Directional invariance during loading-related modulations of muscle activity: evidence for motor equivalence

• Published in: Experimental brain research Vol. 148; no. 1; pp. 62 - 76
• Main Authors: Levin, Oron, Wenderoth, Nicole, Steyvers, Maarten, Swinnen, Stephan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin Springer 01.01.2003; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Elbow; Electromyography; Female; Forearm; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Kinematics; Male; Motor control and motor pathways. Reflexes. Control centers of vegetative functions. Vestibular system and equilibration; Movement - physiology; Muscle Contraction - physiology; Muscle function; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Orientation - physiology; Psychomotor Performance - physiology; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Weight-Bearing - physiology; Human; Muscle cocontraction; Force; Central nervous system; Electrophysiology; Motor equivalence; Joint; Striated muscle; Motor control; Pictural drawing; Muscle grouping; Posture; Manual task; Cyclical movements; End-effector kinematics; Kinematics; Strategy; Electromyography; Upper limb; Spatial representation; Directional tuning

In the present study, we investigated the influence of external force manipulations on movements in different directions, while keeping the amplitude invariant. Subjects ( n=10) performed a series of cyclical anteroposterior, mediolateral, and oblique line-drawing movements (star drawing task) with...