Trophic interaction of the aerotolerant anaerobe Clostridium intestinale and the acetogen Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. isolated from roots of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus

1 Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 2 Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbus, SC 29208, USA Correspondence Harold L. Drake HLD{at}...

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Published inMicrobiology (Society for General Microbiology) Vol. 152; no. 4; pp. 1209 - 1219
Main Authors Gossner, Anita S, Kusel, Kirsten, Schulz, Daria, Trenz, Sonja, Acker, George, Lovell, Charles R, Drake, Harold L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Reading Soc General Microbiol 01.04.2006
Society for General Microbiology
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ISSN1350-0872
1465-2080
DOI10.1099/mic.0.28725-0

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Abstract 1 Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 2 Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbus, SC 29208, USA Correspondence Harold L. Drake HLD{at}Uni-Bayreuth.De Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS T ) ( T indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS T . The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale , indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS T was only 96 % similar to that of RS T and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa , indicating that RS T was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H 2 -forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O 2 and tolerated 20 % O 2 in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS T was acetogenic, utilized H 2 , lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O 2 . RS T grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H 2 , and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O 2 -consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O 2 . Abbreviations: MPN, most probable number The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of RC (1480 bp sequenced) and RS T (1387 bp sequenced) are AM158323 and AM158322 , respectively. Present address: Limnology Research Group, Institute for Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany.
AbstractList Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS super(T)) ( super(T) indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS super(T). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale, indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS super(T) was only 96 % similar to that of RS super(T) and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa, indicating that RS super(T) was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H sub(2)- forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O sub(2) and tolerated 20 % O sub(2) in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS super(T) was acetogenic, utilized H sub(2), lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O sub(2). RS super(T) grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H sub(2), and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O sub(2)-consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O sub(2).
Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS T ) ( T indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS T . The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale , indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS T was only 96 % similar to that of RS T and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa , indicating that RS T was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H 2 -forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O 2 and tolerated 20 % O 2 in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS T was acetogenic, utilized H 2 , lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O 2 . RS T grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H 2 , and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O 2 -consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O 2 .
1 Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 2 Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbus, SC 29208, USA Correspondence Harold L. Drake HLD{at}Uni-Bayreuth.De Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS T ) ( T indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS T . The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale , indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS T was only 96 % similar to that of RS T and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa , indicating that RS T was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H 2 -forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O 2 and tolerated 20 % O 2 in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS T was acetogenic, utilized H 2 , lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O 2 . RS T grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H 2 , and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O 2 -consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O 2 . Abbreviations: MPN, most probable number The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of RC (1480 bp sequenced) and RS T (1387 bp sequenced) are AM158323 and AM158322 , respectively. Present address: Limnology Research Group, Institute for Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS(T)) ((T) indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS(T). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale, indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS(T) was only 96 % similar to that of RS(T) and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa, indicating that RS(T) was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H(2)-forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O(2) and tolerated 20 % O(2) in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS(T) was acetogenic, utilized H(2), lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O(2). RS(T) grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H(2), and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O(2)-consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O(2).
Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS(T)) ((T) indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS(T). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale, indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS(T) was only 96 % similar to that of RS(T) and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa, indicating that RS(T) was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H(2)-forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O(2) and tolerated 20 % O(2) in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS(T) was acetogenic, utilized H(2), lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O(2). RS(T) grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H(2), and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O(2)-consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O(2).Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, ST1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (RC) and an acetogen (RS(T)) ((T) indicates type strain). The two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of either RC or RS(T). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RC was 99 % similar to that of Clostridium intestinale, indicating that RC was a new isolate of this clostridial species. The rRNA gene sequence most similar to that of RS(T) was only 96 % similar to that of RS(T) and was from a species of the acetogenic genus Sporomusa, indicating that RS(T) was a new sporomusal species; the name Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. is proposed. RC grew at the expense of saccharides. H(2)-forming butyrate fermentation was the primary catabolism utilized by RC under anoxic conditions, while homolactate fermentation was the primary catabolism under oxic conditions. RC consumed O(2) and tolerated 20 % O(2) in the headspace of shaken broth cultures. In contrast, RS(T) was acetogenic, utilized H(2), lactate and formate, did not utilize saccharides, and could not tolerate high concentrations of O(2). RS(T) grew by trophic interaction with RC on saccharides via the uptake of H(2), and, to a lesser extent, lactate and formate produced by RC. Co-cultures of the two organisms yielded high amounts of acetate. These results indicate that (i) previously uncharacterized species of Sporomusa are associated with Juncus roots and (ii) trophic links to O(2)-consuming aerotolerant anaerobes might contribute to the in situ activities and survival strategies of acetogens in salt marsh rhizospheres, a habitat subject to gradients of plant-derived O(2).
Author Schulz, Daria
Acker, George
Trenz, Sonja
Drake, Harold L
Gossner, Anita S
Kusel, Kirsten
Lovell, Charles R
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IsPeerReviewed true
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Issue 4
Keywords Clostridium
Halophyte
Monocotyledones
Clostridiales
Acetogenesis
Trophic relation
Phylogeny
Juncaceae
Ribosomal RNA
Morphology
Angiospermae
Clostridiaceae
Bacteria
Spermatophyta
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Snippet 1 Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 2 Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, 95440...
Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1,...
Acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. An isolated colony, ST1,...
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SubjectTerms Acetic Acid - metabolism
Bacteriology
Biological and medical sciences
Butyrates - metabolism
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Clostridium
Clostridium - classification
Clostridium - isolation & purification
Clostridium - metabolism
Clostridium intestinale
DNA, Bacterial - chemistry
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
Fermentation
Formates - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics
Hydrogen - metabolism
Juncus
Juncus roemerianus
Lactic Acid - metabolism
Magnoliopsida - microbiology
Microbiology
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Molecular Sequence Data
Oxygen Consumption
Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains
Phylogeny
Plant Roots - microbiology
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Sporomusa
Sporomusa rhizae
Veillonellaceae - classification
Veillonellaceae - isolation & purification
Veillonellaceae - metabolism
Title Trophic interaction of the aerotolerant anaerobe Clostridium intestinale and the acetogen Sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. isolated from roots of the black needlerush Juncus roemerianus
URI http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/152/4/1209
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16549683
https://www.proquest.com/docview/20246445
https://www.proquest.com/docview/67770205
Volume 152
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