
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2093-2340
2092-6448
DOI10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223

Cover

Abstract Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus, every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications.
AbstractList Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus , every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications.
Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus, every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications.Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus, every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications.
Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus, every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications.
Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often delayed. Herein, we describe a patient with PSO caused by Staphylococcus aureus that presented with chest pain and fever. The patient had no predisposing factors for sternal osteomyelitis. The chest pain was thought to be non-cardiogenic, as electrocardiography and cardiac enzyme did not reveal ischemic changes when he visited the emergency room. After blood culture revealed the presence of S. aureus, every effort was made to identify the primary focus of infection. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis with soft tissue inflammation around the sternum. After 8 weeks of antibiotics treatment, the patient recovered without any complications. KCI Citation Count: 0
Author Sohn, Hyung-Sun
Jang, Yu-Na
Choi, Su-Mi
Cho, Sung-Yeon
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
1 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
3 Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– name: 1 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– name: 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Yu-Na
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7813-0516
  surname: Jang
  fullname: Jang, Yu-Na
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Hyung-Sun
  surname: Sohn
  fullname: Sohn, Hyung-Sun
  organization: Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Sung-Yeon
  surname: Cho
  fullname: Cho, Sung-Yeon
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea., Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Su-Mi
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8187-5110
  surname: Choi
  fullname: Choi, Su-Mi
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea., Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28608656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002271201$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
BookMark eNp1Uc1rFDEUD1KxtfbuSeaohxnzNZnkIizFj4VCRevBU8hm3tjYTLImGWH_e7O7rajgy-EF3u8jeb-n6CTEAAg9J7hjig-vne0oJkPHVcc6StkjdEaxoq3gXJ4c7qyljONTdJHzd1xLSk6UeIJOqRRYil6coa8fk5tN2jWfC6RgfHOdC8R5B94Vlxtrlgxjs9nPzfZ256ON1i65MUuC2lxoTGjW87yEOpm3UCCUZjUuvjxDjyfjM1zc93P05d3bm8sP7dX1-_Xl6qq1TMrScsaHgQwUpnGkWCroJ6KoMobXw2DqmSRiQ420gkkxcgwYpg2x4yjq561l5-jVUTekSd9Zp6Nxh_4t6rukV59u1ppi0Q-SVOybI3a7bGYYbX1sMl5vjzs4MP-eBHdbdX7qXlDMFK4CL-8FUvyxQC56dtmC9yZAXLImqibAatEKffGn12-Th91XgDgCbIo5J5i0dcUUF_fWzmuC9T5n7aze56y50kzXnCsR_0N80P4v5RcIp6wX
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_4103_mjdrdypu_mjdrdypu_336_20
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijscr_2023_108654
crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_25313
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tcr_2020_100305
crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_16080
crossref_primary_10_1093_jscr_rjaa035
crossref_primary_10_1002_jgf2_347
Cites_doi 10.3947/ic.2014.46.2.125
10.5090/kjtcs.2015.48.1.86
10.1590/S1806-37132009000700013
10.1007/s15010-011-0171-z
10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.03.019
10.1016/j.idc.2006.09.009
10.1136/thx.40.11.872
10.1136/bcr-2013-008810
10.1080/00365549950161989
10.1378/chest.103.6.1912
10.1016/0003-4975(95)00722-9
10.1080/00365540601034808
10.1590/S1413-86702008000300018
10.2147/IMCRJ.S67203
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2017 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy.
Copyright © 2017 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy 2017
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2017 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy.
– notice: Copyright © 2017 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy 2017
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
7X8
5PM
ACYCR
DOI 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
Korean Citation Index
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
EISSN 2092-6448
EndPage 226
ExternalDocumentID oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_2065781
PMC5620390
28608656
10_3947_ic_2017_49_3_223
Genre Case Reports
GroupedDBID ---
5-W
8JR
8XY
9ZL
AAYXX
ABDBF
ACUHS
ACYCR
ADBBV
ADRAZ
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
BAWUL
BCNDV
CITATION
C~G
DIK
DYU
EBD
EF.
