Plasma oxidizability in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and NIDDM

• Published in: Diabetes care Vol. 18; no. 5; pp. 646 - 653
• Main Authors: Haffner, Steven M, Agil, Ahmad, Mykkanen, Leena, Stern, Michael P, Jialal, Ishwarlal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association 01.05.1995
• Subjects: Amidines - pharmacology; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Cholesterol - blood; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diabetic Angiopathies - blood; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Ethnic Groups; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; European Continental Ancestry Group; Female; Glucose Intolerance - blood; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; Lipid Peroxides - blood; Male; Medical sciences; Mexican Americans; Middle Aged; Oxidation-Reduction; Reference Values; Sex Characteristics; Texas; Triglycerides - blood; Vascular Diseases - blood; Endocrinopathy; Human; Lipoprotein LDL; Metabolic disorder; Pathophysiology; Lipids; Metabolic interrelation; Oxidation; Impaired glucose tolerance; Non insulin dependent diabetes
• ISSN: 0149-5992; 1935-5548
• DOI: 10.2337/diacare.18.5.646

Plasma oxidizability in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and NIDDM. S M Haffner , A Agil , L Mykkanen , M P Stern and I Jialal Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78284-7873, USA. Abstract OBJECTIVE--Several lines of evidence support an atherogenic role for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Studies on LDL oxidation in diabetes to date have examined LDL isolated from plasma, but have failed to evaluate the other pro- and antioxidant factors present in vivo, the balance of which could be crucial in determining the susceptibility of LDL to lipid peroxidation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--We examined the oxidizability of plasma from Mexican-Americans in the San Antonio Heart Study. The oxidizability of plasma in 75 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was studied after co-incubation with a free radical initiator, 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane hydrochloride (AAPH). Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were measured by a modified fluorimetric assay. RESULTS--Baseline LPO levels (mumol/l; means +/- SE) were similar in the three glucose tolerance categories (NGT, 1.99 +/- 0.07; IGT, 1.88 +/- 0.07; NIDDM, 1.97 +/- 0.07; P = 0.521). However, after incubation with AAPH (NGT, 4.30 +/- 0.20; IGT, 4.45 +/- 0.20; NIDDM, 5.35 +/- 0.20; P = 0.003), the diabetic plasma had significantly greater amounts of LPOs compared with the other two groups. There was no significant difference in LPOs between the NGT and IGT groups. The statistical significance of increased oxidizability of the diabetic plasma persisted after exclusion of patients who smoked cigarettes (n = 15) or who had vascular disease (n = 4). CONCLUSIONS--In conclusion, this study shows that the plasma of Mexican-American subjects with NIDDM is more prone to lipid peroxidation than that of non-Hispanic whites.