Improvement of soft soils using geogrid encased stone columns
In recent years, geotextile encasement has been used to extend the use of stone columns to extremely soft soils. Although the technique is now well established, little research has been undertaken on the use of other encasement materials such as geogrid. This paper discusses the results of a series...
Saved in:
| Published in | Geotextiles and geomembranes Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 167 - 175 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.06.2009
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | In recent years, geotextile encasement has been used to extend the use of stone columns to extremely soft soils. Although the technique is now well established, little research has been undertaken on the use of other encasement materials such as geogrid. This paper discusses the results of a series of small-scale model column tests that were undertaken to investigate the behaviour of geogrid encased columns. The tests focused on studying the effect of varying the length of encasement and investigating whether a column that was partially encased with geogrid would behave similarly to a fully-encased column. In addition, isolated column behaviour was compared to group column behaviour. The results of partially encased column tests indicated a steady reduction in vertical strain with increasing encased length for both isolated columns and group columns. Bulging of the column was observed to occur directly beneath the base of the encasement. A significant increase in column stiffness and further reduction in column strain was observed for fully-encased columns, with strain reductions in the order of 80%. This range of performance may lend the techniques of partial and full geogrid encasement to a series of potential site applications. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | In recent years, geotextile encasement has been used to extend the use of stone columns to extremely soft soils. Although the technique is now well established, little research has been undertaken on the use of other encasement materials such as geogrid. This paper discusses the results of a series of small-scale model column tests that were undertaken to investigate the behaviour of geogrid encased columns. The tests focused on studying the effect of varying the length of encasement and investigating whether a column that was partially encased with geogrid would behave similarly to a fully-encased column. In addition, isolated column behaviour was compared to group column behaviour. The results of partially encased column tests indicated a steady reduction in vertical strain with increasing encased length for both isolated columns and group columns. Bulging of the column was observed to occur directly beneath the base of the encasement. A significant increase in column stiffness and further reduction in column strain was observed for fully- encased columns, with strain reductions in the order of 80%. This range of performance may lend the techniques of partial and full geogrid encasement to a series of potential site applications. |
| Author | Bouazza, Abdelmalek Gniel, Joel |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Joel surname: Gniel fullname: Gniel, Joel email: Joel.Gniel@eng.monash.edu.au – sequence: 2 givenname: Abdelmalek surname: Bouazza fullname: Bouazza, Abdelmalek email: Malek.Bouazza@eng.monash.edu.au |
| BookMark | eNqNkM1LAzEQxYNUsK3-De7J266T_Ur20EMpfhQKXvQcsslsSdnd1CQt-t-bUvHgRS8zMLz35vGbkcloRyTklkJGgdb3u2yLNuDHgEOWA_CM0gyAXpAp5axJi4qXEzKFvK5TSsvyisy83wFAyRo-JYv1sHf2iAOOIbFd4m0X4jC9Tw7ejNskhm-d0QmOSnrUiQ_xfaJsfxhGf00uO9l7vPnec_L2-PC6ek43L0_r1XKTqoKzkFYUu7pRBbSNVqCLeNSMSanzttB5g02b01p3OfCihlJyDS3rSsWrWtJYHIo5uTvnxq7vB_RBDMYr7Hs5oj14UZSsrljJopCdhcpZ7x12Yu_MIN2noCBOuMRO_OASJ1yCUhFxRefil1OZIIOxY3DS9P_wL89-jByOBp3wykRoqI1DFYS25s-ML9WYjwg |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2013_10_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2020_10_021 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_15_00035 crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_419_1_012041 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2020_10_025 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0000779 crossref_primary_10_1080_19648189_2019_1595738 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_23_00132 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_soildyn_2020_106244 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2018_12_011 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_018_0142_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2011_10_006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_017_0122_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2017_10_001 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_019_0217_0 crossref_primary_10_1520_GTJ20130131 crossref_primary_10_12814_jkgss_2014_13_3_031 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2025_140899 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42947_021_00118_x crossref_primary_10_1680_grim_13_00016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12205_019_0617_x crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_2010_17_3_132 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10064_019_01671_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_17486025_2018_1521999 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2015_06_006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40515_021_00179_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2009_12_012 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_18_00052 crossref_primary_10_1139_cgj_2020_0361 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GT_1943_5606_0002066 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2021_03_004 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_22_00384 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_020_01674_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2018_07_011 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgere_18_00029 