Extracellular matrix and liver disease
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic microenvironment that undergoes continuous remodeling, particularly during injury and wound healing. Chronic liver injury of many different etiologies such as viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, drug-induced liver injury, obesity and insulin resistance, metabo...
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Published in | Antioxidants & redox signaling Vol. 21; no. 7; p. 1078 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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United States
01.09.2014
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Abstract | The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic microenvironment that undergoes continuous remodeling, particularly during injury and wound healing. Chronic liver injury of many different etiologies such as viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, drug-induced liver injury, obesity and insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune disease is characterized by excessive deposition of ECM proteins in response to persistent liver damage.
This review describes the main collagenous and noncollagenous components from the ECM that play a significant role in pathological matrix deposition during liver disease. We define how increased myofibroblasts (MF) from different origins are at the forefront of liver fibrosis and how liver cell-specific regulation of the complex scarring process occurs.
Particular attention is paid to the role of cytokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and newly identified matricellular proteins in the regulation of fibrillar type I collagen, a field to which our laboratory has significantly contributed over the years. We compile data from recent literature on the potential mechanisms driving fibrosis resolution such as MF' apoptosis, senescence, and reversal to quiescence.
We conclude with a brief description of how epigenetics, an evolving field, can regulate the behavior of MF and of how new "omics" tools may advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which the fibrogenic response to liver injury occurs. |
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AbstractList | The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic microenvironment that undergoes continuous remodeling, particularly during injury and wound healing. Chronic liver injury of many different etiologies such as viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, drug-induced liver injury, obesity and insulin resistance, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune disease is characterized by excessive deposition of ECM proteins in response to persistent liver damage.
This review describes the main collagenous and noncollagenous components from the ECM that play a significant role in pathological matrix deposition during liver disease. We define how increased myofibroblasts (MF) from different origins are at the forefront of liver fibrosis and how liver cell-specific regulation of the complex scarring process occurs.
Particular attention is paid to the role of cytokines, growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and newly identified matricellular proteins in the regulation of fibrillar type I collagen, a field to which our laboratory has significantly contributed over the years. We compile data from recent literature on the potential mechanisms driving fibrosis resolution such as MF' apoptosis, senescence, and reversal to quiescence.
We conclude with a brief description of how epigenetics, an evolving field, can regulate the behavior of MF and of how new "omics" tools may advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which the fibrogenic response to liver injury occurs. |
Author | Arriazu, Elena Cubero, Francisco Javier Pérez de Obanos, María Pilar Abraham-Enachescu, Ioana Lopategi, Aritz Benedicto, Aitor Leung, Tung Ming Varela-Rey, Marta Ruiz de Galarreta, Marina Nieto, Natalia |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Elena surname: Arriazu fullname: Arriazu, Elena organization: 1 Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine , New York, New York – sequence: 2 givenname: Marina surname: Ruiz de Galarreta fullname: Ruiz de Galarreta, Marina – sequence: 3 givenname: Francisco Javier surname: Cubero fullname: Cubero, Francisco Javier – sequence: 4 givenname: Marta surname: Varela-Rey fullname: Varela-Rey, Marta – sequence: 5 givenname: María Pilar surname: Pérez de Obanos fullname: Pérez de Obanos, María Pilar – sequence: 6 givenname: Tung Ming surname: Leung fullname: Leung, Tung Ming – sequence: 7 givenname: Aritz surname: Lopategi fullname: Lopategi, Aritz – sequence: 8 givenname: Aitor surname: Benedicto fullname: Benedicto, Aitor – sequence: 9 givenname: Ioana surname: Abraham-Enachescu fullname: Abraham-Enachescu, Ioana – sequence: 10 givenname: Natalia surname: Nieto fullname: Nieto, Natalia |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24219114$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Apoptosis - physiology Extracellular Matrix - metabolism Extracellular Matrix - pathology Humans Liver - metabolism Liver - pathology Liver Diseases - metabolism Liver Diseases - pathology Myofibroblasts - metabolism Myofibroblasts - pathology |
Title | Extracellular matrix and liver disease |
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