GROUPED_DOAJ
HYE
KQ8
M48
M~E
OK1
PGMZT
RPM
NPM
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c388t-43477172efdd2089e5f1929aa4a4a3ef53816b2a8c6386d40e0efb1cdd6017cc3
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 2093-2340
IngestDate Fri May 30 10:58:52 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 14:31:56 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 14:13:03 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:21:13 EST 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:14:02 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:31:25 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Keywords Osteomyelitis
Sternum
Immunocompetent host
Staphylococcus aureus
Language English
License Copyright © 2017 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c388t-43477172efdd2089e5f1929aa4a4a3ef53816b2a8c6386d40e0efb1cdd6017cc3
Notes ObjectType-Case Study-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-4
content type line 23
ObjectType-Report-1
ObjectType-Article-3
ORCID 0000-0001-7813-0516
0000-0002-8187-5110
OpenAccessLink http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223
PMID 28608656
PQID 1909233332
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 4
ParticipantIDs nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_2065781
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5620390
proquest_miscellaneous_1909233332
pubmed_primary_28608656
crossref_citationtrail_10_3947_ic_2017_49_3_223
crossref_primary_10_3947_ic_2017_49_3_223
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2017-09-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2017-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2017
  text: 2017-09-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Korea (South)
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Korea (South)
PublicationTitle Infection & chemotherapy
PublicationTitleAlternate Infect Chemother
PublicationYear 2017
Publisher The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy
대한감염학회
Publisher_xml – name: The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases and Korean Society for Chemotherapy
– name: 대한감염학회
References Mofredj (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref2) 1999; 31
Im (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref15) 2009; 43
Yi (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref14) 2006; 39
Baraboutis (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref11) 2008; 12
Chen (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref10) 2012; 40
Gill (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref4) 1989; 151
Kara (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref6) 2007; 39
Lin (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref5) 1996; 61
Lee (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref9) 2015; 48
Vacek (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref3) 2014; 7
de Carli (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref12) 2009; 35
Platt (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref1) 2012; 43
Kelly (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref8) 1985; 40
(10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref17) 2014; 46
Lo (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref7) 1993; 103
Cherif (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref13) 2013; 2013
Pineda (10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref16) 2006; 20
23580679 - BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Apr 10;2013:null
21524882 - J Emerg Med. 2012 Aug;43(2):e93-5
25246811 - Int Med Case Rep J. 2014 Sep 12;7:133-7
17118291 - Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2006 Dec;20(4):789-825
19669010 - J Bras Pneumol. 2009 Jul;35(7):709-12
10381228 - Scand J Infect Dis. 1999;31(1):98-100
8561566 - Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Jan;61(1):225-7
25024877 - Infect Chemother. 2014 Jun;46(2):125-38
25705607 - Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Feb;48(1):86-9
21847552 - Infection. 2012 Apr;40(2):195-7
18833413 - Braz J Infect Dis. 2008 Jun;12(3):257-9
2672602 - West J Med. 1989 Aug;151(2):199-203
17464875 - Scand J Infect Dis. 2007;39(5):469-72
4071463 - Thorax. 1985 Nov;40(11):872-3
8404133 - Chest. 1993 Jun;103(6):1912-3
References_xml – volume: 46
  start-page: 125
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref17
  publication-title: Infect Chemother
  doi: 10.3947/ic.2014.46.2.125
– volume: 48
  start-page: 86
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref9
  publication-title: Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
  doi: 10.5090/kjtcs.2015.48.1.86
– volume: 35
  start-page: 709
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref12
  publication-title: J Bras Pneumol
  doi: 10.1590/S1806-37132009000700013
– volume: 40
  start-page: 195
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref10
  publication-title: Infection
  doi: 10.1007/s15010-011-0171-z
– volume: 43
  start-page: e93
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref1
  publication-title: J Emerg Med
  doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.03.019
– volume: 43
  start-page: 245
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref15