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_HZ_2153_5515_0000494 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_018_0329_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2017_05_002 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0001282 crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_1425_1_012167 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2016_08_004 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GT_1943_5606_0000316 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_17_00070 crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_20186506005 crossref_primary_10_1520_GTJ102291 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_21_00018a crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2023_03_183 crossref_primary_10_54021_seesv5n2_444 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jrmge_2021_03_004 crossref_primary_10_1061_JHTRBP_HZENG_1175 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_2011_18_1_12 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_013_0085_z crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0002482 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2025_140663 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_020_00349_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13369_019_04299_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_19648189_2019_1665593 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2018_01_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2018_01_002 crossref_primary_10_1080_1064119X_2020_1825571 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2024_135825 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_021_00664_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2013_01_005 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_21_00026 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_020_01594_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2014_11_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trgeo_2023_101067 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_020_00379_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trgeo_2024_101222 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_HZ_2153_5515_0000353 crossref_primary_10_3390_app13116838 crossref_primary_10_1080_19386362_2016_1252139 crossref_primary_10_1080_1064119X_2016_1213336 crossref_primary_10_1002_tal_1978 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40515_023_00310_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_019_0154_1 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_18_00086 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2017_08_003 crossref_primary_10_12989_gae_2014_6_2_195 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_011_9414_0 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_21_00038 crossref_primary_10_48175_IJARSCT_9709 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_022_00387_x crossref_primary_10_1139_cgj_2014_0284 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_023_02484_8 crossref_primary_10_1061_IJGNAI_GMENG_7817 crossref_primary_10_1080_19386362_2016_1145942 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_18_00006 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_773_774_1402 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2022_03_012 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_022_10784_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_019_0181_y crossref_primary_10_1680_geng_11_00004 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_13_00015 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_012_9555_9 crossref_primary_10_1139_cgj_2012_0408 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_024_01005_5 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_14_00002 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_024_00562_2 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_15_00023 crossref_primary_10_2478_sgem_2022_0024 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11440_017_0604_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2010_12_001 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_16_00015 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_16_00014 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_012_9603_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2010_06_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_020_01641_7 crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_5039439 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_12_00033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_020_00252_9 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0000389 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2022_104952 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgein_20_00017 crossref_primary_10_3390_geotechnics4040066 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40996_020_00391_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s12205_013_1341_6 crossref_primary_10_12989_gae_2014_7_2_133 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_19_00081 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12665_018_7287_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2020_07_006 crossref_primary_10_1061_IJGNAI_GMENG_9920 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_12_00029 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10064_020_02066_5 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40703_020_00111_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sandf_2019_07_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2021_104321 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2020_103993 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_016_0062_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trgeo_2019_100310 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2015_12_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2020_103769 crossref_primary_10_3390_geotechnics3020018 crossref_primary_10_1061_IJGNAI_GMENG_10283 crossref_primary_10_1680_gein_12_00016 crossref_primary_10_7843_kgs_2011_27_2_073 