  publication-title: Nucl Med Mol Imaging
– volume: 20
  start-page: 789
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref16
  publication-title: Infect Dis Clin North Am
  doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2006.09.009
– volume: 40
  start-page: 872
  year: 1985
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref8
  publication-title: Thorax
  doi: 10.1136/thx.40.11.872
– volume: 2013
  start-page: pii:bcr2013008810
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref13
  publication-title: BMJ Case Rep
  doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-008810
– volume: 31
  start-page: 98
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref2
  publication-title: Scand J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1080/00365549950161989
– volume: 103
  start-page: 1912
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref7
  publication-title: Chest
  doi: 10.1378/chest.103.6.1912
– volume: 151
  start-page: 199
  year: 1989
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref4
  publication-title: West J Med
– volume: 61
  start-page: 225
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref5
  publication-title: Ann Thorac Surg
  doi: 10.1016/0003-4975(95)00722-9
– volume: 39
  start-page: 340
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref14
  publication-title: Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
– volume: 39
  start-page: 469
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref6
  publication-title: Scand J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1080/00365540601034808
– volume: 12
  start-page: 257
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref11
  publication-title: Braz J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1590/S1413-86702008000300018
– volume: 7
  start-page: 133
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.3947/ic.2017.49.3.223_ref3
  publication-title: Int Med Case Rep J
  doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S67203
– reference: 25246811 - Int Med Case Rep J. 2014 Sep 12;7:133-7
– reference: 8404133 - Chest. 1993 Jun;103(6):1912-3
– reference: 17464875 - Scand J Infect Dis. 2007;39(5):469-72
– reference: 10381228 - Scand J Infect Dis. 1999;31(1):98-100
– reference: 2672602 - West J Med. 1989 Aug;151(2):199-203
– reference: 19669010 - J Bras Pneumol. 2009 Jul;35(7):709-12
– reference: 18833413 - Braz J Infect Dis. 2008 Jun;12(3):257-9
– reference: 21847552 - Infection. 2012 Apr;40(2):195-7
– reference: 21524882 - J Emerg Med. 2012 Aug;43(2):e93-5
– reference: 23580679 - BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Apr 10;2013:null
– reference: 25705607 - Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Feb;48(1):86-9
– reference: 25024877 - Infect Chemother. 2014 Jun;46(2):125-38
– reference: 4071463 - Thorax. 1985 Nov;40(11):872-3
– reference: 8561566 - Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Jan;61(1):225-7
– reference: 17118291 - Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2006 Dec;20(4):789-825
SSID ssj0000884196
Score 2.0718539
Snippet Primary sternal osteomyelitis (PSO) is a rare condition that may develop without any contiguous focus of infection. Due to the rarity of the disease, early...
SourceID nrf
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 223
SubjectTerms Case Report
내과학
Title Primary Sternal Osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus in an Immunocompetent Adult
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28608656
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1909233332
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5620390
https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002271201
Volume 49
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
ispartofPNX Infection and Chemotherapy, 2017, 49(3), , pp.223-226
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3Nb9UwDI_YuHBBIL7KxxQQFw59a5O0aQ4ITYhpQxogwZO2U5Qm7qg2WmhfJfbfY7fdg4eeEK3UHJI2qh3HP8eJzdjLTAtZAsq3M5WPlRYFzoNBxyIF40OVVSHQOuTJh_xoqd6fZqe_j0fPBOy3mnaUT2rZXS5-_rh6gwL_mixOo_R-TaEIU71QZiEXqO522E3USzmZYicz2B_n5aJQ6ZiwS6AZHwupkslvufUjG3pqp-mqbRD0752Uf6imwzvs9owp-cE0CO6yG9DcY2efpjgS_PMU5pl_RH62366A9rv13Luhh8BLqqeQ1ajTWu-HnruhAyzqhruGH9PpkdbP2HrFDyhax322PHz35e1RPOdRiL0silWspNJotQlAwoukMJBViOuMcwpvCVVGzsNSuMKjMOZBJZBAVaY-BLTWtPfyAdtt2gYeMQ5BgQFQxhkgj59LyipPETXKSmjnXMT2r6lm_RxknHJdXFo0NojOtvaW6GyVsdIinSP2av3G94kw_2j7AhlhL3xtKSo2leetvegsYv9jbJrj9JNG7Pk1nyyKCvk_XAPt0FvEPghn8RIRezjxbd2lKHI07rI8YnqDo-sG1OFmTVN_HcNxI4JMpEke_0e_T9gt-qFpj9pTtrvqBniGoGZV7o2LAfQ8W-6N4_YX8Rb3bw
linkProvider Scholars Portal
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Primary+Sternal+Osteomyelitis+caused+by+Staphylococcus+aureus+in+an+Immunocompetent+Adult&rft.jtitle=Infection+%26+chemotherapy&rft.au=Jang%2C+Yu+Na&rft.au=Sohn%2C+Hyung+Sun&rft.au=Cho%2C+Sung+Yeon&rft.au=Choi%2C+Su+Mi&rft.date=2017-09-01&rft.issn=2093-2340&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft_id=info:doi/10.3947%2Fic.2017.49.3.223&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2093-2340&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2093-2340&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2093-2340&client=summon