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2020_11_003 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40515_014_0010_7 crossref_primary_10_1520_GTJ20170405 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GT_1943_5606_0001256 crossref_primary_10_1108_WJE_11_2022_0458 crossref_primary_10_1061_IJGNAI_GMENG_9393 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_022_10561_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2025_03_063 crossref_primary_10_1080_01490451_2018_1488019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2015_07_014 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2017_08_006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13369_013_0709_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13369_018_3231_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_proeng_2016_06_067 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_017_0317_6 crossref_primary_10_1139_cgj_2012_0437 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_021_00536_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_018_0169_9 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_018_0752_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2021_05_003 crossref_primary_10_3390_su15021108 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2024_140936 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_6675176 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2015_02_058 crossref_primary_10_1520_GTJ20150152 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40515_021_00171_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2016_01_002 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0000579 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_022_00652_w crossref_primary_10_1520_JTE20160030 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0001308 crossref_primary_10_1515_secm_2024_0035 crossref_primary_10_1680_grim_13_00049 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trgeo_2022_100809 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2017_01_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_025_00611_4 crossref_primary_10_1155_2013_348973 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40098_024_01023_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_021_00288_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_012_0735_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s11803_019_0516_7 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GM_1943_5622_0001776 crossref_primary_10_3141_2462_10 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2024_106519 crossref_primary_10_1080_1064119X_2014_959143 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_024_02848_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41062_023_01044_6 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_18_00007 crossref_primary_10_1061_NHREFO_NHENG_2143 crossref_primary_10_1680_grim_2011_164_2_97 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2012_07_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_istruc_2020_03_021 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_020_05499_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2014_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1179_1939787914Y_0000000088 crossref_primary_10_54021_seesv5n2_530 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_022_00367_1 crossref_primary_10_1061_IJGNAI_GMENG_10171 crossref_primary_10_1680_jgrim_17_00039 crossref_primary_10_1631_jzus_A1100334 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_010_9329_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40891_021_00280_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2020_10_757 crossref_primary_10_1080_19386362_2019_1597481 crossref_primary_10_1139_cgj_2016_0167 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2013_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2018_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2019_103458 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2023_134149 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compgeo_2017_02_016 crossref_primary_10_3208_jgssp_IGS_08 crossref_primary_10_3390_app13148370 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2022_01_006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40515_020_00134_7 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1680/gein.2008.15.1.43 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.04.003 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.10.001 10.1139/t03-097 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.03.003 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.04.004 10.3208/sandf.47.873 10.1680/gein.2007.14.6.346 10.1061/40777(156)12 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.12.002 10.1520/GTJ11099J 10.1680/geot.2000.50.6.689 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.05.004 10.1680/geng.2004.157.3.137 10.1061/40783(162)20 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2008 Elsevier Ltd |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2008 Elsevier Ltd |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 8FD FR3 KR7 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Technology Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts Engineering Research Database |
| DatabaseTitleList | Technology Research Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Economics Engineering |
| EISSN | 1879-3584 |
| EndPage | 175 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_j_geotexmem_2008_11_001 S0266114408001040 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .-4 ..I .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 29H 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABXZ AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAEPC AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO ABMAC ABQEM ABQYD ABXDB ABXRA ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACIWK ACLVX ACNNM ACRLP ACSBN ADBBV ADEZE ADHUB ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AEZYN AFKWA AFRZQ AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG ATOGT AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 E.L EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ IHE IMUCA J1W JJJVA KOM LY7 M41 MAGPM MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SDF SDG SDP SES SET SEW SPC SPCBC SSE SSM SST SSZ T5K WUQ ZMT ~G- AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABJNI ABWVN ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AFXIZ AGCQF AGQPQ AGRNS AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP BNPGV CITATION SSH 8FD FR3 KR7 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-51ef69c30b9dc0d3387d77aad2b3d29e9b216df2083604a8d0b7f4c856a102603 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0266-1144 |
| IngestDate | Thu Jul 10 19:26:51 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:25:16 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:59:46 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:19:42 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 3 |
| Keywords | Model tests Reinforcement Stone columns Geogrid encasement |
| Language | English |
| License | https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c387t-51ef69c30b9dc0d3387d77aad2b3d29e9b216df2083604a8d0b7f4c856a102603 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 34765747 |
| PQPubID | 23500 |
| PageCount | 9 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_34765747 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2008_11_001 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2008_11_001 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_geotexmem_2008_11_001 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2009-06-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2009-06-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 06 year: 2009 text: 2009-06-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationTitle | Geotextiles and geomembranes |
| PublicationYear | 2009 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
| References | Madhav, M.R., Miura, N., 1994. Soil improvement. Panel report on stone columns. Proceedings 13th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, New Delhi, India, vol. 5, pp. 163–164. McKelvey, Sivakumar, Bell, Graham (bib16) 2004; 157 Sivakumar, McKelvey, Graham, Hughes (bib23) 2004; 41 Alexiew, D., Brokemper, D. Lothspeich, S., 2005. Geotextile Encased Columns (GEC): load capacity, geotextile selection and pre-design graphs. Proceedings of GeoFrontiers 2005, Austin, Texas, United States, pp. 497–510. Liu, Han, Zhang, Hong (bib13) 2008; 10 Priebe (bib19) 1995; 28 Chen, Cao, Chen (bib6) 2008; 26 Muir-Wood, Hu, Nash (bib17) 2000; 50 Bouazza, Haque, Kwan, Chapman (bib5) 2006; 41 de Mello, L.G., Mondolfo, M., Montez, F., Tsukahara, C.N., Bilfinger, W., 2008. First use of geosynthetic encased sand columns in South America. Proceedings of 1st Pan-American Geosynthetics Conference, Cancun, pp. 1332–1341. Malarvizhi, Ilamparuthi (bib15) 2007; 47 Raithel, M., Kempfert, H.-G., 2000. Calculation models for Dam foundations with Geotextile sand columns. Proceedings of International Conference on Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, GeoEng 2000, Melbourne, Australia. Raithel, M., Kirchner, A., Schade, C., Leusink, E., 2005. Foundation of construction on very soft soils with geotextile encased columns – state of the art. Proceedings of GeoFrontiers 2005, Austin, Texas, United States. Murugesan, Rajagopal (bib18) 2007; 14 Gachet, Klubertanz, Vulliet, Laloui (bib9) 2003; 26 Rowe, Taechakumthorn (bib22) 2008; 26 Trunk, U., Heerten, G., Paul, A., Reuter, E., 2004. Geogrid wrapped vibro stone columns. Proceedings of Third European Geosynthetics Conference; Geotechnical Engineering with Geosynthetics, Munich, Germany, 1, 289–294. Van Impe, W., Silence, P., 1986. Improving of the bearing capacity of weak hydraulic fills by means of geotextiles. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Geotextiles, Vienna, Austria, pp. 1411–1416. Barksdale, Bachus (bib3) 1983 Kempfert, H.-G., Jaup, A., Raithel, M., 1997. Interactive behaviour of a flexible reinforced sand column foundation in soft soils. Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 1757–1760. Hughes, Withers (bib10) 1974; vol. 1 Bergado, Teerawattanasuk (bib4) 2008; 26 Chu, Bo, Choa (bib7) 2006; 24 Li, Rowe (bib12) 2008; 26 Abuel-Naga, Bergado, Chaiprakaikeow (bib1) 2006; 24 Chen (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib6) 2008; 26 Bouazza (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib5) 2006; 41 Li (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib12) 2008; 26 McKelvey (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib16) 2004; 157 Priebe (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib19) 1995; 28 Malarvizhi (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib15) 2007; 47 Gachet (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib9) 2003; 26 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib2 Hughes (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib10) 1974; vol. 1 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib11 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib14 Abuel-Naga (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib1) 2006; 24 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib8 Murugesan (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib18) 2007; 14 Sivakumar (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib23) 2004; 41 Rowe (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib22) 2008; 26 Bergado (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib4) 2008; 26 Chu (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib7) 2006; 24 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib21 Liu (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib13) 2008; 10 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib20 Barksdale (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib3) 1983 Muir-Wood (10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib17) 2000; 50 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib25 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib24 |
| References_xml | – volume: 26 start-page: 1 year: 2003 end-page: 10 ident: bib9 article-title: Interface behaviour of unsaturated soil with small-scale models and use of image processing techniques publication-title: Geotechnical Testing Journal – reference: Trunk, U., Heerten, G., Paul, A., Reuter, E., 2004. Geogrid wrapped vibro stone columns. Proceedings of Third European Geosynthetics Conference; Geotechnical Engineering with Geosynthetics, Munich, Germany, 1, 289–294. – reference: Raithel, M., Kempfert, H.-G., 2000. Calculation models for Dam foundations with Geotextile sand columns. Proceedings of International Conference on Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, GeoEng 2000, Melbourne, Australia. – year: 1983 ident: bib3 article-title: Design and construction of stone columns: Final report SCEGIT-83-104 – reference: de Mello, L.G., Mondolfo, M., Montez, F., Tsukahara, C.N., Bilfinger, W., 2008. First use of geosynthetic encased sand columns in South America. Proceedings of 1st Pan-American Geosynthetics Conference, Cancun, pp. 1332–1341. – volume: 41 start-page: 101 year: 2006 end-page: 106 ident: bib5 article-title: Strength improvement of Coode island silt by the soil mixing method publication-title: Australian Geomechanics Journal – volume: 157 start-page: 137 year: 2004 end-page: 149 ident: bib16 article-title: Modelling vibrated stone columns in soft clay publication-title: Geotechnical Engineering – volume: 10 start-page: 43 year: 2008 end-page: 54 ident: bib13 article-title: A combined DJM-PVD method for soft ground improvement publication-title: Geosynthetics International – reference: Raithel, M., Kirchner, A., Schade, C., Leusink, E., 2005. Foundation of construction on very soft soils with geotextile encased columns – state of the art. Proceedings of GeoFrontiers 2005, Austin, Texas, United States. – volume: 26 start-page: 164 year: 2008 end-page: 174 ident: bib6 article-title: An experimental investigation of soil arching within basal reinforced and unreinforced piled embankments publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes – volume: 26 start-page: 317 year: 2008 end-page: 334 ident: bib12 article-title: Effects of viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement and foundation soils on embankment performance publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes – volume: 14 start-page: 346 year: 2007 end-page: 354 ident: bib18 article-title: Model tests on geosynthetic-encased stone columns publication-title: Geosynthetics International – volume: 26 start-page: 239 year: 2008 end-page: 249 ident: bib22 article-title: Combined effect of PVDs and reinforcement on embankments over rate-sensitive soils publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes – reference: Kempfert, H.-G., Jaup, A., Raithel, M., 1997. Interactive behaviour of a flexible reinforced sand column foundation in soft soils. Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Hamburg, Germany, pp. 1757–1760. – volume: 24 start-page: 359 year: 2006 end-page: 370 ident: bib1 article-title: Innovative thermal technique for enhancing the performance of prefabricated vertical drain system publication-title: Geotextile and Geomembranes – reference: Madhav, M.R., Miura, N., 1994. Soil improvement. Panel report on stone columns. Proceedings 13th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, New Delhi, India, vol. 5, pp. 163–164. – volume: 24 start-page: 339 year: 2006 end-page: 348 ident: bib7 article-title: Improvement of ultra soft soil using prefabricated vertical drains publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes – reference: Van Impe, W., Silence, P., 1986. Improving of the bearing capacity of weak hydraulic fills by means of geotextiles. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Geotextiles, Vienna, Austria, pp. 1411–1416. – volume: 26 start-page: 39 year: 2008 end-page: 55 ident: bib4 article-title: 2D and 3D numerical simulations of reinforced embankments on soft ground publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes – volume: 47 start-page: 873 year: 2007 end-page: 885 ident: bib15 article-title: Comparative study on the behaviour of encased stone column and conventional stone column publication-title: Soils and Foundations – volume: 28 start-page: 31 year: 1995 end-page: 37 ident: bib19 article-title: The design of vibro replacement publication-title: Ground Engineering – reference: Alexiew, D., Brokemper, D. Lothspeich, S., 2005. Geotextile Encased Columns (GEC): load capacity, geotextile selection and pre-design graphs. Proceedings of GeoFrontiers 2005, Austin, Texas, United States, pp. 497–510. – volume: vol. 1 year: 1974 ident: bib10 article-title: Reinforcing of soft soils with stone columns publication-title: Ground Engineering – volume: 41 start-page: 299 year: 2004 end-page: 312 ident: bib23 article-title: Triaxial tests on model sand columns in clay publication-title: Canadian Geotechnical Journal – volume: 50 start-page: 689 year: 2000 end-page: 698 ident: bib17 article-title: Group effects in stone column foundation: model tests publication-title: Geotechnique – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib14 – year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib3 – volume: 10 start-page: 43 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib13 article-title: A combined DJM-PVD method for soft ground improvement publication-title: Geosynthetics International doi: 10.1680/gein.2008.15.1.43 – volume: 24 start-page: 359 issue: 6 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib1 article-title: Innovative thermal technique for enhancing the performance of prefabricated vertical drain system publication-title: Geotextile and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.04.003 – volume: 26 start-page: 239 issue: 3 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib22 article-title: Combined effect of PVDs and reinforcement on embankments over rate-sensitive soils publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.10.001 – volume: 28 start-page: 31 issue: 10 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib19 article-title: The design of vibro replacement publication-title: Ground Engineering – volume: 41 start-page: 299 issue: 2 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib23 article-title: Triaxial tests on model sand columns in clay publication-title: Canadian Geotechnical Journal doi: 10.1139/t03-097 – volume: 26 start-page: 39 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib4 article-title: 2D and 3D numerical simulations of reinforced embankments on soft ground publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.03.003 – volume: 24 start-page: 339 issue: 1 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib7 article-title: Improvement of ultra soft soil using prefabricated vertical drains publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.04.004 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib25 – volume: vol. 1 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib10 article-title: Reinforcing of soft soils with stone columns – volume: 47 start-page: 873 issue: 5 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib15 article-title: Comparative study on the behaviour of encased stone column and conventional stone column publication-title: Soils and Foundations doi: 10.3208/sandf.47.873 – volume: 14 start-page: 346 issue: 6 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib18 article-title: Model tests on geosynthetic-encased stone columns publication-title: Geosynthetics International doi: 10.1680/gein.2007.14.6.346 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib8 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib2 doi: 10.1061/40777(156)12 – volume: 26 start-page: 317 issue: 4 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib12 article-title: Effects of viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement and foundation soils on embankment performance publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.12.002 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib11 – volume: 26 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib9 article-title: Interface behaviour of unsaturated soil with small-scale models and use of image processing techniques publication-title: Geotechnical Testing Journal doi: 10.1520/GTJ11099J – volume: 41 start-page: 101 issue: 3 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib5 article-title: Strength improvement of Coode island silt by the soil mixing method publication-title: Australian Geomechanics Journal – volume: 50 start-page: 689 issue: 6 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib17 article-title: Group effects in stone column foundation: model tests publication-title: Geotechnique doi: 10.1680/geot.2000.50.6.689 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib24 – volume: 26 start-page: 164 issue: 2 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib6 article-title: An experimental investigation of soil arching within basal reinforced and unreinforced piled embankments publication-title: Geotextiles and Geomembranes doi: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2007.05.004 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib20 – volume: 157 start-page: 137 issue: 3 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib16 article-title: Modelling vibrated stone columns in soft clay publication-title: Geotechnical Engineering doi: 10.1680/geng.2004.157.3.137 – ident: 10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001_bib21 doi: 10.1061/40783(162)20 |
| SSID | ssj0004798 |
| Score | 2.3696969 |
| Snippet | In recent years, geotextile encasement has been used to extend the use of stone columns to extremely soft soils. Although the technique is now well... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 167 |
| SubjectTerms | Geogrid encasement Model tests Reinforcement Stone columns |
| Title | Improvement of soft soils using geogrid encased stone columns |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.001 https://www.proquest.com/docview/34765747 |
| Volume | 27 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV05T8MwFLaqMgADggKiHMUDa2gOx47ZqoqqgOgClbpFiY8qqE0rkkpM_Hb8chSKkDqwREpk53h-ebe_h9CNpD4nDteWH0huAV6JFcjAsXisHUdD0K1AYnoe0eGYPE78SQP1670wUFZZyf5SphfSurrSrajZXSZJ98UG3QK5yaAAmQG_nRAGXH77-V3mQVjRDxcGWzB6o8Zrqha5-pireVlUCXCeVXeYPzTUL1ldKKDBITqoLEfcK1_uCDVU2kK79cbirIX2f2ALHqMqXFBE__BC48zIW3NIZhmGWvcpnkL780Ri88lGk0kMVqDCAqRVmp2g8eD-tT-0ql4JlvACllu-ozTlwrNjLoUtjePJJGNRJN3Yky5XPHYdKrULYNQ2iQJpx0wTEfg0cgBWzDtFzdQ85gxhFgju2poKz6NE-yw2JoqK4VRQYqyNNqI1fUJRAYlDP4tZWFeMvYVrwpZtLo2TYQjbRvZ64rLE0tg-5a5egHCDLUIj8bdPvq6XLDQ_DWRColQtVlnoGT7xjSN1_p_bX6C9MrUEIZlL1MzfV-rKWCh53ClYsIN2eg9Pw9EXZ-jlrA |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV05T8MwFLaqMhQGBAVEueqBNTSHY8dsqKIq0HahlbpFiY-qqJdIKjHx2_HLUShC6sASKZGd49n53uHn7yF0K6nPicO15QeSW8BXYgUycCwea8fREHTLmJj6A9odkeexP66gdrkXBtIqC-zPMT1D6-JKq5BmazWdtl5t0C2wNhlkJDPGb98j5veFMgZ3n995HoRlBXGhtQXNt5K8JmqZqo-5mudZlcDnWZSH-UNF_QLrTAN1jtBhYTrih_ztjlFFLeqoVu4sTuro4Ae54Akq4gVZ-A8vNU4M4JrDdJZgSHaf4AnUP59KbL7ZqDKJwQxUWABcLZJTNOo8DttdqyiWYAkvYKnlO0pTLjw75lLY0nieTDIWRdKNPelyxWPXoVK7wEZtkyiQdsw0EYFPIwd4xbwzVF2Yx5wjzALBXVtT4XmUaJ_FxkZRMZwKSoy50UC0lE8oCiZxKGgxC8uUsbdwI9i8zqXxMoxgG8jedFzlZBq7u9yXAxBuzYvQQP7uzs1yyELz18BSSLRQy3USeoRR33hSF_-5fRPVusN-L-w9DV4u0X6-zgTxmStUTd_X6tqYK2l8k03HL7it5zo |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Improvement+of+soft+soils+using+geogrid+encased+stone+columns&rft.jtitle=Geotextiles+and+geomembranes&rft.au=Gniel%2C+Joel&rft.au=Bouazza%2C+Abdelmalek&rft.date=2009-06-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Ltd&rft.issn=0266-1144&rft.eissn=1879-3584&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=167&rft.epage=175&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.geotexmem.2008.11.001&rft.externalDocID=S0266114408001040 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0266-1144&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0266-1144&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0266-1144&client=summon |